scholarly journals Evidence of leptospirosis in the kidneys and serum of feral swine (Sus scrofa) in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PEDERSEN ◽  
T. D. ANDERSON ◽  
S. N. BEVINS ◽  
K. L. PABILONIA ◽  
P. N. WHITLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Feral Swine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Paired Serum ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYLeptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in humans worldwide. In the United States, widespread detection of antibodies to leptospirosis have been identified in feral swine (Sus scrofa) with the highest detection of serovars, Bratislava, Icterohaemorrhagiae, and Pomona. Over the past few years, feral swine populations have expanded their geographical range and distribution in the United States with reports in at least 39 of 50 states. Since feral swine serve as reservoirs for serovars that can infect humans, it is important to understand the risk of transmission. In order to learn more about the probability that feral swine shed infectious leptospires, we collected kidneys and paired serum when possible from 677 feral swine in 124 counties of 29 states. These counties had previously been identified as antibody positive forLeptospira interrogansserovars Bratislava, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Icterohaemorrhagiae or Pomona. Although exposure to these same six serovars of leptospirosis continued to be high (53% overall) in the counties we sampled, we detected leptospiral DNA in only 3·4% of feral swine kidneys tested. Based on these results, it appears that although feral swine can serve as a source of infection to humans, especially in those who are more likely to encounter them directly such as wildlife biologists, veterinarians, and hunters, the risk may be relatively low. However, further studies to examine the relationship between leptospiral shedding in the urine and kidneys in addition to culturing the organism are recommended in order to better understand the risk associated with feral swine.

scholarly journals Widespread detection of antibodies to Leptospira in feral swine in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
pp. 2131-2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PEDERSEN ◽  
K. L. PABILONIA ◽  
T. D. ANDERSON ◽  
S. N. BEVINS ◽  
C. R. HICKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Feral Swine ◽  
Livestock Predation

SUMMARYAs feral swine continue to expand their geographical range and distribution across the United States, their involvement in crop damage, livestock predation, and pathogen transmission is likely to increase. Despite the relatively recent discovery of feral swine involvement in the aetiology of a variety of pathogens, their propensity to transmit and carry a wide variety of pathogens is disconcerting. We examined sera from 2055 feral swine for antibody presence to six serovars of Leptospira that can also infect humans, livestock or domestic animals. About 13% of all samples tested positive for at least one serovar, suggesting that Leptospira infection is common in feral swine. Further studies to identify the proportion of actively infected animals are needed to more fully understand the risk they pose.

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in feral swine (Sus scrofa) in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila K. Cerqueira-Cézar ◽  
Kerri Pedersen ◽  
Rafael Calero-Bernal ◽  
Oliver C. Kwok ◽  
Isabelle Villena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
The United States ◽  
Feral Swine

The Political Theory Implicit in Social Casework Theory

1953 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Keith-Lucas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Government Function ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The political theory implicit in social casework theory can be defined, for purposes of this discussion, as the theory of the relationship between man and society on which professional social casework is consciously predicated, or that theory of the relationship which is logically implied by social casework practice. This theory is not often consciously articulated and we must look for it, therefore, in those presuppositions underlying casework theory which are frequently accepted uncritically, if not wholly unconsciously. This practice obviously cannot be carried on without basic (although perhaps not entirely conscious) presuppositions about what man is like and consequently about what society can or ought to do for him.The presuppositions underlying social casework theory, although important in any context, have acquired a new significance to the extent that social casework has increasingly become a government function. During the past twenty years literally millions of people in the United States have been brought into a new relationship with officials of their local, state, and national governments—namely, the relationship of client and social caseworker.

scholarly journals Perspectives on the past, present, and future of feral swine disease surveillance in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vienna R Brown ◽  
Michael C Marlow ◽  
Thomas Gidlewski ◽  
Richard Bowen ◽  
Angela Bosco-Lauth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Feral Swine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Swine Disease

“Let’s Not be Laughed at Anymore: Donald Trump and Japan from the 1980s to the Present”

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the central role of Japan’s rise to global economic prominence in the evolution of Donald J. Trump’s worldview. It traces how the transformation of the relationship between the United States and Japan during the 1980s informed Trump’s ideas about trade and protectionism, globalization, the international economy, and executive power. Trump, it argues, was a product of U.S.-Japanese relationship; while he began his public career as a prominent critic of Japan, claiming that the country exploited American trade and defense policy, his career in real estate heavily relied on Japanese finance. This contradictory approach continues to shape his understanding of Japan. As president, Trump repeatedly condemns Japan as predatory and protectionist, but also seeks expanded Japanese investment in the United States to revitalize the U.S. economy. Equally important, Trump has expanded criticisms originating with Japan to countries like China and Mexico, international agreements such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the North American Free Trade Agreement, and the World Trade Organization. By tracing Trump’s rhetorical, financial, and diplomatic encounters with Japan over the past thirty years, this article uncovers the sources of Trump’s contradictory attitudes towards trade, globalization, and cross-border investment and his understandings of strong leadership and executive power.

