scholarly journals Legumes, herbs or grass for lamb performance?

1996 ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. Fraser ◽  
J.S. Rowarth
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Animal Performance

Lamb performance was evaluated for three consecutive summer-early autumn periods on ryegrass (Lolium perenne), white clover (Trifolium repens), chicory (Cichorium intybus), plantain (Plantago lanceolata) or lotus (Lotus corniculatus). Lamb liveweight gains, fasted liveweights at slaughter and hot carcass weights tended to be highest on legumes and chicory and lowest on plantain and ryegrass. Greasy wool weights were significantly higher on lotus and white clover than on chicory, plantain and ryegrass. Greasy wool weight was significantly related to fasted liveweight (R2=0.94-0.99). Protein (%) in herbage accounted for 83-92% of the variability in animal performance; food intake accounted for 57-69% of the variability and was negatively correlated with hemicellulose and cellulose (R2=97.2 and 80.9%, respectively). Thus quality of feed was more important than intake alone in determining animal performance. Keywords: carcass weight, Cichorium intybus, greasy wool weight, intake, lamb performance, Lotus corniculatus, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens

scholarly journals Pasture species effects on carcass and meat quality

1996 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
T.J. Fraser ◽  
S.M. Scott ◽  
J.S. Rowarth
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Sheep Meat

Increasing concerns about food quality and animal fat in the human diet have promoted research into the effects of different forage species on carcass quality and fat content. This trial investigated the effect on carcass composition and the intensity of sheep meat flavour and odour of five different pure pasture species: Grasslands Lancelot plantain (Plantago lanceolata), Grasslands Puna chicory (Cichorium intybus), Grasslands Huia white clover (Trifolium repens), Grasslands Nui high-endophyte perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and Grasslands Goldie lotus (Lotus corniculatus). Although pasture species did affect meat quality and fat content, there appeared to be an inverse relationship with carcass weight: larger lambs had more fat, which was related to difference in body size and relative maturity rather that pasture species. Pasture species also influenced muscle ultimate pH, sheep meat odour, foreign odours, and flavours, but did not affect sheep meat flavour. Keywords: Cichorium intybus, meat flavour, Lolium perenne, Lotus corniculatus, meat odour, Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens

scholarly journals Seasonal dry matter production of Lotus corniculatus in a dryland commercial sheep pastoral system

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
C.A. Ramirez-Restrepo ◽  
P.D. Kemp ◽  
T.N. Barry ◽  
N. Lopezvillalobos
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Pastoral System ◽  
The North

Lotus corniculatus (Birdsfoot trefoil, 'Grassland Goldie') may have a role in dryland pastoral systems in New Zealand, but there is little information available on its production under sheep grazing in these conditions. Dry matter (DM) production of L. corniculatus was measured monthly for 2 consecutive years in a systems approach experiment comparing it with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)/white clover (Trifolium repens) pasture in the Wairarapa on the east coast of the North Island. The total DM produced for 2 years was 8.5 and 10.5 t /ha for L. corniculatus compared with 7.3 and 9.9 t /ha for pasture. Also, the moderate concentration of CT (18- 29 g/kg DM) in L. corniculatus has been shown to increase sheep productivity (Wang et al. 1996ab; Min et al. 1999, 2001). This production advantage, combined with improved sheep performance, supports the potential use of L. corniculatus as a specialist forage in dryland areas. Key words: condensed tannins, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, white clover, Trifolium repens, pasture.

Effect of sward surface height of mixed swards of ryegrass/white clover on the intake and performance by ewes and their twin lambs

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
R.J. Orr ◽  
P.D. Penning ◽  
A.J. Parsons ◽  
T.T. Treacher
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Grass Sward

Mixed swards of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. S23) and white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Huia) were maintained at sward surface heights (SSH) of 3 (GC3), 6 (GC6) and 9 cm (GC9) by continuous variable stocking to examine effects on sward and animal performance. In addition, a pure grass sward of S23 was kept at 6 cm (G6) and fertilized with 14 applications of 30 kg N per ha at fortnightly intervals, beginning on 25 March. The swards were sown in August 1983, cut twice in 1984, in May and June, and then grazed thereafter. Fertilizer was applied to the seedbed at 40 kg N per ha, 20 kg P205 per ha and 20 kg K20 per ha. In March 1984 and 1985, 20 kg per ha each of P205 and K2O were applied to all plots.Dry sheep grazed the paddocks (0.69 ha) to the required SSH's with grazing starting on 4 April, 9 April, 12 April and 24 April for treatments GC3, G6, GC6 and GC9, respectively. On 24 April, two days after lambing, core groups of 8 Scottish Halfbred ewes with twin lambs were put on the plots. Additional ewes, kept on swards similar to the treatment areas, were used to adjust the stocking rate to maintain the SSH's. These were measured three times each week with 200 readings per plot.

