Transforming reef fisheries management: application of an ecosystem-based approach in the USA Caribbean

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD S. APPELDOORN
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

SUMMARYFisheries in Puerto Rico and the United States (US) Virgin Islands are predominately dependent on nearshore coral reef ecosystems and have suffered from historical overfishing. The unique characteristics of reef fisheries, including strong habitat dependence, susceptibility to coastal impacts, diffuse landing sites and strong multispecies and multigear interactions suggest that standard approaches to fisheries management, especially those typically considered by the US Regional Fishery Management Councils, would not be applicable. Current management authority is split between local and federal agencies; however, there exists no uniform context and direction to current management initiatives, which results in lost efficiencies and opportunities. Proposed here is a new vision for fisheries management that takes into consideration the local ecological and socioeconomic characteristics of fishing, is compatible with regional resources and capacity, is ecosystem based and targets full stakeholder participation. Only an ecosystem-based approach can lead fisheries management out of the trap of unrealistic data collection and analysis demands, while at the same time refocusing emphasis away from attitudes and practices that promote overfishing. Management must be based on first principles regarding the desired state of the ecosystem and initiate strategies based on these principles. The key management goal is not to maximize fisheries catch, but to maintain the ecosystem in a state that will lead to sustained production. First principles would include maintaining ecosystem integrity and function, protecting all habitats and water quality, applying the precautionary approach, monitoring reference points and recognizing that production has limits. Resulting management tactics include marine reserves (to meet multiple goals), closed spawning aggregations, gear restrictions to maintain trophic balance and habitats, targeted data collection and assessments, adopting co-management practices and using ecosystem or community-based metrics. Fisheries management must fully incorporate the tools, resources and methods available within coastal zone management and other environmental agencies, while standards within those programmes must protect ecosystem health. Implementation will require attending to structural barriers inherent within existing fisheries legislation and regulations, multiple jurisdictions and the current cultures of scientists, managers and fisherfolk. Initial efforts should focus on developing a common language and frame of reference for all stakeholders.

scholarly journals It’s Not the Destination, It’s the Journey: Multispecies Model Ensembles for Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. P. Reum ◽  
Howard Townsend ◽  
Sarah Gaichas ◽  
Skyler Sagarese ◽  
Isaac C. Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Model Uncertainty ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Atlantic Menhaden ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Multispecies Model ◽  
Model Ensembles

As ecosystem-based fisheries management becomes more ingrained into the way fisheries agencies do business, a need for ecosystem and multispecies models arises. Yet ecosystems are complex, and model uncertainty can be large. Model ensembles have historically been used in other disciplines to address model uncertainty. To understand the benefits and limitations of multispecies model ensembles (MMEs), cases where they have been used in the United States to address fisheries management issues are reviewed. The cases include: (1) development of ecological reference points for Atlantic Menhaden, (2) the creation of time series to relate harmful algal blooms to grouper mortality in the Gulf of Mexico, and (3) fostering understanding of the role of forage fish in the California Current. Each case study briefly reviews the management issue, the models used and model synthesis approach taken, and the outcomes and lessons learned from the application of MMEs. Major conclusions drawn from these studies highlight how the act of developing an ensemble model suite can improve the credibility of multispecies models, how qualitative synthesis of projections can advance system understanding and build confidence in the absence of quantitative treatments, and how involving a diverse set of stakeholders early is useful for ensuring the utility of the models and ensemble. Procedures for review and uptake of information from single-species stock assessment models are well established, but the absence of well-defined procedures for MMEs in many fishery management decision-making bodies poses a major obstacle. The benefits and issues identified here should help accelerate the design, implementation, and utility of MMEs in applied fisheries contexts.

Optimal shape of the harvest control rule for different fishery management objectives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsunori Yagi ◽  
Takashi Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Optimal Shape ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Control Rule ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Harvest Control Rule ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Average Catch ◽  
Stock Collapse

Abstract To determine the optimal shape of the harvest control rule (HCR) achieving common fisheries management objectives (maximizing the average catch, reducing the deviation of yields, and avoiding stock collapse) and ensure robustness to observation errors, we estimate the optimal values of biological reference points (BRPs) composing the HCR. While traditional HCRs usually consist of three BRPs based on the fishing mortality coefficient (F3-HCR), we introduce an alternative HCR defined by 21 BRPs based on the catch levels (C21-HCR) to cover various possible shapes of HCR including smooth ones. We compare the shape and the performance between the optimal C21-HCR and the optimal F3-HCR and conclude that the optimal HCR can be composed of the gradual combination of the basic strategies: the constant escapement strategy, the constant harvest rate (CHR) strategy, and the constant catch strategy. However, the current F3-HCR does not necessarily allow this combination and generally returns lower performance levels than the optimal C21-HCR (since the basic strategy is confined to CHR) excluding the range of low biomass. This result will provide a clear perspective to improve HCR according to the magnitude of assessment errors and to compromise multiple fisheries management objectives when various stakeholders are involved.

