The Decline of Transit: A Corporate Conspiracy or Failure of Public Policy? The Case of Portland, Oregon

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Bianco

In his 1974 testimony before the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly, Bradford Snell lay partial blame for the decline of mass transit in the United States on a targeted program, spearheaded by General Motors (GM), with the goal of “substitution of buses for passenger trains, streetcars and trolley buses; monopolization of bus production; and diversion of riders to automobiles.” Snell argued that General Motors and its subsidiary company National City Lines were responsible for “the destruction of more than 100 electric surface rail systems in 45 cities including New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, St. Louis, Oakland, Salt Lake City and Los Angeles.”

ARCTIC ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Porsild

Raymond Donovan Wood, a practising attorney in Mount Kisco, N.Y. for 32 years, and recently retired to Salt Lake City, Utah, died suddenly 30 November, 1964. Raymond Wood was born on 17 January, 1902 in Iowa, and came to New York in 1925. A graduate of the University of Nebraska, he received his M.A. at Northwestern University in Chicago, and became Juris Doctor from New York University following which he completed two years of post graduate work at Columbia University. He was an Associate Member of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain, and a Fellow of the Arctic Institute of North America. His principal hobby and recreation was photography, especially of wildflowers. For many years he spent whatever time he could spare from his law practice photographing rare wild flowers in the mountains of the northeastern States. It was natural, therefore, that later in search of new material he turned to the Arctic, and that for the planning of future field seasons he should come to the National Museum of Canada to acquaint himself with arctic plants and to seek the advice of its botanical staff in planning his itineraries. Between 1956 and 1962, Raymond Wood personally financed extended field trips to the American Arctic, from West Greenland to Alaska for the purpose of making colour photographs of arctic flowers. On all his expeditions Raymond Wood was accompanied by his wife Mildred whom he always acknowledged as the botanist of the "team", whereas he did "only" the photography and, at the end of the season, the processing of the hundreds of rolls of colour and black and white film that invariably resulted from his summer's activity. Meticulous and painstaking about all they did, the Woods always collected voucher specimens of the wild flowers they photographed. These specimens they presented to the National Herbarium of Canada at Ottawa together with one of the two or three original transparencies made of each plant object. During four summers in the Canadian Arctic, one in West Greenland, and two in Alaska, Raymond and Mildred Wood photographed 354 different species of arctic flowering plants and ferns, many of them never photographed before. One carefully labelled set of 775 colour transparencies all in 2.5" x 2.5" format, carefully mounted, labelled, and indexed are now in the National Herbarium of Canada at Ottawa. A set of 340 colour transparencies of Alaskan wild flowers they presented to the Arctic Research Laboratory, Barrow, Alaska in return for logistic support during two field seasons in Alaska. Due to their high technical skill and meticulous planning, these unique collections of plant portraits and plant habitats will long remain invaluable reference "tools" for present and future botanists engaged in the study of arctic plants. Following their retirement to Salt Lake City, Utah, the Woods had planned to photograph Rocky Mountain alpine flowers in Canada and in the United States. Although the main objective of their arctic trips was to make photographs, Raymond and Mildred Wood always took a keen personal interest in the Eskimo and white residents of the North, making lasting friends and contacts wherever they went. Their many friends not only in Mount Kisco, Salt Lake City and Ottawa, but also in many northern towns and villages from Greenland to Alaska will miss their welcome visits and lament the premature passing of their friend.


2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (165) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Darragh Gannon

AbstractWriting in Nationalist revolutionaries in Ireland, 1858–1928, Tom Garvin observed that ‘well over 40 per cent, perhaps 50 per cent, had lived outside Ireland for considerable periods … foreign experience was very important in the development of the leaders’. The impact of ‘foreign experience’ on leading nationalist revolutionaries, this article submits, pace Garvin, could have proved influential in the development of the Irish Revolution more widely. Between June 1919 and December 1920, Éamon de Valera toured the United States. From New York City to Salt Lake City, Alabama to Montana, the self-proclaimed president of the Irish republic addressed ‘Ireland’ in hundreds of interviews and speeches. Of these myriad public statements, his Cuban missive, notably, crossed national boundaries. Comparing Ireland's geo-strategic relationship with Great Britain to that of Cuba and the United States, de Valera's argument for an independent Irish republic was made in the Americas. How did de Valera's movement across the U.S. alter his political views of Ireland? How were presentations of de Valera's ‘Cuban policy’ mediated across the ‘Irish world’? How did discourse on the Monroe Doctrine inform Anglo-Irish negotiations between Truce and Treaty? Exploring de Valera's ‘Cuban policy’ as global case study, this article concludes, ultimately, can shift the historiographical significance of ‘foreign experience’ from nationalist revolutionaries in Ireland to the flows and circulation of transnational revolution.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Chen

In 2002, the United States embraced the Housing First approach, which led to the widespread adoption of this approach in cities across the nation. This resulted in programmatic variations of Housing First and calls for clarity about the Housing First model. This study uses a comparative case study approach to explore the differences across Housing First programs in five selected cities: Dallas, Austin, Houston, Los Angeles, and Salt Lake City. It focuses on one aspect of programmatic variation: housing type. Data collection consisted of in-depth interviews with 53 participants, documentation review, and site visits. Findings show differences in the type of housing used and explore the reasons why Housing First programs select such housing configurations. The results highlight how programmatic variation does not necessarily mean the Housing First model lacks clarity. Rather, homeless service providers adapt the model to address local challenges and needs, resulting in the variation seen across programs and cities. The findings elucidate the debate about variation in the Housing First model and the call for fidelity.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-359

