The spatial distribution of rain forest butterflies at three sites in North Queensland, Australia

ABSTRACTSurveys of the microhabitat distribution of adult butterfly species were undertaken at three rain forest sites in North Queensland, Australia, encompassing a range of rain forest vegetation types. These surveys found little evidence for a specialist canopy fauna. Most species recorded in the canopy were often seen close to the ground. At all sites, most species were observed at the edge of the rain forest habitat; within the rain forest, more species were observed near the ground than in the canopy.

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Predation on artificial caterpillars is higher in countryside than near-natural forest habitat in lowland south-western Costa Rica

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467415000012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 281-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Carlo Lutz Seifert ◽

Lisamarie Lehner ◽

Marc-Oliver Adams ◽

Konrad Fiedler

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Costa Rica ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Predation Pressure ◽

Herbivorous Insects ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Attack Frequency ◽

Forest Habitat ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Per Capita

Abstract:Predation pressure is essential in regulating population dynamics of herbivorous insects. We used artificial caterpillars (25 × 4 mm) made from brown-or green-coloured plasticine to compare predation pressure between countryside and near-natural rain-forest habitat in the Gulfo Dulce region (Costa Rica). Within each habitat, 162 caterpillars were placed randomly on different substrates along a 1200-m transect and at heights between 0.5 and 2.0 m. Artificial caterpillars were inspected at 24-h intervals for 3 consecutive days. Predation pressure was almost twice as high for countryside (mean attack frequency per capita: 1.11 ± 0.08 SE) compared with rain forest (0.66 ± 0.07 SE). In both habitats arthropods emerged as chief predator group, followed by birds. Attacks by non-volant mammals were very rare and restricted to rain-forest sites. In the countryside, bird attacks were more than four times as common as in forest, indicating a change in their relative importance across habitats.

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A New Species of Eugenia subg. Pseudeugenia (Myrtaceae, Myrteae) from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Systematic Botany ◽

10.1600/036364420x15935294613518 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 537-543

Author(s):

Karinne Sampaio Valdemarin ◽

Jair Eustáquio Quintino Faria ◽

Fiorella Fernanda Mazine ◽

Vinicius Castro Souza

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Forest Vegetation ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Lowland Forests ◽

A New Species

Abstract—A new species of Eugenia from the Atlantic forest of Brazil is described and illustrated. Eugenia flavicarpa is restricted to the Floresta de Tabuleiro (lowland forests) of Espírito Santo state and is nested in Eugenia subg. Pseudeugenia. Considering all other species of the subgenus that occur in forest vegetation types of the Atlantic forest phytogeographic domain, Eugenia flavicarpa can be distinguished mainly by the combination of smooth leaves with indumentum on both surfaces, with two marginal veins, usually ramiflorous inflorescences, pedicels 4.5‐9.7 mm long, flower buds 3.5‐4 mm in diameter, and by the calyx lobes that are 2‐3 mm long with rounded to obtuse apices. Morphological analyses were performed to explore the significance of quantitative diagnostic features between the new species and the closely related species, Eugenia farneyi. Notes on the habitat, distribution, phenology, and conservation status of Eugenia flavicarpa are provided, as well as a key for all species of Eugenia subg. Pseudeugenia from forest vegetation of the Atlantic forest phytogeographic domain.

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The mandrill in Gabon's rain forest—ecology, distribution and status

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605300022365 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 218-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Michael J. S. Harrison

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Forest Ecology ◽

Human Pressure ◽

Forest Habitat ◽

Hunting Pressure ◽

Mandrillus Sphinx ◽

Conservation Measures ◽

Equatorial Africa ◽

In The Wild

Little is known about the mandrill Mandrillus sphinx in the wild. It is an elusive primate and thus difficult to study in its rain-forest habitat in equatorial Africa. As human pressure on its habitat grows it has become increasingly urgent to discover more about the species so that appropriate conservation measures can be planned. The author made a 15-month study of the mandrill in Gabon and discovered that it was not as widely distributed as had been believed. Although it is threatened by hunting pressure and habitat disruption, populations still remain and five reserves protect some of these.

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A multiple approach for the evaluation of the spatial distribution and dynamics of a forest habitat: the case of Apennine beech forests with Taxus baccata and Ilex aquifolium

Biodiversity and Conservation ◽

10.1007/s10531-009-9629-z ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 3099-3113 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Luca Scarnati ◽

Fabio Attorre ◽

Michele De Sanctis ◽

Alessio Farcomeni ◽

Fabio Francesconi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Taxus Baccata ◽

Beech Forests ◽

Forest Habitat ◽

Ilex Aquifolium ◽

Multiple Approach

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The estimation of temporal processes in tropical rain forest: a study of primary mixed dipterocarp forest in Indonesia

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467400000225 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 171-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Soedarsono Riswan ◽

