scholarly journals Persistence of contamination of hens' egg albumen in vitro with Salmonella serotypes

1992 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Lock ◽  
R. G. Board
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Salmonella Serotypes

SUMMARYA study was made of the persistence of different Salmonella serotypes in hens' egg albumen in vitro at 4, 20 and 30 °C. The majority of serotypes remained viable but did not increase in numbers at 20 and 30 °C for 42 days. At 4 °C many of the serotypes died out.The addition of ferric ammonium citrate on the 42nd day of incubation induced multiplication of organisms incubated at 20 and 30 °C, but not at 4 °C. The pH and glucose concentration of the albumen diminished only when heavy growth occurred.Salmonella enteritidis remained viable on the air cell membrane in vitro for 17 days at 4, 20 and 30 °C. Thirty percent of the organisms also remained motile in albumen for 42 days at 25 °C and up to 5% of the cells remained motile for up to 20 days at 4 °C.

scholarly journals Ferric citrate decreases ruminal hydrogen sulphide concentrations in feedlot cattle fed diets high in sulphate

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Drewnoski ◽  
Perry Doane ◽  
Stephanie L. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Ferric Citrate ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium

Dissimilatory reduction of sulphate by sulphate-reducing bacteria in the rumen produces sulphide, which can lead to a build-up of the toxic gas hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in the rumen when increased concentrations of sulphate are consumed by ruminants. We hypothesised that adding ferric Fe would competitively inhibit ruminal sulphate reduction. The effects of five concentrations and two sources (ferric citrate or ferric ammonium citrate) of ferric Fe were examinedin vitro(n6 per treatment). Rumen fluid was collected from a steer that was adapted to a high-concentrate, high-sulphate diet (0·51 % S). The addition of either source of ferric Fe decreased (P< 0·01) H2S concentrations without affecting gas production (P= 0·38), fluid pH (P= 0·80) orin vitroDM digestibility (P= 0·38) after a 24 h incubation. Anin vivoexperiment was conducted using eight ruminally fistulated steers (543 (sem12) kg) in a replicated Latin square with four periods and four treatments. The treatments included a high-concentrate, high-sulphate control diet (0·46 % S) or the control diet plus ferric ammonium citrate at concentrations of 200, 300 or 400 mg Fe/kg diet DM. The inclusion of ferric Fe did not affect DM intake (P= 0·21). There was a linear (P< 0·01) decrease in the concentration of ruminal H2S as the addition of ferric Fe concentrations increased. Ferric citrate appears to be an effective way to decrease ruminal H2S concentrations, which could allow producers to safely increase the inclusion of ethanol co-products.

Effects of alterations in cellular iron on biosynthesis of the transferrin receptor in K562 cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-600
Author(s):  
K K Rao ◽  
D Shapiro ◽  
E Mattia ◽  
K Bridges ◽  
R Klausner
Keyword(s):  
K562 Cells ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Cellular Iron ◽  
Erythroleukemia Cell ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Translatable Mrna ◽  
In Cells

Treatment of K562 cells, a human erythroleukemia cell line, with desferrioxamine raised the levels of the receptor for transferrin (Tf) two- to threefold over that of the control cells. The levels of receptor were reduced by at least 50 and 35% of that of the control in cells treated with diferric Tf and ferric ammonium citrate, respectively. These changes were of total cellular receptors with no alteration in the proportion of receptors found on the cell surface. The half-lives of the receptor were identical in cells treated with desferrioxamine, diferric Tf, or ferric ammonium citrate. Cells metabolically labeled with [35S]methionine showed a 2.5-fold increase in the rate of receptor synthesis when treated with desferrioxamine and a 35 and 65% decrease when treated with ferric ammonium citrate and diferric Tf, respectively. In vitro translations of polyadenylated mRNA isolated from cells incubated with desferrioxamine showed a 2.5-fold increase in translatable mRNA for the receptor, whereas treatment of cells with ferric ammonium citrate and diferric Tf resulted in a 25 and 50% reduction, respectively, in translatable mRNA for this receptor.

scholarly journals Effects of alterations in cellular iron on biosynthesis of the transferrin receptor in K562 cells.

