scholarly journals Hospitalization rates for human metapneumovirus infection among 0- to 3-year-olds in Gipuzkoa (Basque Country), Spain

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. CILLA ◽  
E. OÑATE ◽  
E. G. PEREZ-YARZA ◽  
M. MONTES ◽  
D. VICENTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Hmpv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

SUMMARYNumerous studies have been published on human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection, but few have been population based. The main aim of this study was to estimate the incidence rate of hospitalization for community-acquired HMPV infection in infants and children aged <3 years. Between July 2004 and June 2007, 796 episodes (742 patients) of community-acquired acute respiratory infection were hospitalized. HMPV was detected in 90 episodes (11·3%). Fifty-nine episodes occurred in infants aged <1 year. The mean length of hospital stay was 6·2 days (range 2–31 days). Thirteen children required admission to the intensive care unit. Viral co-infections were detected in 46 episodes (51·1%). The incidence rate of hospitalization per 1000 inhabitants was 2·6 (95% CI 2·1–3·2), lower than that for respiratory syncytial virus, but higher than that observed for the influenza and parainfluenza viruses. HMPV is a major respiratory pathogen that leads to a high hospitalization rate.

scholarly journals Role for Maternal Asthma in Severe Human Metapneumovirus Lung Disease Susceptibility in Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Libster ◽  
Ignacio Esteban ◽  
Alejandra Bianchi ◽  
Luciano Alva Grimaldi ◽  
Karina Dueñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hmpv Infection ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background Severity of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) lower respiratory illness (LRTI) is considered similar to that observed for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). However, differences in severity between these pathogens have been noted, suggesting the degree of illness may vary in different populations. Moreover, a potential association between hMPV and asthma also suggests that hMPV may preferentially affect asthmatic subjects. Methods In a population-based surveillance study in children aged &lt;2 years admitted for severe LRTI in Argentina, nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested by RT-PCR for hMPV, RSV, influenza A, and human rhinovirus. Results Of 3947 children, 383 (10%) were infected with hMPV. The hospitalization rate for hMPV LRTI was 2.26 per 1000 children (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.04–2.49). Thirty-nine (10.2%) patients infected with hMPV experienced life-threatening disease (LTD; 0.23 per 1000 children; 95% CI, .16–.31/1000), and 2 died (mortality rate 0.024 per 1000; 95% CI, .003–.086). In hMPV-infected children birth to an asthmatic mother was an increased risk for LTD (odds ratio, 4.72; 95% CI, 1.39–16.01). We observed a specific interaction between maternal asthma and hMPV infection affecting risk for LTD. Conclusions Maternal asthma increases the risk for LTD in children &lt;2 years old hospitalized for severe hMPV LRTI.

scholarly journals Human Metapneumovirus Persists in BALB/c Mice despite the Presence of Neutralizing Antibodies

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (24) ◽  
pp. 14003-14011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Alvarez ◽  
Kevin S. Harrod ◽  
Wun-Ju Shieh ◽  
Sherif Zaki ◽  
Ralph A. Tripp
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Hmpv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) has emerged as an important human respiratory pathogen causing upper and lower respiratory tract infections in young children and older adults. Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that HMPV may cocirculate with respiratory syncytial virus, and HMPV infection has been associated with other respiratory diseases. In this study, we show that BALB/c mice are susceptible to HMPV infection, the virus replicates in the lungs with biphasic growth kinetics in which peak titers occur at days 7 and 14 postinfection (p.i.), and infectious HMPV can be recovered from lungs up to day 60 p.i. In addition, we show that genomic HMPV RNA can be detected in the lungs for ≥180 days p.i. by reverse transcription-PCR; however, neither HMPV RNA nor infectious virus can be detected in serum, spleen, kidneys, heart, trachea, and brain tissue. Lung histopathology revealed prevalent mononuclear cell infiltration in the interstitium beginning at day 2 p.i. and peaking at day 4 p.i. which decreased by day 14 p.i. and was associated with airway remodeling. Increased mucus production evident at day 2 p.i. was concordant with increased bronchial and bronchiolar inflammation. HMPV-specific antibodies were detected by day 14 p.i., neutralizing antibody titers reached ≥6.46 log2 end-point titers by day 28 p.i., and depletion of T cells or NK cells resulted in increased HMPV titers in the lungs, suggesting some immune control of viral persistence. This study shows that BALB/c mice are amenable for HMPV studies and indicates that HMPV persists as infectious virus in the lungs of normal mice for several weeks postinfection.

scholarly journals Molecular typing and epidemiologic profiles of human metapneumovirus infection among children with severe acute respiratory infection in Huzhou, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Ji ◽  
Liping Chen ◽  
Deshun Xu ◽  
Xiaofang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
F Gene ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Hmpv Infection ◽  
High Incidence