J. B. Kenworthy ◽

Kuswata Kartawinata

Keyword(s):

Time Scale ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Gap Formation ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Secondary Species ◽

East Kalimantan ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Time Required ◽

Individual Trees

ABSTRACTIn the absence of growth rings it is difficult to give a precise time scale for processes associated with the re-establishment of tropical rain forest. This paper explores other methods by which a time scale may be constructed. The proportions of primary and secondary species, an index of similarity, biomass measurements, girth dimensions and gap size are all considered from sites in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data from primary, secondary and experimentally cleared forest sites are compared to estimate the minimum time required for various phases involved in the re-establishment of tropical rain forest after disturbance. A simple model is proposed to accommodate the data and other estimates in the literature. The model predicts a minimum period for the stablization of secondary species numbers as 60–70 years and the replacement of primary species as 150 years at which point gap formation is initiated. After approximately 220–250 years biomass stabilizes while individual trees exist for over 500 years.

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Composition of Vegetation Types and Structures in Gunung Ciremai National Park Forest

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/748/1/012009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 748 (1) ◽

pp. 012009

Author(s):

Agusyadi Ismail ◽

Yayan Hendrayana ◽

Dadan Ramadani ◽

Sri Umiyati

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Vegetation Structure ◽

National Park ◽

Stand Structure ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Forest Vegetation ◽

Intensity Data ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Growth Phases ◽

High Level

Abstract Mount Ciremai National Park forest that area had been encroached. Because of that condition, stand structure especially the species composition and vegetation structure need to be researched. The aim of this research was to identify plant species and analyze forest vegetation structure. This research was conducted between March–April 2018 in the 15.500 ha area with 0.02% sampling intensity. Data was collected using grid line method that consisted of 34 sample plots with the 10 m distance between the plots and 20 m between the lines. The numbers of identified plant species at the research location were 43 species, classified by 10 families and 24 genera. Cinnamomum sintoc has a high level of dominance species. The forest vegetation was consisting by the different growth phases. The tree phase has the highest density of 3672 species/ha, while the seedling phase was lowest density of 1060 species/ha. The forest crown stratification were consisting of A, B, C, D and E stratum. The highest number of plants were from C strata for 4651 trees and the least from A strata with 25 trees with the highest tree was 42 m. Could be concluded that the composition of Mount Ciremai National Park forest have so many number of species and complex structure vegetation forest.

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The Lion-Tailed Monkey and Its South Indian Rain Forest Habitat

Primate Conservation ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-576150-5.50014-5 ◽

1977 ◽

pp. 289-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

STEVEN GREEN ◽

KAREN MINKOWSKI

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Forest Habitat ◽

South Indian

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Spatial patterns of two rodent-dispersed rain forest trees Carapa procera (Meliaceae) and Vouacapoua americana (Caesalpiniaceae) at Paracou, French Guiana

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467499000838 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 301-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Pierre-Michel Forget ◽

François Mercier ◽

Frédérique Collinet

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Spatial Patterns ◽

Rain Forest ◽

French Guiana ◽

Soil Drainage ◽

Complete Spatial Randomness ◽

Adult Trees ◽

Level Of Aggregation ◽

Small Clusters ◽

Carapa Procera

The spatial distribution of two rain forest tree species, Carapa procera (Meliaceae) and Vouacapoua americana (Caesalpiniaceae) was analysed within and between plots of different sizes (6.25 and 25 ha) at Paracou, French Guiana. The L(d) function was used to characterize spatial patterns, and the Lij(d) intertype to study independancy between young and adult trees. Although both species are known to be dispersed by caviomorph rodents within short distances (c. 10–20 m and up to 50 m) of parent tree crowns, the analysis of tree positions led to different spatial patterns between species depending on soil drainage characteristics. Overall, while V. americana showed a strongly aggregated spatial distribution, C. procera had a weaker propensity to depart from complete spatial randomness (CSR). A complex distribution, sometimes clustered in areas with hydromorphic soils (swamps and around streams) and sometimes very near CSR outside these areas characterized the C. procera population. When C. procera tree aggregation occurred, there was a slight attraction between juveniles and adults. The aggregation of V. americana trees was evidenced at different levels depending on the scale of investigation. Within small plots (6.25 ha), a first level of aggregation with short distance radii of c. 10–25 m giving small clusters, and a second level which is composed of small clusters aggregated at c. 40–50 m distance radius, were observed. A third level of aggregation was suggested by analysing the tree population at the larger scale (25 ha) whose boundaries outside the plot were not delimited. Aggregation of V. americana trees at all levels was enhanced by a strong attraction between juveniles and adults. These results were discussed in light of seed and seedling ecology, especially with regard to seedling and sapling gap-dependence and soil drainage, which likely affected the recruitment of juvenile trees, and henceforth final tree spatial pattern.

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