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
K K Rao ◽  
D Shapiro ◽  
E Mattia ◽  
K Bridges ◽  
R Klausner
Keyword(s):  
K562 Cells ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Cellular Iron ◽  
Erythroleukemia Cell ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Translatable Mrna ◽  
In Cells

Treatment of K562 cells, a human erythroleukemia cell line, with desferrioxamine raised the levels of the receptor for transferrin (Tf) two- to threefold over that of the control cells. The levels of receptor were reduced by at least 50 and 35% of that of the control in cells treated with diferric Tf and ferric ammonium citrate, respectively. These changes were of total cellular receptors with no alteration in the proportion of receptors found on the cell surface. The half-lives of the receptor were identical in cells treated with desferrioxamine, diferric Tf, or ferric ammonium citrate. Cells metabolically labeled with [35S]methionine showed a 2.5-fold increase in the rate of receptor synthesis when treated with desferrioxamine and a 35 and 65% decrease when treated with ferric ammonium citrate and diferric Tf, respectively. In vitro translations of polyadenylated mRNA isolated from cells incubated with desferrioxamine showed a 2.5-fold increase in translatable mRNA for the receptor, whereas treatment of cells with ferric ammonium citrate and diferric Tf resulted in a 25 and 50% reduction, respectively, in translatable mRNA for this receptor.

scholarly journals New advances in thein-vitroculture ofDientamoeba fragilis

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
pp. 864-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
VARUNI S. MUNASINGHE ◽  
D. STARK ◽  
J. T. ELLIS
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Dientamoeba Fragilis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints

SUMMARYDientamoeba fragilisis an intestinal protozoan in humans that is commonly associated with diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal complaints. Studies conducted to investigate the biology of this parasite are limited by methods forin vitrocultivation. The objective of this study was to improve a biphasic culture medium, based on the Loeffler's slope, by further supplementation in order to increase the yield of trophozoites in culture. The currentin vitroculture ofD. fragilisis a xenic culture with a mix of bacteria. Three different liquid overlays were evaluated including Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS), PBS and Dulbecco's modified PBS (DPBS), for their ability to support thein vitrogrowth ofD. fragilistrophozoites. Out of these 3 overlays EBSS gave the highest increase in the trophozoite numbers. The effect of supplementation was analysed by supplementing EBSS with ascorbic acid, ferric ammonium citrate, L-cysteine, cholesterol and alpha-lipoic acid and quantification ofin vitrogrowth by cell counts. A new liquid overlay is here described based upon EBSS supplemented with cholesterol and ferric ammonium citrate that, in conjunction with the Loeffler's slope, supports the growth ofD. fragilistrophozoitesin vitro. This modified overlay supported a 2-fold increase in the numbers of trophozoite in culture from all 4D. fragilisisolates tested, when compared to a PBS overlay. These advances enable the harvest of a larger number of trophozoites needed for further studies on this parasite.

Multiplication and Motility of Salmonella enterica Serovars Enteritidis, Infantis, and Montevideo in In Vitro Contamination Models of Eggs

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOSHIYUKI MURASE ◽  
KAZUHIKO FUJIMOTO ◽  
RUI NAKAYAMA ◽  
KOICHI OTSUKI
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Polycarbonate Membrane ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
Petri Plate

