11. On the Chemical Composition of the Water composing the Clyde Sea Area

1888 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
Adam Dickie
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Freshwater Stream ◽  
Marine Station ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

About the beginning of this year I was requested by a sub-committee of the Government Grant Committee* to determine some of the components of a series of samples of sea water, which were to be collected during the year at various parts and at different times in the Clyde sea area by the observers of the Scottish Marine Station. The collections were chiefly made under the immediate direction of Dr H. E. Mill. Since January, accordingly, I have been working at this, and have completed in all eighty-nine analyses, the results of which I now take the liberty of placing before this Society. There are various reasons why this paper should consist of little more than tables of results, one of which is that, having little or no experience in the science of oceanography, it would be presumptuous in me to draw conclusions from my results which would no doubt strike any one acquainted with that science at once. Another reason is that, though acquainted with some of the physical conditions under which the samples were taken, such as depth, temperature, place of collection, and date, I am quite ignorant of other conditions quite as important, if not more so, in my estimation, as, for instance, presence or absence of some freshwater stream near place of collection, state of tide, raiafall, 'c,—all conditions which would no doubt influence more or less materially the salinity of the water.

scholarly journals XXIII.—The Clyde Sea Area

1892 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Robert Mill
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
Experimental Physics ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
Marine Station ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

The fjord-like inlets or sea-lochs which form so conspicuous a feature in the scenery of the west of Scotland stand in marked contrast to the shallow, low-shored firths of the east coast. When Dr John Murray decided to extend the physical and biological work of the Scottish Marine Station to the west coast he foresaw that many interesting conclusions were likely to be derived from the study of these isolated sea-basins. Various papers, published by him and other workers, contain preliminary discussions of many of the phenomena observed, fully justifying the anticipations which had been formed.For one year my work, as described in this paper, was carried out under the provisions of an Elective Fellowship in Experimental Physics of the University of Edinburgh, to which I had been elected in 1886; and subsequently by a personal grant from the Government Grant Committee for Scientific Research. The Committee also devoted several sums of money in payment of expenses in compiling this discussion. The Scottish Marine Station throughout gave the use of the steam-yacht “Medusa,” and the necessary apparatus.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the British species of Nucula and Nuculana

1954 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Faecal Pellets ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marine Station ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

The survey of the sublittoral fauna of the Clyde Sea Area from 1949 onwards has shown that five species of the Protobranchiata are abundant throughout this region on a variety of substrata. Pelseneer (1891, 1899, 1911), Heath (1937), and Yonge (1939) have contributed much to the knowledge of the group as a whole, but little comparative work has been done at species level. Verrill & Bush (1897, 1898) studied the shell characters of the American Atlantic species. Moore (1931 a, b) worked on the faecal pellets of the British Nuculidae and attempted to distinguish the species by this means, while Winckworth (1930,1931), mainly in the light of the latter work, attempted to clarify the nomenclature of these species. Winckworth (1932) lists six British species of the family Nuculidae: Nucula sulcata Bronn, N. nucleus (Linné), N. hanleyi Winckworth, N. turgida Leckenby & Marshall, N. moorei Winckworth and N. tenuis (Montagu); and four species of the family Nuculanidae: Nuculana minuta (Müller), Yoldiella lucida (Loven), Y. tomlini Winckworth and Phaseolus pusillus (Jeffreys). All species of Nucula, except N. hanleyi, were taken from the Clyde Sea Area, although the latter species is included in the Clyde fauna list (Scott Elliot, Laurie & Murdoch, 1901). Only Nuculana minuta of the Nuculanidae has been taken on the present survey. Yoldiella tomlini is included in the 1901 list but is noted as being ‘insufficiently attested’. Nucula hanleyi was obtained from the Marine Station, Port Erin, but Yoldiella and Phaseolus were unobtainable.

scholarly journals Physical Conditions of the Clyde Sea Area

1894 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Hugh Robert Mill
Keyword(s):  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

scholarly journals The Muds of the Clyde Sea Area. III. Chemical and Physical Conditions; Rate and Nature of Sedimentation; and Fauna

1931 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary B. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphate Content ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

A Preliminary survey of the area with regard to the distribution of the total nitrogen and phosphate content of the muds was described in a previous paper (Moore, 5). A number of stations were worked, and these were further examined for nature and distribution of particles, water content, and density, and as a result of this survey certain stations were chosen as suitable for more extensive work. At the same time it became evident that the layers in which the greatest and most important changes were taking place were those within a few centimetres of the surface, and these were therefore studied most intensively.

I.—The Clyde Sea Area

1897 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Robert Mill
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
The Many ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Definite Result

The first two parts of this paper—Physical Geography and Salinity—were communicated to the Society on May 18th, 1891, and published in the Transactions, Vol. XXXVI, Part III., No. 23, pp. 641–729.Various circumstances have prevented me from sooner presenting the concluding part of the discussion. I postponed publication again and again, in the hope that it might be possible to discuss the results more thoroughly, and deduce from them more clearly than I have been able to do the laws which regulate the heat-transactions of sea-water of varying salinity, contained in basins of differing degrees of isolation from the circulation of the ocean. At length the conclusion has been arrived at that the observations are not sufficiently uniform, regular, and close to warrant the expenditure of the time devoted to their discussion. Many months of work have been occupied in proving that some special manner of classifying and treating the data led to no definite result. Thus, it is unnecessary to describe several series of voluminous calculations, or to bring forward a great number of maps and sections on which the distribution of temperature was plotted in different ways. It is difficult to establish theoretical conclusions of a general and far-reaching kind from my work, and I have not attempted to compare it with the many memoirs published in continental journals, on the temperature of lakes, fjords, and enclosed seas.

