Two-year study of the use of neuroimaging in a psychiatric inpatients unit

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-152
Author(s):  
Tolulope Alugo ◽  
Johnson Badejo ◽  
Peter Whitty
Keyword(s):  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Meath Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Case Note Review ◽  
Ct And Mri

AbstractObjectives: Neuroimaging is being used increasingly in the investigation of psychiatric disorders. Previous studies have found abnormalities in about two-thirds of all scans done in psychiatry. The aim of our study was to investigate the use of CT and MRI in the management of inpatients in psychiatry department Adelaide & Meath hospital, Tallaght and to examine the relationship between diagnosis and abnormalities seen on scans.Method: We did a two-year retrospective study of all inpatient referrals for CT scans/MRI scans. A case note review of bio-demographic data, diagnosis, relevant medical history, substance misuse history, indication for tests and results of scans was done. We found that 66 CTs and MRI scans were done over the study period.Results: Fourteen (21%) of the scans had abnormal results which were mostly atrophic changes. Of the 14 abnormal scans, seven had abnormal findings on neurological examination. We found a lower number of abnormal scans compared to previous studies.Conclusions: Radiological abnormalities were not disease specific. We wish to propose guidelines on the indications for using neuroimaging in psychiatric patients.

scholarly journals Characteristics of patients admitted to in-patient psychiatric care following parasuicide

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 695-698
Author(s):  
Polash Shajahan ◽  
Katharine Logan ◽  
George Masterton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Stress Reaction ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Acute Stress Reaction ◽  
Case Note Review ◽  
Psychiatric Outcome

Parasuicide referrals and subsequent transfers to psychiatric in-patient care were recorded for January to April, 1972 to 1996. Information regarding the psychiatric outcome of transfers for the years 1985, 1990 and 1994 was obtained by case note review. Parasuicide referrals show a decline from 1972 to 1990 but they have more than doubled since then. Referrals transferred to in-patient psychiatric care fell from 10.7 to 2.8% during 1985 to 1994. Fewer patients with acute stress reaction, adjustment disorder, personality disorder and substance misuse are being transferred. Transfers of patients with ‘severe mental illness' have remained constant.

Handshaking, Personality, and Psychopathology in Psychiatric Patients, a Reliability and Correlational Study

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1171-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan åström ◽  
Lars-Håkan Thorell ◽  
Ulla Holmlund ◽  
Giacomo D'Elia
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Satisfactory Analysis ◽  
Social Introversion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Palmar Skin

A study of 29 psychiatric inpatients was performed to investigate the relation of handshaking variables (anatomical and physiological variables) with demographic data, personality traits, psychosocial functioning, and clinical diagnoses. Two psychologists rated patients' handshaking independently of each other according to four variables on an ordinal scale of five steps. The interrater reliability was satisfactory. Analysis showed that the handshaking procedure may in fact give some information about the personality make-up of the patients, most clearly through the relationship between low temperature and humidity of the palmar skin and social introversion, depression, and tendency towards symptom enhancement mainly in women. The handshaking procedure did not seem informative about psychosocial functioning and clinical diagnoses.

scholarly journals Functional Connectivity in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingguang Wang ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Dinghua Liu ◽  
Bojun Han ◽  
Qitao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Cognition

Abstract Background: To explore the alteration of pattens of anatomical and functional connectivity (FC) of posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with cognitive dysfunction and the relationship between the connection strengths and cognitive state．Methods: We prospectively enrolled 20 PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), 13 PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC) and 13 healthy controls (HCs). All subjects underwent clinical evaluations and MRI scans. By collecting, preprocessing and FC analyzing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data, we extracted default mode network (DMN) patterns, compared the differences in DMN between the three groups and the analyzed the correlation between FC value with the commonly used neuropsychological testing.Results: There were not significant differences with regard to demographic data among the three groups. The PD-MCI showed significant worse performances in general cognition, and PD-NC and HCs showed comparable performances of cognitive function. Cognitive-related differences in DMN were detected in the bilateral precuneus (BPcu). Compared with the HCs, PD-NC and PD-MCI showed significantly decreased FC within BPcu (both P < 0.001). For PD-MCI, the rho of the the Fisher’s Z-transformed FC (zFC) value within BPcu with the TMTA, DSST and CFT-20min were − 0.50, 0.66 and 0.47, respectively. For PD-NC, the rho of the zFC value within BPcu with the MMSE was 0.58.Conclusions: Our research found that BPcu was the cognitive related region in DMN. As cognition declines, FC within BPcu weaken. For PD-MCI, the higher the FC values within BPcu were related to the better the performances of TMTA, DSST and CFT-20 min DR. For PD patients with normal cognition, the FC within BPcu were positively correlated with scores of MMSE.

