‘Artuswelt’ and ‘Gralwelt’: Shame Culture and Guilt Culture in ‘Parzival’

Traditio ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Joseph Szövérffy
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Shame Culture ◽  
The Middle Ages

‘To judge by the profusion of scholarly works that have appeared in the last two or three decades, Wolfram's Parzival has enjoyed an extraordinary popularity,’ says Henry Kratz in his recent book, which he calls ‘An attempt at a total evaluation.’ Wolfram's romance remains the center of interest, but any ‘total evaluation’ runs the risk that it will be considered only on certain levels of interpretation, in spite of the fact that literary works, especially those of the Middle Ages, often display a combination of interpretative levels which, though seemingly contradictory, still do not necessarily exclude one another.

scholarly journals The Parish Clergy of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: The Alexander Prize Essay, 1911–12

1912 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 89-128
Author(s):  
H. G. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Black Death ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Parish Clergy ◽  
Parish Priests ◽  
Prize Essay ◽  
The Middle Ages

Until the thirteenth century records touching the parish clergy are scanty, but thereafter they increase in bulk and, with the fourteenth century, there exist, side by side, a number of literary works which afford more than a passing glance at their lives and deeds. The parish priests and clerks of these centuries were not perhaps typical of the mediaeval period, since no century or centuries will afford a type of any class or institution which will be true for the whole of the Middle Ages; and it is possible that the tenthcentury parish and its people resembled the parish and people of the fourteenth century as little—or as much—as the Elizabethan parish resembled the parish of the present day. The changes that affected so profoundly the organisation of the manor during the course of the Middle Ages did not leave its counterpart, the parish, unaltered; and the same economic forces that helped to make the villein a copyholder and serfdom an anachronism, helped also to raise the chaplain's wages from five to eight marks within thirty years of the Black Death. But although the

The Significance of Shakespeare in Gabriel Josipovici’s Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Dan Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
The World ◽  
The Middle Ages

The present article seeks to analyse the place of Shakespeare’s work within the oeuvre of Gabriel Josipovici, starting with the latter’s first published critical book, The World and the Book, and ending with his most recent, Hamlet: Fold on Fold. In the early work Josipovici sought to establish a direct line between the Middle Ages and Modernism, yet Shakespeare was already a presence whose plays obliged that line to deviate. In his later critical work, such as On Trust, Shakespeare becomes one of the figures who allows Josipovici to exemplify clearly the crucial gap he wishes to explore between saying and doing. This gap is most fully explored in the recent book on Hamlet, where the protagonist is seen as the supreme literary example of what happens when the traditions governing doing have fallen away, leaving the character adrift in a sea of possibilities of utterance and action, none of which has the feel of necessity.

A Neglected Medieval Sidelight on the Greek Trireme

1971 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-287
Author(s):  
Michael Dolley
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Direct Descendant ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Middle Ages

In his recent book, Professor J. S. Morrison has brought to a happy conclusion a quarter of a century and more of inspired research into the problem of how the oars of a classical trireme were arranged. The essence of his solution of this perennial problem is that the fifth-century Athenian trireme had her oars and benches alike disposed at three different levels, each rower having his own oar, and each oar its separate thole set at a distance of feet, not inches, from its neighbours. The evidence is marshalled with such mastery that it may be thought unlikely that there will ever be any general recrudescence of the di (or al) scaloccio and a zenzile (or alle sensile) theories that were as fashionable once as they are seen now to have been unhistorical. In his inquiry, however, Professor Morrison has wisely confined himself to the ancient sources, and no more than touched upon the analogy of the Byzantine dromon, the direct descendant of the classical trireme and to some extent the parent of the a zenzile galley. Other protagonists, and notably Tarn, have been far from sharing his discretion, and there is still room perhaps for a brief note calling attention to the possibility that the dromon of the Middle Ages may shed indirect light upon the trireme of fifteen hundred years earlier.

Fragen zum tradierten Persönlichkeitsbild Wolframs von Eschenbach und seiner Wahrnehmung in Wagners "unvollendet" gebliebener Oper Tannhäuser und der Sängerkrieg auf Wartburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-386
Author(s):  
Ute Jung-Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Richard Wagner ◽  
Wolfram Von Eschenbach ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
The Middle Ages

Richard Wagner regarded his opera Tannhäuser and the Singer's Contest on the Wartburg as unfinished: Shortly before his death in 1883 he declared that "he still owed the world the Tannhäuser". His irritating confession, which lacks an explanation why he considered Tannhäuser incomplete, provides the starting point for studying Wagner's understanding of the dramatic effects, the function of the protagonists, as well as the differences between Wagner's literary sources in addition to variant traditions. Especially the iridescent and multi-layered reception of the figure of Wolfram von Eschenbach, which began already in the Middle Ages, makes it difficult to arrive at clearly defined answers. However, particularly aspects of Wolfram's self-stylizations in his literary works, opinions of his contemporaries, and compositional procedures in Wagner's writings and opera suggest that some of Wagner's intended corrections would have concerned Wolfram's person, image and inner intentions.