On the Nutrition and Metabolism of Zooplankton IX. Studies Relating to the Nutrition of Over-Wintering Calanus

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. S. Corner ◽  
R. N. Head ◽  
C. C. Kilvington ◽  
S. M. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Particulate Nitrogen ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Calanus Helgolandicus

Studies were made relating to the problem of how Calanus feeds during winter in the Clyde sea-area. Different diets were assessed in terms of sustaining the levels of body nitrogen and phosphorus in Calanus helgolandicus (Claus) over a period of several days. The test diets, all equivalent to the same level of particulate nitrogen in sea water, were: (1) suspended matter collected from the Clyde sea-area in winter; (2) particulate material produced in a foam-tower by bubbling sea water enriched with soluble extracts of plant cells; (3) living nauplii of the barnacle Elminius modestus Darwin; (4) dead nauplii of this species.It was found that neither body nitrogen nor body phosphorus was sustained by diet 1; that body nitrogen, but not body phosphorus, was sustained by diet 2; that both were sustained by either of diets 3 and 4.With living Elminius nauplii as the food, each Calanus captured the equivalent of 25 % of its body nitrogen and 47·3 % of its body phosphorus daily: with dead nauplii as the food the corresponding values were 34·4 and 44·5%. These rations are much higher than those found in an earlier study of Calanus grazing on a spring diatom increase in the Clyde (Butler, Corner & Marshall, 1970) and demonstrate that animal diets are readily captured.In general, the results indicate that Calanus could survive the winter in the Clyde sea-area by feeding carnivorously.

2. On the Chemical Composition of the Water composing the Clyde Sea Area. Part II

1889 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
Adam Dickie
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

This is merely the concluding portion of the tables attached to a paper which was formerly communicated to the Society by Dr Murray, and which is printed in your last Part of Proceedings. I need only state that the same methods described in that paper were used in these analyses, of which the accompanying tables give the results:

V.—On the Fynnon Beuno and Cae Gwyn Bone Caves, North Wales

1885 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 510-513
Author(s):  
H. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
East Side ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
North Wales ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
Clear Idea

In the Proceedings of the Geol. Assoc. vol. ix. No. 1, I have given an account of the discovery of two Bone-caves in the Carboniferous rocks on the east side of the Vale of Clwyd, N. Wales, and of the researches carried on in those caverns by Mr. E. Bouverie Luxmoore, of St. Asaph, and myself in the summers of 1883 and 1884. This summer, by the aid of a grant from the Royal Society (the Government Grant), we were enabled to employ a staff of workmen, under our personal supervision, to explore these caverns more thoroughly and with very satisfactory results. Our main object was to gain a clear idea of the physical conditions of the area when the caverns were filled with the deposits, and of the manner in which the remains had been conveyed into them. These points we think we have been able to prove to satisfaction, but it may be advisable to continue the researches for the purpose of obtaining as much confirmatory evidence as possible.

V.—The Weight and Chemical Composition of Euchœta norvegica, Boeck

1935 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Important Constituent

Euchœta norvegica has been found to be an important constituent of the food of the American pollack (Willey, 1921), and Bigelow (1926) expresses the opinion that it may form an important part of the food of mackerel and herring in the Gulf of Maine. In Loch Fyne in the Clyde sea-area, where Euchœta occurs in abundance at certain times of the year, it has never been found in the stomachs of herring (Scott, 1907). This is surprising for, as Scott remarks, Euchœta is “rich in oily matter, and apparently is of as much value as Calanus for herring food.” Macdonald (1927), however, has found that adult Meganyctiphanes norvegica feed on Euchœta, so, indirectly at least, it contributes to the food of the herring.

scholarly journals XXIV.—On the Thermal Conductivity of Iron, Copper, and German Silver

1888 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Crichton Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant

Shortly after I read to the Society my paper on “Thermal and Electric Conductivity” (Trans. R. S. E., 1878), in which I stated that the results were “by no means final, even so far as my own work is concerned,” I was requested by Sir Wyville Thomson to undertake the examination of the “Pressure Errors of the ‘Challenger’ Thermometers.” This investigation led to another on the “Compression of Sea-Water,” and allied subjects, which is not yet finished. Meanwhile, though I had prepared everything for my promised repetition of the experiments on Thermal Conductivity, the bars formerly used having been nickelised, &c, I found that it would be impossible for me to carry out the investigation. I therefore asked Mr Mitchell, who, as Neil-Arnott Scholar, had already done good and careful work on Thermal Conductivity in my Laboratory, to repeat the experiments under the altered conditions. I put at his disposal all the apparatus which was employed in the former research. The Government Grant Committee allowed a sum for the payment of a computer to reduce the results, and the observations were at once commenced. The results are now laid before the Society, and are probably as good as the method and the thermometers employed can furnish.

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