Public health risk analysis of European bat lyssavirus infection in The Netherlands

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. TAKUMI ◽  
P. H. C. LINA ◽  
W. H. M. VAN DER POEL ◽  
J. A. KRAMPS ◽  
J. W. B. VAN DER GIESSEN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Bat Rabies ◽  
Eptesicus Serotinus

SUMMARYWe present the frequency and the nature of contact incidents of the Serotine bat,Eptesicus serotinus, with humans and with companion animals (specifically cats and dogs), in The Netherlands between 2000 and 2005. Out of 17 bats in bite contact with humans, five tested positive for European bat lyssavirus (EBLV) type 1a. Cats had the most numerous contacts with bats (49 times) but a relatively low number of these bats were EBLV positive (six times). We estimated that the average incidence of human bat rabies infection might be between once per year and once per 700 years, depending mainly on the number of infectious viral particles in bat saliva. The risk of bat rabies is higher between April and October, and in the northern half of the country. This is the first study in Europe describing the risk of human bat rabies after bat contact incidents.

scholarly journals Public health risk of antimicrobial resistance transfer from companion animals

2016 ◽  
pp. dkw481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constança Pomba ◽  
Merja Rantala ◽  
Christina Greko ◽  
Keith Edward Baptiste ◽  
Boudewijn Catry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Resistance Transfer

Prevalence and Concentration of Bacterial Pathogens in Raw Produce and Minimally Processed Packaged Salads Produced in and for The Netherlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCAS M. WIJNANDS ◽  
ELLEN H. M. DELFGOU-van ASCH1 ◽  
MARIEKE E. BEEREPOOT-MENSINK ◽  
ALICE van der MEIJ-FLORIJN ◽  
IFE FITZ-JAMES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Laboratory Capacity ◽  
Oak Tree

Recent outbreaks with vegetable or fruits as vehicles have raised interest in the characterization of the public health risk due to microbial contamination of these commodities. Because qualitative and quantitative data regarding prevalence and concentration of various microbes are lacking, we conducted a survey to estimate the prevalence and contamination level of raw produce and the resulting minimally processed packaged salads as sold in The Netherlands. A dedicated sampling plan accounted for the amount of processed produce in relation to the amount of products, laboratory capacity, and seasonal influences. Over 1,800 samples of produce and over 1,900 samples of ready-to-eat mixed salads were investigated for Salmonella enterica serovars, Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli O157, and Listeria monocytogenes. The overall prevalence in raw produce varied between 0.11% for E. coli O157 and L. monocytogenes and 0.38% for Salmonella. Prevalence point estimates for specific produce/pathogen combinations ranged for Salmonella from 0.53% in iceberg lettuce to 5.1% in cucumber. For Campylobacter, this ranged from 0.83% in endive to 2.7% in oak tree lettuce. These data will be used to determine the public health risk posed by the consumption of ready-to-eat mixed salads in The Netherlands.

scholarly journals Public Health Risk Assessment Due to Air Pollution in the Temir District of the Aktobe Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (E) ◽  
pp. 481-487
Author(s):  
Laura Sakebayeva ◽  
Valentina Sabyrakhmetova ◽  
Gulsim Karashova ◽  
Perizat Aitmaganbet ◽  
Kulyan Shayakhmetova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Public Health Risk

BACKGROUND: This article focuses on the health risk assessment associated with air pollution for the population of the Temir district in the Aktobe region. The risk assessment of the effects of air pollution on public health revealed a tendency to deterioration in the health indicators of the children’s population. AIM: The research object was the population of the Temir district living near the oil and gas field Zhanazhol. METHODS: The work was carried out according to the risk assessment methodology described in the manual R 2.1.10-1920-04. The maximum non-carcinogenic risk due to exposure to chemicals in the air basin of residential areas was established for children from 0 to 6 years of age in the Temir district. RESULTS: A high risk of respiratory, blood, and cardiovascular diseases was observed. Sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, and carbon oxides contained in atmospheric air contribute to the risk of developing these diseases. The levels of carcinogenic risk to public health in the Temir district show that the maximum individual risk of oncological diseases is observed in the group of children. The risk of malignant neoplasms in adolescents is 1.2 times lower, in the male population – 1.4 times lower, on average, and in the female population – 1.3 times lower than in children. Public health risk analysis aims to select the best ways in a particular situation to eliminate or reduce risk associated with air pollution for the population. CONCLUSION: The methodology of a comprehensive health risk analysis is a promising and developing approach in the system of monitoring the quality of the human environment and assessing environmental hazards.

Environmental Safety Assessment of Krasnoyarsk Krai Based on a Public Health Risk Analysis

Atomic Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
R. V. Arutyunyan ◽  
L. M. Vorob’eva ◽  
S. V. Panchenko ◽  
K. A. Pechkurova ◽  
S. M. Novikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Public Health Risk

scholarly journals Presence of Enteric Viruses in Source Waters for Drinking Water Production in the Netherlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (17) ◽  
pp. 5965-5971 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Lodder ◽  
H. H. J. L. van den Berg ◽  
S. A. Rutjes ◽  
A. M. de Roda Husman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Source Waters

ABSTRACT The quality of drinking water in the Netherlands has to comply with the Dutch Drinking Water Directive: less than one infection in 10,000 persons per year may occur due to consumption of unboiled drinking water. Since virus concentrations in drinking waters may be below the detection limit but entail a public health risk, the infection risk from drinking water consumption requires the assessment of the virus concentrations in source waters and of the removal efficiency of treatment processes. In this study, samples of source waters were taken during 4 years of regular sampling (1999 to 2002), and enteroviruses, reoviruses, somatic phages, and F-specific phages were detected in 75% (range, 0.0033 to 5.2 PFU/liter), 83% (0.0030 to 5.9 PFU/liter), 100% (1.1 to 114,156 PFU/liter), and 97% (0.12 to 14,403 PFU/liter), respectively, of 75 tested source water samples originating from 10 locations for drinking water production. By endpoint dilution reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), 45% of the tested source water samples were positive for norovirus RNA (0.22 to 177 PCR-detectable units [PDU]/liter), and 48% were positive for rotavirus RNA (0.65 to 2,249 PDU/liter). Multiple viruses were regularly detected in the source water samples. A significant correlation between the concentrations of the two phages and those of the enteroviruses could be demonstrated. The virus concentrations varied greatly between 10 tested locations, and a seasonal effect was observed. Peak concentrations of pathogenic viruses occur in source waters used for drinking water production. If seasonal and short-term fluctuations coincide with less efficient or failing treatment, an unacceptable public health risk from exposure to this drinking water may occur.

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