Calfurnio's Identification of Pseudepigrapha of Ognibene, Fenestella, and Trebizond, and His Attack on Renaissance Commentaries

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Monfasani
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Dionysius The Areopagite ◽  
Large Influence ◽  
Corpus Hermeticum ◽  
Pseudo Dionysius ◽  
The Middle Ages

Literary forgeries and pseudepigrapha have played an important role in Western culture since antiquity. One thinks of the large influence exercised in the Middle Ages and Renaissance by the writings of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, the Corpus Hermeticum, the Zohar, the Pseudo-Aristotelian Liber de causis, the Pseudo- Ciceronian Rhetorica ad Herennium, the correspondence between St. Paul and Seneca, and the vast sea of pseudonymous hagiographical literature. However, in the Renaissance the situation changed somewhat because printing did more than merely provide a new medium for the diffusion of pseudonymous literary works; it increased greatly the possibility of financial profit for the publishers, printers, and, eventually, authors of such works.

scholarly journals Western Philosophy and Theology in the Thirteenth Century

1918 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-432
Author(s):  
Maurice De Wulf
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Catholic Theology ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Current Definition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scholastic Philosophy ◽  
The Middle Ages

In regard to Western scholastic philosophy of the Middle Ages, every one repeats the laconic judgment, that it is “philosophy in the service, under the sway and direction, of Catholic theology.” It could be nothing else; and it seems that one has said everything after announcing this clear-cut formula. This current definition, susceptible of the most different meanings, is found on the first page of a recent book, published during the War, on the philosophy of the Middle Ages; and though the author gives a very mild interpretation of it, it is offered to the reader as an abridged thesis, in which one finds condensed all that is important to know on the subject. “Scholasticism is Philosophy placed at the service of already established ecclesiastical doctrine, or at least philosophy placed in such a dependence on this doctrine that it becomes an absolute Rule when both meet on common ground.”Now this current definition of scholastic philosophy in the Middle Ages defines it very badly, because it is a mixture of the true and the false, of accuracy and of inaccuracy. It must be distrusted, like those equivocal maxims which John Stuart Mill calls “sophisms of simple inspection,” which by force of repetition enjoy a kind of transeat or vogue in science without being questioned.

Enoch as Culture Hero

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Reeves ◽  
Annette Yoshiko Reed
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Weights And Measures ◽  
Curriculum Vitae ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
Book Culture

This chapter gathers together a wide variety of sources which call attention to the kinds of intellectual and cultural accomplishments which are assigned to Enoch within literary works authored by Jews, Christians, and Muslims from the pre-biblical era to the Middle Ages. These include summary statements outlining a type of curriculum vitae for Enoch as well as statements about more specific achievements thematically arranged under the following categories: astronomical, astrological, and calendrical discoveries; insights into cosmological arcana; the invention of writing and contributions to book culture; traditions about the manufacture of garments; the determination of standards for weights and measures; and discoveries and writings pertaining to medicine and pharmacology.

Women in the Crestià of Francesc Eiximenis Revisited

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-117
Author(s):  
Jordi Piqué-Angordans ◽  
David Viera
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Good Works ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Catalan Literature ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
The Middle Ages

AbstractNineteenth and early twentieth-century criticism oftentimes tended to lump literary works on the topic of women from the middle ages and early modern times as either essentially misogynist or feminist. Moral-didactic works that often fluctuated between antifeminist and profeminist opinion were often categorized as misogynist, akin to works such as Boccaccio's Corbaccio. This is the case of Francesc Eiximenis' Catalan literature, written for the most part in València. The authors of this study analyzed Eiximenis' views on women, for the most part taken from biblical, patristic, scholastic, and canonical sources, and found within his writings various contradictions. In this study, Eiximenis emerges as one who readily cited antifeminist literature, but who also defended women, whom he views as weaker than men, but equally if not more capable of being devout, performing good works, and most importantly, worthy of salvation.

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