scholarly journals The relationship between abnormalities detected in live lambs on farms and those detected at post mortem meat inspection

1997 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. GREEN ◽  
E. BERRIATUA ◽  
K. L. MORGAN
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Meat Inspection ◽  
First Year ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Clinical Abnormality

A prospective longitudinal study of diseases of lambs born in December and January and housed through to slaughter was carried out on three flocks (A, B and C) between 1989 and 1991. In the first year of the investigation (1989–90) three cohorts of approximately 80 lambs were examined in detail on a regular (weekly or fortnightly) basis. This involved over 2000 examinations and at least one clinical abnormality was observed in each lamb. In the second year (1990–1) the farmers were asked to present sick lambs for treatment on the farm. Farmers from flocks A and B participated in this part of the study; a total of 97/1295 lambs that were slaughtered received at least one treatment.The carcases and visceral organs of lambs from each flock were observed after slaughter. There was no association between the abnormalities observed during routine examination of the cohort lambs (year 1) and those observed at post mortem meat inspection. However, in year 2, in lambs from flock A, there was a significant association between lambs treated for arthritis or pneumonia on the farm and the presence of arthritic or pleuritic lesions, respectively, post mortem. In both years of the study lambs which were older when slaughtered were significantly more likely to have pleuritic, pneumonic or arthritic lesions at meat inspection.It was concluded that routine examination of groups of lambs is an inefficient and possibly ineffective method to identify lambs with lesions at slaughter. However, lambs which have been treated for disease, and the older lambs in a flock, had an increased prevalence of lesions post mortem and hence more detailed inspection of these animals would increase the efficiency of meat inspection.

“The beat of my heart”: the relationship between resting heart rate and psychopathy in a prospective longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette Bergstrøm ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationships

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and psychopathy. The literature on heart rate vs criminality (including violence) is quite clear; low RHR is associated with engaging in violent and criminal behavior. However, results are not as consistent for psychopathy. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes heart rate measured at ages 18 and 48, and psychopathy at age 48, in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD). The CSDD is a prospective longitudinal study that has followed 411 boys from childhood to middle age, and measured social and biological factors of interest to the field of criminal psychology. Findings Interestingly, it was only heart rate at age 18 that was negatively and significantly related to psychopathy at age 48. No trends or relationships were found between heart rate at age 48 and psychopathy at age 48. The findings do, however, indicate that low heart rate at age 18 predicts psychopathy at age 48, and the strongest negative relationships are found between low heart rate (beats per minute) and impulsive and antisocial psychopathic symptoms. Originality/value This is the first ever longitudinal study showing that low RHR predicts later psychopathy. Suggestions for future research are outlined.

Does fear of movement mediate the relationship between pain intensity and disability in patients following whiplash injury? A prospective longitudinal study

Pain ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Kamper ◽  
Christopher G. Maher ◽  
Luciola da C. Menezes Costa ◽  
James H. McAuley ◽  
Julia M. Hush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Whiplash Injury ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Fear Of Movement ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Association of Serum Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor with the Occurrence of and Recovery from Delirium in Older Medical Inpatients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Williams ◽  
Karen Finn ◽  
Vincent Melvin ◽  
David Meagher ◽  
Geraldine McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Apache Ii ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Medical Inpatients ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

Limited studies of the association between BDNF levels and delirium have given inconclusive results. This prospective, longitudinal study examined the relationship between BDNF levels and the occurrence of and recovery from delirium. Participants were assessed twice weekly using MoCA, DRS-R98, and APACHE II scales. BDNF levels were estimated using an ELISA method. Delirium was defined with DRS-R98 (score > 16) and recovery from delirium as ≥2 consecutive assessments without delirium prior to discharge. We identified no difference in BDNF levels between those with and without delirium. Excluding those who never developed delirium (n=140), we examined the association of BDNF levels and other variables with delirium recovery. Of 58 who experienced delirium, 39 remained delirious while 19 recovered. Using Generalized Estimating Equations models we found that BDNF levels (Wald χ2=7.155; df: 1, p=0.007) and MoCA (Wald χ2=4.933; df: 1, p=0.026) were associated with recovery. No significant association was found for APACHE II, dementia, age, or gender. BDNF levels do not appear to be directly linked to the occurrence of delirium but recovery was less likely in those with continuously lower levels. No previous study has investigated the role of BDNF in delirium recovery and these findings warrant replication in other populations.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Study in Children With Sequential Bilateral Cochlear Implants: Time Course for the Second Implanted Ear and Bilateral Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth M. Reeder ◽  
Jill B. Firszt ◽  
Jamie H. Cadieux ◽  
Michael J. Strube
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Bilateral Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Contralateral Ear ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

PurposeWhether, and if so when, a second-ear cochlear implant should be provided to older, unilaterally implanted children is an ongoing clinical question. This study evaluated rate of speech recognition progress for the second implanted ear and with bilateral cochlear implants in older sequentially implanted children and evaluated localization abilities.MethodA prospective longitudinal study included 24 bilaterally implanted children (mean ear surgeries at 5.11 and 14.25 years). Test intervals were every 3–6 months through 24 months postbilateral. Test conditions were each ear and bilaterally for speech recognition and localization.ResultsOverall, the rate of progress for the second implanted ear was gradual. Improvements in quiet continued through the second year of bilateral use. Improvements in noise were more modest and leveled off during the second year. On all measures, results from the second ear were poorer than the first. Bilateral scores were better than either ear alone for all measures except sentences in quiet and localization.ConclusionsOlder sequentially implanted children with several years between surgeries may obtain speech understanding in the second implanted ear; however, performance may be limited and rate of progress gradual. Continued contralateral ear hearing aid use and reduced time between surgeries may enhance outcomes.

Duration of untreated psychosis: impact on 2-year outcome

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ADDINGTON ◽  
S. VAN MASTRIGT ◽  
D. ADDINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Psychosis ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

Background. The duration of untreated psychosis has been postulated to be a predictor of clinical outcome in schizophrenia. Although several prospective studies support the relationship, some studies do not. These differences may be due to a number of methodological issues. The objectives of this study are: (i) to address many of the methodological limitations of earlier studies such as variations in sample size and selection, type of treatment provided, differences in measurement of DUP and outcome, and length of follow-up; and (ii) to examine the relationship between DUP and outcome in a prospective longitudinal study.Method. The DUP of 200 consecutive admissions to a first-episode programme was determined. The sample was followed over 2 years and pre-morbid functioning, symptoms, social and cognitive functioning and substance use were assessed longitudinally.Results. Two years after admission to the programme, longer DUP was significantly associated with high levels of positive symptoms and poor social functioning. Independently of other variables, DUP predicted positive symptoms and social functioning at 1 and 2 years.Conclusions. There is evidence that long DUP continues to have an influence on outcome up to 2 years. These results support ongoing efforts for early detection and intervention.

scholarly journals The relationship between methamphetamine use and heterosexual behaviour: evidence from a prospective longitudinal study

Addiction ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 1276-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McKetin ◽  
Dan I. Lubman ◽  
Amanda Baker ◽  
Sharon Dawe ◽  
Joanne Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship
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