This preliminary data are on the subject of neonatal meningitis caused by gram-negative organisms. During 1970 and 1971, Dr. George Mc Cracken of Dallas designed a study to investigate therapy of gram-negative meningitis. Thirteen centers if the United States and Canada were chosen on the basis of their experience with the disease over the preceding few years. Together they had seen some 50 infants yearly with meningitis from their cummulative population base of 100,000-150,000 births yearly. Participants of the study include centers in Dallas, Birmingham, Memphis, Atlanta, New Orleans, Baltimore, Cleveland, Cincinnati, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Salt Lake City, Montreal, and Boston. The study began on September 1, 1971 with some of the 13 centers officially enrolling as late as December. Initially the number of patients enrolled in the study met expectations. In 1972 enrollees fell off so severely that changes in study design were suggested at the last meeting of investigators in May. The total number of infants entered in the study from September through May is 15. In examining the experience before December 8, 1971 compared to the experience after December 8th the number of newborn infants with meningitis fell from .09 per day to .05 per day. This highly significant change is in the face of a greater mean population base in the second period. The change is associated, at least in time, with the decrease in use of hexachlorophene bathing in nurseries (.32/1000 to .18/1000). For my second topic, I'd like to review some of the alternatives available to the clinician faced with a nursery outbreak of Staphylococcal disease.


1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Walter C. McCrone

Teaching on-site courses for the McCrone Research Institute has enabled me to see a lot of the USA. The van and I have been to all of the states except Hawaii and Alaska besides all of the Canadian provinces except Newfoundland and the Northwest Territories. Some parts of the USA have become nearly as familiar to me (and van) as the Outer Drive in Chicago, Rte. 1 down the California coast, Rtes. 80 and 90 to New York and New England, 55 and 65 South, 40 Southeast to Los Angeles and 80 to Salt Lake City and San Francisco, in particular. The latter route across the Great Salt Lake Desert is one of my favorites. That route is always different because of the Great Salt Lake. It's a large lake under normal conditions but conditions are never normal.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Augustina Naami

<p>Gender and disability interacts to create several challenges and vulnerabilities for women with disabilities. This paper explores and compares the daily experiences of unemployed women with physical disabilities in Tamale-Ghana and Salt Lake City, Utah in the United States.</p><p>Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 women with physical disabilities about their experiences with employment, unemployment and how unemployment affects their lives. Outcome suggests that the women encounter several challenges in their daily lives relating to mobility, family relationships, income, social participation and living arrangement. While some of the experiences undoubtedly differ between the two studies, some, interestingly, were similar across the two geographic regions regardless of the cultural differences.</p>


2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1211-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Gillies ◽  
Shih-Yu Wang ◽  
Jin-Ho Yoon ◽  
Scott Weaver

Abstract A recent study by Gillies and others of persistent inversion events in the Intermountain West of the United States found a substantive linkage between the intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) and the development of persistent inversion events. Given that NCEP’s Climate Forecast System (CFS) has demonstrated skill in the prediction of the ISO as far out as 1 month, it was decided to examine the CFS forecast’s capability in the prediction of such winter persistent inversions. After initial analysis, a simple regression scheme is proposed that is coupled to the CFS output of geopotential height as a way to predict the occurrence of persistent inversion events for Salt Lake City, Utah. Analysis of the CFS hindcasts through the period 1981–2008 indicates that the regression coupled with the CFS can predict persistent inversion events with lead times of up to 4 weeks. The adoption of this coupled regression–CFS prediction may improve the forecasting of persistent inversion events in the Intermountain West, which is currently restricted to the more limited time span (∼10 days) of medium-range weather forecast models.


2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhi Choi

Abstract Since its fiftieth anniversary, memorialization of the Korean War has taken place in towns and cities across the United States. As a case study of this belated memory boom, this essay looks at the Utah Korean War Memorial, erected by local veterans in 2003 at Memory Grove Park, Salt Lake City. Situated in both the local and national contexts of remembrance, the memorial resonates largely with three mythical scripts, with themes of resilience, local pride, and the good war, all of which have allowed veterans to negotiate tensions between individual and collective memories. This case study reveals in particular how the official commemoration of the war has shifted local veterans' rhetorical positions from potential witnesses of subversive realities of the war to uncritical negotiators whose legitimization of the very process of mythologizing memories has ultimately alienated them from their own experiences during and after the war.


2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-609
Author(s):  
Frederick Douglass Opie

In May 2006, foreign-born workers, largely from Latin America, mobilized across the United States in response to calls from anti-immigrant groups for tougher federal policies against illegal immigrants. About 400,000 protested in Chicago, 300,000 in Los Angeles, and 75,000 in Denver. In fifty cities between Los Angeles and New York, workers organized walkouts, demonstrations, and rallies in an effort to show just how important they were to the smooth operation of the U.S. economy.


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