The invasive ability of Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis, Infantis, and Montevideo in eggs was examined. Strains of these serovars originating from egg contents, laying chicken houses, and human patients were experimentally inoculated (0.1-ml dose containing 78 to 178 cells) onto the vitelline membrane of eggs collected from specific-pathogen-free chickens and incubated at 25°C. The test strains were detected in 25 of 138 yolk contents by day 6, indicating the penetration of Salmonella organisms through the vitelline membrane. There were no significant differences in overall rates of penetration between serovars. The organisms were also detected in the albumen from 125 of 138 eggs tested by day 6. Growth to more than 106 CFU/ml was observed in 48 of the 125 albumen samples. An inoculum of 1,000 Salmonella cells was added to 15 ml of albumen at the edge of a petri plate. A 10-mm-diameter cylindrical well, the bottom of which was sealed with a polycarbonate membrane with 3.0-μm pores, was filled with egg yolk and placed into the albumen at the center of the dish, which was maintained at 25°C. Experiments were performed in triplicate with each strain. Salmonella organisms in all the albumen samples were detected by day 11. However, motility of the organisms toward the yolk was observed in only two dishes inoculated with the Salmonella Enteritidis strain from a human patient and in one dish inoculated with the Salmonella Infantis strain from liquid egg. The albumen samples obtained from the dishes inoculated with the Salmonella Enteritidis strain had high numbers of bacteria (&gt;108 CFU/ml). The present study suggests that Salmonella organisms in egg albumen are unlikely to actively move toward the yolk, although deposition on or near the vitelline membrane can be advantageous for proliferation.

scholarly journals A study on the aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance of ferrous ascorbate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous sulphate and ferric ammonium citrate, among the rural anaemic women, in the Indian spectrum

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2751
Author(s):  
Moumita Hazra
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferrous Fumarate ◽  
Ferrous Ascorbate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium

Background: Anaemia is a global health concern, associated with increased maternal and perinatal mortality, preterm delivery, low birth weight, extreme fatigue and impaired immune system; and controlled by oral haematinics; with a rise in haemoglobin concentration. The objective was to examine the various aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance of oral haematinics, among the anaemic women population, in rural India.Methods: This was a multi-centre, retrospective, observational and analytical study of the hospital medical records of 250 anaemic patients, who were allocated into group A of 125 patients within 15-21 years and group B of 125 patients within 22-35 years. The patients were prescribed oral haematinics, containing 60 mg of elemental iron, thrice daily, with meals. The various aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance of ferrous ascorbate, ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate and ferric ammonium citrate, including patients’ demographic characteristics, anaemic symptoms assessment, prescription patterns, and safety assessment, on 1st, 2nd, 3rd months and follow-up visits, were recorded and thoroughly analysed..Results: In groups A and B, the demographic characteristics of the patients were comparable; ferrous ascorbate was the most commonly prescribed oral haematinic, followed by ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate and ferric ammonium citrate, which controlled mild to moderate iron deficiency anaemia, with a gradual significant rise in haemoglobin concentration, in the successive 3 months; and adverse effects were observed to be statistically non-significant in either group.Conclusions: The different aspects of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacohaemovigilance in the study established that the oral haematinics were reasonably beneficial and safe among the anaemic women population, in rural India.

THE EFFECT OF CERTAIN ORAL AND INJECTABLE IRON PREPARATIONS ON THE BLOOD OF BABY PIGS

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Doornenbal
Keyword(s):  
Oral Iron ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Ferric Ammonium ◽  
Iron Sulphate

Haemoglobin levels, haematocrit values and erythrocyte counts were determined at weekly intervals from 3 to 45 days of age for 60 pigs which received iron in the form of: injectable iron-dextran (A); injectable iron-dextran (B); injectable ferric ammonium citrate; oral iron in the form of paste, or sods sprinkled with iron sulphate. The iron-dextran and ferric ammonium citrate compounds were administered at 3 days of age as single injections supplying 100 mgm. of iron and 30 mgm. of ferric ammonium citrate respectively. The paste was administered at 3, 10, 17 and 24 days of age. Sods were fed twice a week during the period of 3 days to 28 days of age.The sod treatment maintained normal blood values while the iron-dextran compounds and the paste resulted in values somewhat below normal, although visible evidence of anaemia was not apparent. Blood values for the group receiving ferric ammonium citrate were extremely low and two pigs on this treatment died at 42 and 60 days of age. Both exhibited severe anaemia.Significant differences were obtained in weaning weights. The heaviest pigs were those receiving sods; the lightest pigs those receiving injectable ferric ammonium citrate. The effect of the different treatments on growth was not apparent until after 21 days of age.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document