Abstract Background Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is one of the important pathogens in infant respiratory tract infection. However, the molecular epidemiology of hMPV among children < 14 years of age hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) is unclear. We investigated the hMPV infection status and genotypes of children hospitalized with SARI from January 2016 to December 2020 in Huzhou, China. Methods A nasopharyngeal flocked swab, nasal wash, or nasopharyngeal swab/or opharyngeal swab combination sample was collected from children with SARI in Huzhou from January 2016 to December 2020. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect hMPV RNA. The hMPV F gene was amplified and sequenced, followed by analysis using MEGA software (ver. 7.0). Epidemiological data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS (ver. 22.0) software. Results A total of 1133 children with SARI were recruited from 2016 to 2020. Among them, 56 (4.94%) were positive for hMPV-RNA. Children < 5 years of age accounted for 85.71% of the positive cases. The hMPV incidence was high in spring and winter, especially in December and January to March. Phylogenetic analysis of the F-gene sequences of 28 hMPV strains showed that the A1, B1, and B2 genotypes were prevalent in Huzhou, and the dominant hMPV genotype varied according to surveillance year. Conclusions HMPV is an important respiratory pathogen in children in Huzhou, with a high incidence in winter and spring in children < 5 years of age. In this study, genotypes A1, B1, and B2 were the most prevalent.

scholarly journals Human Metapneumovirus Escapes NK Cell Recognition through the Downregulation of Stress-Induced Ligands for NKG2D

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 781
Author(s):  
Mohammad Diab ◽  
Dominik Schmiedel ◽  
Einat Seidel ◽  
Eran Bacharach ◽  
Ofer Mandelboim
Keyword(s):  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Viral Protein ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Cell Recognition ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Hmpv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Activating Receptor

The Pneumoviridae family includes human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and human orthopneumovirus, which is also known as a respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV). These are large enveloped, negative single-strand RNA viruses. HMPV and HRSV are the human members, which commonly infect children. HMPV, which was discovered in 2001, infects most children until the age of five, which causes an influenza-like illness. The interaction of this virus with immune cells is poorly understood. In this study, we show that HMPV evades natural killer (NK) cell attack by downregulating stress-induced ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D including: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I polypeptide-related sequences A and B (MICA, MICB), UL16 binding proteins ULBP2, and ULBP3, but not ULBP1. Mechanistically, we show that the viral protein G is involved in the downregulation of ULBP2 and that the viral protein M2.2 is required for MICA and MICB downregulation. These findings emphasize the importance of NK cells, in general, and NKG2D, in particular, in controlling HMPV infection, which opens new avenues for treating HMPV.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitope Vaccination Protects against Human Metapneumovirus Infection and Disease in Mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 2034-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Herd ◽  
Suresh Mahalingam ◽  
Ian M. Mackay ◽  
Michael Nissen ◽  
Theo P. Sloots ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Ctl Epitopes ◽  
Ctl Epitope ◽  
Hmpv Infection ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has emerged as an important human respiratory pathogen causing upper and lower respiratory tract infections in young children and older adults. In addition, hMPV infection is associated with asthma exacerbation in young children. Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that hMPV may cocirculate with human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and mediate clinical disease similar to that seen with hRSV. Therefore, a vaccine for hMPV is highly desirable. In the present study, we used predictive bioinformatics, peptide immunization, and functional T-cell assays to define hMPV cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes recognized by mouse T cells restricted through several major histocompatibility complex class I alleles, including HLA-A*0201. We demonstrate that peptide immunization with hMPV CTL epitopes reduces viral load and immunopathology in the lungs of hMPV-challenged mice and enhances the expression of Th1-type cytokines (gamma interferon and interleukin-12 [IL-12]) in lungs and regional lymph nodes. In addition, we show that levels of Th2-type cytokines (IL-10 and IL-4) are significantly lower in hMPV CTL epitope-vaccinated mice challenged with hMPV. These results demonstrate for the first time the efficacy of an hMPV CTL epitope vaccine in the control of hMPV infection in a murine model.

The changing panorama of bacterial enteric infections

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
pp. 1531-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. STEIN-ZAMIR ◽  
H. SHOOB ◽  
N. ABRAMSON ◽  
G. ZENTNER ◽  
V. AGMON
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Enteric Infections

SUMMARYWe studied the age-specific population-based incidence of bacterial enteric infections caused by Shigella, Salmonella and Campylobacter, in Jerusalem. During 1990–2008, 32 408 cases were reported (incidence rate 232·1/100 000 per annum). The patterns of Shigella (47·4% of cases), Salmonella (34·4%) and Campylobacter (18·2%) infections evolved noticeably. Campylobacter rates increased from 15·0 to 110·8/100 000 per annum. Salmonella rates increased from 74·2 to 199·6/100 000 in 1995 then decreased to 39·4/100 000. Shigella showed an endemic/epidemic pattern ranging between 19·7 and 252·8/100 000. Most patients (75%) were aged <15 years; children aged <5 years comprised 56·4% of cases, despite accounting for only 12·9% of the population. Campylobacter was the predominant organism in infants aged <1 year and Shigella in the 1–4 years group. The hospitalization rates were: Shigella, 1·8%; Campylobacter, 2·3%; Salmonella, 6·9%. Infants were 2·2 times more likely to be hospitalized than children aged 1–14 years (P=0·001). Household transmission occurred in 21·2% of Shigella cases compared with 5% in the other bacteria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document