PSYCHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROFESSIONAL-IMPORTANT QUALITIES OF FIRE-RESCUE FIRMERS

Объектом исследования в данной работе выступили ведущие личностные особенности и профессионально важные качества пожарных-спасателей, на основе которых разрабатывается психологическая структурная модель эффективного профессионала. Цель исследования состояла в выявлении и интерпретации показателей блоков личностных качеств испытуемых: эмоционального, коммуникативного, интеллектуального и саморегуляционного. Для решения поставленной цели использовался 16-факторный личностный опросник Р. Кеттелла. Результаты исследования демонстрируют наличие у пожарных спасателей таких ярко выраженных качеств, как готовность к риску, решительность смелость, стрессоустойчивость и умеренная социальная интроверсия. The object of the research in this work was the leading personal characteristics and professionally important qualities of firefighters-rescuers, on the basis of which the psychological structural model of an effective professional is being developed. The aim of the study was to identify and interpret the indicators of the blocks of personal qualities of the subjects: emotional, communicative, intellectual and self-regulatory. To solve this goal, the 16-factor personality questionnaire of R. Kettell was used. The results of the study demonstrate that firefighters rescuers have such pronounced qualities as willingness to take risks, decisiveness, courage, stress resistance and moderate social introversion.

Evaluation of the Executive Functioning and Psychological Adjustment of Child-to-Parent Offenders: Epidemiology and Quantification of Harm

With the aim of ascertaining if child-to-parent offenders have impairments in the executive functions and psychological maladjustment, and to quantify the potential harm and epidemiology, a field study was designed. As for this, 76 juvenile offenders sentenced for child-to-parent violence were assessed in executive functions (Stroop tasks) and psychological adjustment (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent, MMPI-A). The results showed valid responses for 75 juveniles and that data were not generally biased in line with defensiveness or malingering (differential diagnosis in justice juvenile evaluations). In psychological adjustment, the results revealed a significantly higher maladjustment among offenders on all the basic clinical scales with 23% more symptoms of hysteria than the normative population, 37% more of depressive symptoms, 44% more of hypochondriac symptoms, 68% more of psychopathic deviation symptoms, 46% more of paranoid symptoms, 26% more of psychasthenic symptoms, 24% more symptoms of schizophrenia, 17% more symptoms of hypomania, and 13% more symptoms of social introversion. Epidemiologically, the prevalence rates of clinical deterioration were significantly greater than expected (0.05 in normative sample) in hypochondria (28.0%), depression (29.3%), hysteria (29.3%), psychopathic deviation (60%), paranoia (30.7%), psychasthenia (22.7%), and schizophrenia (25.3%). As for the cognitive functions, the offenders exhibited impairments estimated at 62.0% in word reading, 47.9% in color naming, 45.8% in color-word, and 11.9% in interference and a significantly higher prevalence of caseness than expected in word reading (65%), color naming (71%), and color-word (70.2%). The implications of the results for intervention are discussed.

EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICAL THERAPY ON QUALITY OF LIFE AND PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS

The aim: To compare the effects of tofacitinib, adalimumab and budesonide on the quality of life and psychoemotional status of patients with moderate UC. Materials and methods: The study included 104 patients with moderately severe UC aged between 18 and 75 years old. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I consisted of patients with UC treated with budesonide 9 mg 1 g / d (BUD; n = 34). Group II – of patients receiving adalimumab at an initial dose of 160 mg and 80 mg at week 2, followed by maintenance dose of 40 mg weekly (ADA; n = 38) and group III, who received tofacitinib 10 mg 2p / d (TOF; n = 32). Evaluation of quality of life and psycho-emotional status of patients was performed using IBDQ, SF-36 and MMRI questionnaires. Results: According to the IBDQ-questionnaire, all groups after treatment had a statistically significant increase in their results: BUD (from 146,44 ± 2,23 to 151,36 ± 2,40), ADA (from 144,28 ± 3,10 to 172,36 ± 3,12), TOF (from 149,22 ± 2, 86 to 184.36 ± 2.88), respectively, p <0.05. Also, after treatment statistically significant changes were seen in patients of all groups in regards to the psychological and physical components of the SF-36 scale. Analysis of the personality profile using MMRI of all groups of patients showed a change in scales 2 (depression), 3 (hysteria), 5 (tenderness-femininity), 6 (paranoia) and 0 (social introversion), which significantly improved in the ADA and TOF groups. Conclusions: Tofacitinib and adalimumab in patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis of moderate severity had a better effect on quality of life and psychoemotional status compared with budesonide treatment.

Children with disabilities: learning problems and conditions for quality education

Based on the results of a theoretical review, the article identifies conditions that hinder the success of the integration of disabled children into society and significantly complicate adaptation to the implementation of inclusive education, in which Russian researchers include: lack of pedagogic knowledge and skills in parents whose children are disabled, accentuated personality traits of modern pedagogue (including pessimism, social introversion, tendency to reject innovation, rigidity). Based on the results of the all-Russia study in 2017, the results obtained regarding the conditions for obtaining a quality education by modern children with disabilities were analysed. These include the lack of available correctional institutions, special nutrition, the lack of appropriate specialists, and the lack of adapted educational programmes. Among the most in-demand opportunities in the education system, respondents named permanent tutors and children's inclusive camps.