Ewe lamb diet selection on plantain (Plantago lanceolata) and on a herb and legume mix, including plantain, chicory (Cichorium intybus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and white clover (Trifolium repens)

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Cave ◽  
P. R. Kenyon ◽  
S. T. Morris ◽  
N. Lopez-Villalobos ◽  
P. D. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Ewe Lamb

The objective of Experiment 1 was to examine the diet selection and grazing preference of ewe lambs for plantain (Plantago lanceolata), chicory (Cichorium intybus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and white clover (Trifolium repens). This was examined in a herb and legume sward mix containing plantain, chicory, red clover and white clover between seasons under both hard- and lax-grazing. During early spring, the sward predominately comprised plantain (63%) and chicory (21%) and ewe lambs grazed a greater proportion (P < 0.05) of these species and displayed greater (P < 0.05) grazing preference for plantain and chicory ahead of red and white clover. From late spring onward, ewe lambs had a greater (P < 0.05) defoliation rate and a greater (P < 0.05) grazing preference for red clover than for all other species. This greater selection of red clover was particularly evident in summer and autumn when red clover made a greater (P < 0.05) contribution to the sward composition (8–9%) and the overall sward nutritive value dropped. This supports previous evidence, suggesting that diet selection is intrinsically affected by availability, access and palatability. The objective of Experiment 2 was to determine whether ewe lamb grazing behaviour during late summer was affected by time since a pure plantain sward was previously grazed. Ewe lambs were observed while grazing plantain of varying weeks since previous grazing (3, 6,10 or 16 weeks). Experiment 2 found no difference (P > 0.05) in the average number of ewe lambs grazing each sward of varying weeks since previous grazing. However, ewe lambs grazed the 3-week-old plantain growth to a lower (P < 0.05) post-grazing sward height than the height of the swards of greater number of weeks since previous grazing. Organic matter digestibility and metabolisable energy content did not differ (P > 0.05) among all swards, regardless of weeks since previous grazing. This suggests that the palatability of plantain is not affected by the time since it was last grazed.

Effects of grazing chicory (Cichorium intybus) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)/white clover (Trifolium repens) pasture upon the growth and voluntary feed intake of red and hybrid deer during lactation and post-weaning growth

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusmartono ◽  
T. N. Barry ◽  
P. R. Wilson ◽  
P. D. Kemp ◽  
K. J. Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Voluntary Feed Intake ◽  
Velvet Antler ◽  
Deer Grazing

SUMMARYTwo grazing trials were carried out at Palmerston North, New Zealand using lactating red deer hinds in summer 1994 (Expt 1) and using weaner deer during the autumn, winter and spring of 1993 (Expt 2), to compare the feeding value of chicory (Cichorium intybus) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)/white clover (Trifolium repens) pasture for increasing the growth of deer calves. Red deer and hybrid (0·25 elk; 0·75 red deer) calves were used in both experiments. Experiment 2 concluded with slaughter at the end of spring, when the deer were c. 12 months old. In both experiments, animals were rotationally grazed on either pasture or chicory with DM allowances being 12 kg DM/hind per day (Expt 1), and 6, 6 and 7 kg DM/head per day during autumn, winter and spring respectively (Expt 2).Perennial ryegrass comprised 62% of pasture on offer in Expt 1 and 78–90% in Expt 2, whilst chicory comprised 90–92% of forage on offer in both experiments. Relative to pasture, chicory had a higher ratio of readily fermentable: structural carbohydrate and had higher organic matter digestibility (OMD) in summer and autumn but not in spring.Deer grazing chicory had higher voluntary feed intake (VFI), bite weight, liveweight gain (LWG), carcass dressing percentage and carcass weight and much shorter ruminating time than deer grazing pasture. Hybrid deer grew better than red deer and there were forage × genotype interactions in Expt 2, with LWG and carcass weight of hybrid deer being much greater when grazed on chicory. Carcass weight for red deer and hybrid stags was 63·2 and 73·0 kg when grazed on chicory and 56·6 and 57·0 kg when grazed on pasture. Grazing chicory advanced the date of first-cut velvet antler by 28 days and increased the weight of total harvestable (first-cut + regrowth) velvet antler. It is concluded that grazing chicory increased carcass weight, especially in hybrid stags with increased growth potential, and increased velvet antler production. This was achieved by increased VFI in all seasons and increased OMD of chicory in summer and autumn relative to deer grazing pasture. Further research is need to determine the efficiency of rumination on particle size breakdown and to measure rumen outflow rate in deer fed chicory.

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