Healthcare Reform and the Workplace Experience of Nurses: Implications for Patient Care and Union Organizing

ILR Review ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Clark ◽  
Darlene A. Clark ◽  
David V. Day ◽  
Dennis G. Shea
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Healthcare Reform ◽  
The United States ◽  
Union Organizing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Workplace Experiences ◽  
Workplace Experience ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
The Relationship

The introduction of market-based reforms over the past twenty-five years has fundamentally changed the way healthcare is delivered in the United States. This paper reports the results of a survey of the workplace experiences and attitudes of hospital-based registered nurses under healthcare reform. The authors find that nurses who had experienced reform-related job restructuring held substantially more negative views of the climate for patient care than nurses who had not experienced restructuring. Also, nurses who had experienced reform-related mergers held more negative perceptions of the climate for patient care than those who had not been through a merger, although the relationship was less strong than it was for restructuring. Nurses concerned about a deteriorating climate for patient care indicated a desire for greater voice in the organization and staffing of hospitals and also indicated a greater readiness than other nurses to vote for a union.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Economic Freedom And Income Equality In The United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen L Webster
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Us States ◽  
Income Equality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Fraser Institute ◽  
The Relationship

While considerable research in the past has focused on the socioeconomic impact of economic freedom on economic growth among nations, less emphasis has been devoted to the relationship between economic sovereignty and income equality. This is particularly true when the area of focus has been restricted to comparisons among states within the United States. Furthermore, what work has been offered comparing US states has proven to be contradictory. Certain studies reviewed in this paper suggest that higher measures of economic freedom are associated with greater income inequality. On the other hand, evidence exists that less inequality is found in areas with greater economic autonomy. This study uses the Gini Index as measures of income distribution. The Fraser Institute in Vancouver, Canada offers well-respected measures of economic freedom among the US states and the provinces of Canada. These data are used to further examine relationships between state levels of economic freedom and income distribution with the intent to offer some general consensus regarding this all-important association.

From Circulation Numbers to Web Analytics

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-35
Author(s):  
Angèle Christin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Web Analytics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Journalistic Field ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter provides the structural and historical background for the analysis of web analytics. It traces the distinct relationships and quantitative modes of representation that developed between journalists and their publics over the course of the past century and a half. It also relates developments from the different trajectories of the journalistic field in the United States and France. The chapter offers a comparative genealogy of how the relationship between journalists and their readers shapes current interpretations and debates about web analytics. It also argues how impossible it is to separate the question of publics from the broader and conflicting forces that shape journalistic field.

Ranke: History as Worship

1980 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-555
Author(s):  
M. A. Fitzsimons
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Founding Father ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical History ◽  
The Relationship

Notoriously history has two principal meanings: the past itself and the historian's presentation of the results of his inquiry into it. When the latter meaning is examined, it is evident that, for all of his stance of common sense and matter-of-factness, the historian encounters his profession's form of the problem of knowledge. How and why does he select his sources? What is the validity or truth of his account? What is the relationship between fact and generalization? Does his avowed or unconscious motivation affect the historian's search, selection and presentation? Does his form of presentation affect his use of facts and his judgment?Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886), modern founding father of critical history and patron saint of devourers of archives, raised these questions and responded to them. His masterly histories of Reformation Germany, Prussia, England, France and the papacy were esteemed as the fruit and vindication of his method. In England and the United States, however, the method was identified with a few slogans and injunctions: history is primarily a study of politics and foreign policy; return to or search out the sources; evaluate them and prize, above all, the sources that present the testimony of participants and eyewitnesses; strive simply to tell things as they actually happened. So to reduce Ranke's position is intellectual primitivism, a primitivism that persisted because attempts to discuss the problem of historical knowledge were ignored or derided as futile.

scholarly journals Jackie (and Jill) Robinson in the Statehouse: Gender and Educational Attainment Influences on Office-Holding and Leadership Positions in the U.S. States

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Jayme L. Neiman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Gender Imbalance ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Female Candidates ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

While legislative gender disparity has declined over the past few decades, gender imbalance has continued to be a stubborn fact of representative democracy in the United States. This divide persists even though females have caught up in terms of the historical educational gap. These societal shifts have been significant, however little time has been devoted to analysis of legislator education levels and none to the relationship with gender in the extant literature. This paper seeks to fill that gap, looking at the intersection through the lens of one of the prevailing theories of the expectations of female candidates and legislators.

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