Freeze-etch TEM of aqueous polymer gel network morphology

Author(s):  
J. A. N. Zasadzinski ◽  
R. K. Prud'homme

The rheological and mechanical properties of crosslinked polymer gels arise from the structure of the gel network. In turn, the structure of the gel network results from: thermodynamically determined interactions between the polymer chain segments, the interactions of the crosslinking metal ion with the polymer, and the deformation history of the network. Interpretations of mechanical and rheological measurements on polymer gels invariably begin with a conceptual model of,the microstructure of the gel network derived from polymer kinetic theory. In the present work, we use freeze-etch replication TEM to image the polymer network morphology of titanium crosslinked hydroxypropyl guars in an attempt to directly relate macroscopic phenomena with network structure.

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH A.N. ZASADZINSKI ◽  
JEFFREY KRAMER ◽  
ALICE CHU ◽  
ROBERT K. PRUD'HOMME

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Bonaccorsl ◽  
P. Albonico ◽  
R. Pappa ◽  
Thomas P. Lockhart

2009 ◽  
Vol 87-88 ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yu Hu ◽  
Ying Bo Chen

Chemical crosslinker polymer gels were synthesized in situ polymerization of monomers in solvents with crosslinkers. Results showed that the solvent content of the polymer gels depended on the types of solvents and polymers as well as the crosslinkers. The adsorption ability to aromatic organic molecules of the polymer gels was measured by treating tryptophan solution containing phenol and pyrene aqueous solution. The aromatic compounds can be removed completely and no further pollution to the original solutions.


Author(s):  
Adam A. Garde ◽  
Brian Chadwick ◽  
John Grocott ◽  
Cees Swager

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Garde, A. A., Chadwick, B., Grocott, J., & Swager, C. (1997). Metasedimentary rocks, intrusions and deformation history in the south-east part of the c. 1800 Ma Ketilidian orogen, South Greenland: Project SUPRASYD 1996. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 176, 60-65. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v176.5063 _______________ The south-east part of the c. 1800 Ma Ketilidian orogen in South Greenland (Allaart, 1976) is dominated by strongly deformed and variably migmatised metasedimentary rocks known as the ‘Psammite and Pelite Zones’ (Chadwick & Garde, 1996); the sediments were mainly derived from the evolving Julianehåb batholith which dominates the central part of the orogen. The main purpose of the present contribution is to outline the deformational history of the Psammite Zone in the region between Lindenow Fjord and Kangerluluk (Fig. 2), investigated in 1994 and 1996 as part of the SUPRASYD project (Garde & Schønwandt, 1995 and references therein; Chadwick et al., in press). The Lindenow Fjord region has high alpine relief and extensive ice and glacier cover, and the fjords are regularly blocked by sea ice. Early studies of this part of the orogen were by boat reconnaissance (Andrews et al., 1971, 1973); extensive helicopter support in the summers of 1992 and 1994 made access to the inner fjord regions and nunataks possible for the first time.A preliminary geological map covering part of the area between Lindenow Fjord and Kangerluluk was published by Swager et al. (1995). Hamilton et al. (1996) have addressed the timing of sedimentation and deformation in the Psammite Zone by means of precise zircon U-Pb geochronology. However, major problems regarding the correlation of individual deformational events and their relationship with the evolution of the Julianehåb batholith were not resolved until the field work in 1996. The SUPRASYD field party in 1996 (Fig. 1) was based at the telestation of Prins Christian Sund some 50 km south of the working area (Fig. 2). In addition to base camp personnel, helicopter crew and the four authors, the party consisted of five geologists and M.Sc. students studying mafic igneous rocks and their mineralisation in selected areas (Stendal et al., 1997), and a geologist investigating rust zones and areas with known gold anomalies.


Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Aurélie Labeur ◽  
Nicolas E. Beaudoin ◽  
Olivier Lacombe ◽  
Laurent Emmanuel ◽  
Lorenzo Petracchini ◽  
...  

Unravelling the burial-deformation history of sedimentary rocks is prerequisite information to understand the regional tectonic, sedimentary, thermal, and fluid-flow evolution of foreland basins. We use a combination of microstructural analysis, stylolites paleopiezometry, and paleofluid geochemistry to reconstruct the burial-deformation history of the Meso-Cenozoic carbonate sequence of the Cingoli Anticline (Northern Apennines, central Italy). Four major sets of mesostructures were linked to the regional deformation sequence: (i) pre-folding foreland flexure/forebulge; (ii) fold-scale layer-parallel shortening under a N045 σ1; (iii) syn-folding curvature of which the variable trend between the north and the south of the anticline is consistent with the arcuate shape of the anticline; (iv) the late stage of fold tightening. The maximum depth experienced by the strata prior to contraction, up to 1850 m, was quantified by sedimentary stylolite paleopiezometry and projected on the reconstructed burial curve to assess the timing of the contraction. As isotope geochemistry points towards fluid precipitation at thermal equilibrium, the carbonate clumped isotope thermometry (Δ47) considered for each fracture set yields the absolute timing of the development and exhumation of the Cingoli Anticline: layer-parallel shortening occurred from ~6.3 to 5.8 Ma, followed by fold growth that lasted from ~5.8 to 3.9 Ma.


Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (22) ◽  
pp. 4467-4475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Bacca ◽  
Omar A. Saleh ◽  
Robert M. McMeeking

We propose a theory based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe the mechanical behavior of an active polymer gel created by the inclusion of molecular motors in its solvent.


2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanzhong Li ◽  
Guochun Zhao ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
Zongzhu Han ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
...  

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