Effect of sward surface height of mixed swards of ryegrass/white clover on the intake and performance by ewes and their twin lambs

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
R.J. Orr ◽  
P.D. Penning ◽  
A.J. Parsons ◽  
T.T. Treacher
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Grass Sward

Mixed swards of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. S23) and white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Huia) were maintained at sward surface heights (SSH) of 3 (GC3), 6 (GC6) and 9 cm (GC9) by continuous variable stocking to examine effects on sward and animal performance. In addition, a pure grass sward of S23 was kept at 6 cm (G6) and fertilized with 14 applications of 30 kg N per ha at fortnightly intervals, beginning on 25 March. The swards were sown in August 1983, cut twice in 1984, in May and June, and then grazed thereafter. Fertilizer was applied to the seedbed at 40 kg N per ha, 20 kg P205 per ha and 20 kg K20 per ha. In March 1984 and 1985, 20 kg per ha each of P205 and K2O were applied to all plots.Dry sheep grazed the paddocks (0.69 ha) to the required SSH's with grazing starting on 4 April, 9 April, 12 April and 24 April for treatments GC3, G6, GC6 and GC9, respectively. On 24 April, two days after lambing, core groups of 8 Scottish Halfbred ewes with twin lambs were put on the plots. Additional ewes, kept on swards similar to the treatment areas, were used to adjust the stocking rate to maintain the SSH's. These were measured three times each week with 200 readings per plot.

Some effects of canopy height on perennial ryegrass and white clover in a field sward

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wilman ◽  
S. K. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
N Content ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
Leaf Extension ◽  
Dead Tissue

SUMMARYEight canopy heights, maintained by weekly cutting, were compared during summer and early autumn on a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)-white clover (Trifolium repens L.) sward.Perennial ryegrass adapted to a taller canopy by increasing the length of its leaf blades much more than it increased the length of its leaf sheaths, and by increasing the length of its blades proportionately more than their width. White clover adapted by increasing the length of its petioles much more than it increased the length of its leaflets. Canopy height did not affect the number of ryegrass leaves emerging or dying per tiller or the number of live, emerged leaves maintained by a tiller. The amount of herbage harvested at the weekly cuts was largely unaffected by canopy height once the swards had adapted to the particular management. Leaf blades in the taller canopies, therefore, lost a much lower proportion of their length to defoliation than those in the shorter canopies. Consequently, the length of blade dying per tiller per week was more strikingly affected by canopy height than was the rate of leaf extension. The increasing amount of material lost by death with increasing canopy height was confirmed by the weights of senescent and dead tissue collected weekly from a fixed area in each plot. Herbage in the lower compared with the upper layers of the taller canopies was much less digestible and lower in N content.

Effects of chitin amendment of soil on microorganisms, nematodes, and growth of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. Sarathchandra ◽  
R. N. Watson ◽  
N. R. Cox ◽  
M. E. di Menna ◽  
J. A. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

scholarly journals Controlling Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense) through pasture management

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P.J. Eerens ◽  
S.S. Seefeldt ◽  
G. Garry ◽  
M.L. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Californian Thistle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Shoots

The impact of grazing pasture to different heights on the development of Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense) was simulated over two years in container trials Californian thistle field densities were simulated by transplanting seedlings into perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens) that had been sown at 20 and 5 kg/ha respectively In a high fertility situation adding fertiliser did not influence Californian thistle development in the pasture sward Californian thistle grown without companion ryegrass and white clover grew the best reaching the highest levels of biomass (shoot and root material) and number of shoots (supra and subterranean) Californian thistle grown with the highest level of pasture competition fared the worst with the lowest level of biomass and number of shoots The results show that grazing to a higher residual severely reduces Californian thistle growth and is a useful tool to assist in the control of Californian thistle

scholarly journals Legumes, herbs or grass for lamb performance?

1996 ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. Fraser ◽  
J.S. Rowarth
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Animal Performance

Lamb performance was evaluated for three consecutive summer-early autumn periods on ryegrass (Lolium perenne), white clover (Trifolium repens), chicory (Cichorium intybus), plantain (Plantago lanceolata) or lotus (Lotus corniculatus). Lamb liveweight gains, fasted liveweights at slaughter and hot carcass weights tended to be highest on legumes and chicory and lowest on plantain and ryegrass. Greasy wool weights were significantly higher on lotus and white clover than on chicory, plantain and ryegrass. Greasy wool weight was significantly related to fasted liveweight (R2=0.94-0.99). Protein (%) in herbage accounted for 83-92% of the variability in animal performance; food intake accounted for 57-69% of the variability and was negatively correlated with hemicellulose and cellulose (R2=97.2 and 80.9%, respectively). Thus quality of feed was more important than intake alone in determining animal performance. Keywords: carcass weight, Cichorium intybus, greasy wool weight, intake, lamb performance, Lotus corniculatus, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens

PASTURE COMPOSITION UNDER MIXED SHEEP AND GOAT GRAZING ON HILL COUNTRY

1984 ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
D.A. Clark ◽  
M.P. Rolston ◽  
M.G. Lambert ◽  
P.J. Budding
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Agrostis Tenuis ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Hill country pasture was grazed by the following ratios of goats and sheep from 1979-l 983: 100% goats (Goat 100). 66% goats and 34% sheep (Goat 66)) 33% goats and 67% sheep (doat 33), 100% set-stocked sheep (Sheep 100) and 100% mobstocked sheep. Changes in botanical composition, herbage mass and herbage accumulation rate were measured by sample dissection, visual estimation and trimmed exclosure cages respectively on three slope classes (banks, slopes and tracks). Pastures grazed by goats developed Yorkshire fog IHolcus lanatus)- white clover (Trifolium repens L.) associations with strong white clover growth on all slope classes unlike sheep-grazed pastures which contained little white clover and were dominated by perennial' ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and browntop (Agrostis tenuis Sibth.). The herbage mass of 3000, 1830, 1410 kg DM/ha on banks, slopes and tracks respectively for Sheep 100 pastures contrasted with that on the Goat 100 pastures of 2030, 3750 and 4300 kg DM/ha. White clover was enhanced on all slope classes in the Goat 100 treatment. Annual herbage accumulation was greater on the Goat 100 than Sheep 100 pastures, 13.9 and 11.2 t DM/ha respectively. There was a close association between increased annual white clover accumulation and tofal herbage accumulation. The complementary nature of sheepandgoatgrazing behavioursuggeststhe possibility of increased meat and fibre production from mixed grazing. The implications of these results for future research are discussed. Keywords: Sheep, goats, herbage mass, herbage accumulation rate, botanical composition, slope classes, white clover (Trifolium repens L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatusl, browntop (Agrostis tenuis Sibth.).

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