scholarly journals KAJIAN EKSTERNALITAS DAN KEBERLANJUTAN PERIKANAN DI PERAIRAN WADUK JATILUHUR

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Sonny Koeshendrajana ◽  
Rizki Aprilian Wijaya ◽  
Fatriyandi Nur Priyatna ◽  
Pujoyuwono Martosuyono ◽  
Sutrisno Sukimin
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Management Pattern ◽  
Policy And Strategy

Eksternalitas dapat diartikan sebagai dampak dari suatu kegiatan tertentu terhadap kegiatan lainnya. Dalam konteks pengelolaan sumberdaya perairan, eksternalitas sangat penting diketahui mengingat hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan terjadinya alokasi pemanfaatan sumberdaya yang tidak efisien dan selanjutnya mempengaruhi kinerja keberlanjutan pemanfaatannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian bertujuan mengkaji eksternalitas dan status keberlanjutan perikanan pada sumberdaya perairan waduk di waduk Jatiluhur. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama bulan Juli-Desember 2009. Secara spesifik, kegiatan penelitian difokuskan untuk mendapatkan data dinamika pengelolaan perikanan, eksternalitas dan status keberlanjutan pola pengelolaan perikanannya. Studi kasus digunakan pada penelitian ini. Data primer diperoleh melalui survei lapang dan data sekunder diperoleh melalui penelusuran dan kajian literatur terkait topik penelitian. Metoda analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan tabulatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menyajikan gambaran dinamika pengelolaan perikanan yang ada. Eksternalitas dan status keberlanjutan pola pengelolaan perikanan yang ada dieksplorasi berdasarkan lima pelaku pemanfaat yang teridentifikasi, yaitu perikanan tangkap, perikanan budidaya, wisata pemancingan, transportasi dan manajemen waduk. Keberlanjutan bagi pemanfaatan perikanan waduk dapat terjamin apabila pelaku usaha melakukan optimalisasi sesuai dengan daya dukung perairan bagi perikanan budidaya dan menjalankan pilihan pengelolaan perikanan tangkap dalam bentuk penerapan alat dan metoda penangkapan yang ramah lingkungan, penebaran ikan yang dapat memanfaatkan kesuburan perairan. Hasil kajian dapat digunakan oleh otoritas pengelola waduk sebagai rujukan bagi rumusan kebijakan pengelolaan perikanan di waduk Jatiluhur. Tittle: Externality and Sustainablity of Fisheries in the Jatiluhur ReservoirExternality can be defined as an impact of a certain activity to other activity. In the context of fisheries resource management, externality is important to understand due to its impact on in-efficiency resource allocation, and hence, affecting to the sustainable use of the resource. Therefore, research aimed at exploring externalities and sustainability status of fisheries in the Jatiluhur reservoir was carried out during July – December 2009. Specifically, the research was focused to find the dynamic pattern of fisheries related activities, externalities and sustainability status of the fisheries management pattern. Case study method was used in this study. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Primary data were collected through field survey while secondary data were collected through literatures review on the relatedtopic of the study. Analyses were carried out descriptively both qualitative and tabulative data and information. Results of the study show dynamic illustration of the fisheries management practices in the Jatiluhur reservoir resource. Externalities and sustainability status of fisheries management pattern were explored based on five players being identified, namely capture fishery, aquaculture, sport fishing, transportation and reservoir management. Sustainability of each activity could be maintained if fish farmers operate cage culture optimally in accordance with the carrying capacity of the resource while fishery management implements the appropriated fishing gears and methods as well as stocking recommended species of fish to utilize the abundance of natural food. The results can be used by management authority as a basis for formulating policy and strategy fisheries management practice in the Jatiluhur reservoir.

From Protest to Participation? Environmental Groups and The Management of Marine Fisheries

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Kristian Hernes ◽  
Knut Mikalsen
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Environmental Action ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Current Management ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World

With most of the world's fisheries in a state of crisis, environmental groups have started to take a keen interest in the management of marine resources. As initiatives of a more official stripe, such as the UN Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, have strengthened the case for environmental action, several groups and organizations have launched political campaigns against current management practices. This article analyzes the fisheries campaigns of three major environmental organizations: Greenpeace International, the World Wide Fund for Nature and Friends of the Earth, Norway. What are the objectives and concerns of these groups and how do they "translate" into strategies and action? Judging from the cases reported in this article, environmental action in the fisheries bears little resemblance to earlier crusades against whaling and sealing. The commitment to sustainable and responsible fishing, even among industry representatives, represents a significant change iin the opportunity structure of environmental groups—strengthening their legitimacy as stakeholders in fisheries management. The outcome, as for the organization and orchestration of fisheries campaigns, is a stronger emphasis on cooperation and participation—at the expense of direct and disruptive action.