Profile character accentuations in personal and professional diagnostics of law enforcement officers

Introduction. In order to improve the efficiency of the staff of state bodies, an urgent task is to optimize the methods of prehire evaluation of candidates. In the practice of professional diagnostics of personnel, character accentuations usually become contraindications to employment. However, there is scientific evidence that character accentuations can, on the contrary, contribute to positive personal development. The study adopted a scientific hypothesis that certain characterological features are necessary for the effective implementation of various types of professional activities.The aim of the study is to identify “profile character accentuations” in effective employees of various law enforcement agencies that have a positive impact on the performance of a particular professional activity.Materials and methods. The sample included 5,237 law enforcement officers from 24 regions of Russia. Among them, 1,653 effective employees were selected, which had character accentuations. The respondents belonged to different divisions according to the type of activity they perform: analytical and legal, communication and information, inspection and communication, transport and inspection, and expert and analytical activities. The MMPI method was used to identify accentuations (Berezin F.B., Miroshnikov M.P., Sokolova E.D., 2011).Results. It is established that the profile of character accentuations differs depending on the level of efficiency of the employee and his professional duties. The personal profile of effective employees performing analytical and legal activities is characterized by an increase in the scales of male or female traits, hypomania and social introversion (p<0.05). In the personal profile of effective employees who perform communication and information activities, the variables of hypochondria, hysteria, psychasthenia and introversion are significant (p<0.05). The personal profile of effective employees performing inspection and communication activities is characterized by a decrease in the scales of hypochondria, psychopathy, psychasthenia and schizoidy (p<0.05). The personal profile of effective employees performing transport inspection activities is characterized by a decrease in the scales of depression, psychasthenia and hypomania (p<0.05). The personal profile of effective employees engaged in expert and analytical activities is characterized by a decrease in the variables of hypochondria, psychopathy, psychasthenia, schizoidism, and introversion (p<0.05).Conclusions. The results of the study confirm that using the technology of forecasting professional performance based on the personal profile of the applicant, it is possible to optimize the professional activities of people, improve the quality of their self-realization and involvement.

Perceptions of Social Media Impact on Social Behavior of Students

Social media has become pervasive, impacting the social fabric and culture of our society. This study investigates differences and similarities between students' and faculty's perceptions of social media impact on social behavior of students. Data were collected using a specially designed survey. The sample size was 2605 students and 507 faculty of different genders and ages. Research outcome indicates that students and faculty are familiar with and are immersed in social media use. The findings support the advantages of social media use on students' social behavior and do not indicate any obvious disadvantages. The findings of the study include identification of dominant group perceptions pertaining to advantages and disadvantages of social media use on social behavior of students. Common concerns of the two groups pertaining to students include physical inactivity, social introversion, exposure to bullying and domination attitudes; and mental dullness. These findings can help discern possible issues relating to use of social media affecting social behavior.

The levels of on Depression, Hypochondriacs and Social introversion Scales at a sample of Renal Dialysis and Renal Transplant Patients in King Hussein Medical Center / Jordan

The aims of study are to identify the differences between the patients of renal dialysis and the patients of renal transplant, pertaining to the level of depression, social introversion, and hypochondriacs. It is compared of 100 persons that are divided into two groups that can be shown as follows: (50) persons of renal dialysis and (50) persons of renal transplant. All persons were randomly selected from the unit of renal transplant and were interviewed separately. The next scales were applied to them: Depression Scale and Social introversion scale and hypochondrias are scale that was taken from the MMPI in 2014. The statistical program (SPSS) was used as squared (X²) where the results of the study indicated that there were statistically significant differences at (0.001) .The results are presented a radical differences between the patients of renal dialysis and the patients of renal transplant in the level of depression, social introversion and hypochondriacs for the category of less than 29 degree and more than 71 degree which represent the abnormal according to the scale at the (0.001). Meanwhile, they did not show a significant difference between the two groups with the category 30-70 that are indicating the normal.

Perceptions of Social Media Impact on Social Behavior of Students

Social media has become pervasive, impacting the social fabric and culture of our society. This study investigates differences and similarities between students' and faculty's perceptions of social media impact on social behavior of students. Data were collected using a specially designed survey. The sample size was 2605 students and 507 faculty of different genders and ages. Research outcome indicates that students and faculty are familiar with and are immersed in social media use. The findings support the advantages of social media use on students' social behavior and do not indicate any obvious disadvantages. The findings of the study include identification of dominant group perceptions pertaining to advantages and disadvantages of social media use on social behavior of students. Common concerns of the two groups pertaining to students include physical inactivity, social introversion, exposure to bullying and domination attitudes; and mental dullness. These findings can help discern possible issues relating to use of social media affecting social behavior.

Exergaming as an Alternative for Students Unmotivated to Participate in Regular Physical Education Classes

With the novelty of exergames, an alternative form of entertainment and exercise emerged especially for physical education (PE). While video games have been historically associated to problems such as obesity, social introversion and aggressive behavior, exergames brought a new perspective in which these cultural artifacts could contribute to people's education concerning the practice of physical activity. This article presents a study about the setting up of an exergame lab focusing on kids and preadolescents who usually show signs of dissatisfaction with PE. The research methodology followed a qualitative observation approach, involving twenty-four students of both genders for three months. Results demonstrated that students who were normally unmotivated to participate in PE classes showed a positive attitude regarding the exergame practices and demonstrated their willingness to collaborate with peers. The study also showed that exergaming provides situations in which students can increase the regularity of their practice of physical exercises.