scholarly journals Access to care and frequency of detransition among a cohort discharged by a UK national adult gender identity clinic: retrospective case-note review

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hall ◽  
L. Mitchell ◽  
J. Sachdeva
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Case Note Review

Background UK adult gender identity clinics (GICs) are implementing a new streamlined service model. However, there is minimal evidence from these services underpinning this. It is also unknown how many service users subsequently ‘detransition’. Aims To describe service users’ access to care and patterns of service use, specifically, interventions accessed, reasons for discharge and re-referrals; to identify factors associated with access; and to quantify ‘detransitioning’. Method A retrospective case-note review was performed as a service evaluation for 175 service users consecutively discharged by a tertiary National Health Service adult GIC between 1 September 2017 and 31 August 2018. Descriptive statistics were used for rates of accessing interventions sought, reasons for discharge, re-referral and frequency of detransitioning. Using multivariate analysis, we sought associations between several variables and ‘accessing care’ or ‘other outcome’. Results The treatment pathway was completed by 56.1%. All interventions initially sought were accessed by 58%; 94% accessed hormones but only 47.7% accessed gender reassignment surgery; 21.7% disengaged; and 19.4% were re-referred. Multivariate analysis identified coexisting neurodevelopmental disorders (odds ratio [OR] = 5.7, 95% CI = 1.7–19), previous adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) per reported ACE (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1–1.9), substance misuse during treatment (OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 1.1–17.6) and mental health concerns during treatment (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1–4.4) as independently associated with accessing care. Twelve people (6.9%) met our case definition of detransitioning. Conclusions Service users may have unmet needs. Neurodevelopmental disorders or ACEs suggest complexity requiring consideration during the assessment process. Managing mental ill health and substance misuse during treatment needs optimising. Detransitioning might be more frequent than previously reported.

Sexual health of transgender sex workers attending an inner-city genitourinary medicine clinic

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 686-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Hill ◽  
J Daniel ◽  
A Benzie ◽  
J Ayres ◽  
G King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Genitourinary Medicine ◽  
Case Note Review

Summary Previous studies have reported high HIV prevalence among transgender sex workers (TSWs). We performed a retrospective case-note review of known TSWs attending our unit. In all, 16/24 (66.7%) of patients were diagnosed with at least one sexually transmitted infection (STI) and 7/24 (29.2%) reported intentional unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse, which may explain the high prevalence of HIV in our cohort (37.5%). TSWs disclosed high rates of substance misuse, violence and sexual assault, which may also contribute to the increased prevalence of STI in this group.

SELF-HARM IN ADOLESCENCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Runcan ◽  
Patricia Luciana Runcan ◽  
Cosmin Goian ◽  
Bogdan Nadolu ◽  
Mihaela Gavrilă Ardelean
Keyword(s):  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
The People ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study provides the synonyms for the terms deliberate self-harm and self-destructive behaviour, together with a psychological portrait of self-harming adolescents, the consequence of self-harm, the purpose of self-harm, and the forms of self-harm. It also presents the results of a survey regarding the prevalence of people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour, the gender of people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour, the age of the first non-suicidal self-harming behaviour in these people, the frequency of non-suicidal self-harming behaviour in these people, the association of the non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with substance misuse in these people, the relationships of the people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with their fathers, mothers, and siblings, the relationships of the people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with their friends, the possible causes of self-harming behaviour in these people, and the relationship of people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour with religion. Some of the results confirmed literature results, while others shed a new light on other aspects related to people with non-suicidal self-harming behaviour

Paranasal Sinus Mucocele Clinical, imagistic and biochemical aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Vesa ◽  
Cristian Martu ◽  
Razvan Leata ◽  
Ludmila Lozneanu ◽  
luminita Radulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The One ◽  
Ethmoid Sinuses ◽  
Retrospective Case Study ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Ct And Mri

Paranasal mucoceles are a type of cysts that evolve slowly and are asymptomatic; this poses a difficulty in diagnosing the patient because the symptoms can go unnoticed. The mucocele evolves unpredictably. On the one hand, it can become infected turning into pyoceles and on the other hand, it can invade important regions such as the orbital, cranial or genian regions, creating facial asymmetry. This is a retrospective case study of 37 patients diagnosed with sinus mucoceles, followed up by clinical examination and paraclinical tests such as CT and MRI scans. The biochemical components of the liquid from within the mucocele were analyzed and the following criteria were recorded: NaCl-, Cl-, Na+ and cholesterine as well as cellular components such as mastocytes, macrophages, hematocytes and leucocytes. In all cases, the treatment option was surgery with favorable post-operative and follow-up evaluation. The mucoceles that appeared post-operatively (maxillary and ethmoid sinuses) evolved more rapidly than the mucoceles that were induced byan external injury. Longer follow-up of operated patients permitted a more timely diagnosis of recurrences.

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