Ecosystem-based fisheries management: some practical suggestions

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J Marasco ◽  
Daniel Goodman ◽  
Churchill B Grimes ◽  
Peter W Lawson ◽  
Andre E Punt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Transition Modeling ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management

Globally, there is increased scientific and public interest in the concept of ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). This trend is fueled by a widespread perception that large-scale fishing operations are powerful forces altering the structure and function of marine ecosystems. It is acknowledged that management needs to better account for variations in ocean productivity, stock structure, and changing social values. Many countries are contemplating how to improve ocean fishery management. In the United States, fishery management bodies are experiencing pressure to undertake the daunting task of moving from their current single-species management plans to EBFM. Impediments include lack of a clear definition of EBFM, what it entails, or how to proceed. In this paper, characteristics of fishery management that are unique to EBFM are identified. The transition to EBFM needs to be evolutionary rather than revolutionary. A course of action is outlined that can be used to guide this transition. Modeling approaches and metrics useful for planning, implementing, and evaluating EBFM are discussed, with particular emphasis on management strategy evaluation.

Strategies to improve implementation of adaptive management practices for restoration in coastal Louisiana

Shore & Beach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Tim Carruthers ◽  
Richard Raynie ◽  
Alyssa Dausman ◽  
Syed Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Coastal Restoration ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Coastal Louisiana ◽  
Restoration Effort

Natural resources of coastal Louisiana support the economies of Louisiana and the whole of the United States. However, future conditions of coastal Louisiana are highly uncertain due to the dynamic processes of the Mississippi River delta, unpredictable storm events, subsidence, sea level rise, increasing temperatures, and extensive historic management actions that have altered natural coastal processes. To address these concerns, a centralized state agency was formed to coordinate coastal protection and restoration effort, the Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA). This promoted knowledge centralization and supported informal adaptive management for restoration efforts, at that time mostly funded through the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA). Since the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in 2010 and the subsequent settlement, the majority of restoration funding for the next 15 years will come through one of the DWH mechanisms; Natural Resource and Damage Assessment (NRDA), the RESTORE Council, or National Fish and Wildlife Foundation –Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund (NFWF-GEBF). This has greatly increased restoration effort and increased governance complexity associated with project funding, implementation, and reporting. As a result, there is enhanced impetus to formalize and unify adaptive management processes for coastal restoration in Louisiana. Through synthesis of input from local coastal managers, historical and current processes for project and programmatic implementation and adaptive management were summarized. Key gaps and needs to specifically increase implementation of adaptive management within the Louisiana coastal restoration community were identified and developed into eight tangible and specific recommendations. These were to streamline governance through increased coordination amongst implementing entities, develop a discoverable and practical lessons learned and decision database, coordinate ecosystem reporting, identify commonality of restoration goals, develop a common cross-agency adaptive management handbook for all personnel, improve communication (both in-reach and outreach), have a common repository and clearing house for numerical models used for restoration planning and assessment, and expand approaches for two-way stakeholder engagement throughout the restoration process. A common vision and maximizing synergies between entities can improve adaptive management implementation to maximize ecosystem and community benefits of restoration effort in coastal Louisiana. This work adds to current knowledge by providing specific strategies and recommendations, based upon extensive engagement with restoration practitioners from multiple state and federal agencies. Addressing these practitioner-identified gaps and needs will improve engagement in adaptive management in coastal Louisiana, a large geographic area with high restoration implementation within a complex governance framework.

THE NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT OF COST MANAGEMENT AMONG EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY U.S. TEXITLE MANUFACTURERS

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Textile Mills

Several authors have suggested that a particular managerial component was needed before cost accounting could be fully used for accountability and disciplinary purposes. They argue that the marriage of managerialism and accounting first occurred in the United States at the Springfield Armory after 1840. They generally downplay the quality and usefulness of cost accounting at the New England textile mills before that time and call for a re-examination of original mill records from a disciplinary perspective. This paper reports the results of such a re-examination. It initially describes the social and economic environment of U.S. textile manufacturing in New England in the early nineteenth century. Selected cost memos and reports are described and analyzed to indicate the nature and scope of costing undertaken at the mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, in the late 1820s and early 1830s. The paper discusses how particular cost information was used and speculates why certain more modern procedures were not adopted. Its major finding is that cost management practices fully measured up to the business complexities, economic pressures, and social forces of the day.

scholarly journals The Current Management of Hepatorenal Syndrome‐Acute Kidney Injury in the United States and the Potential of Terlipressin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Flamm ◽  
Kimberly Brown ◽  
Hani M. Wadei ◽  
Robert S. Brown ◽  
Marcelo Kugelmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Hepatorenal Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Management
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