scholarly journals Understanding rapid charge and discharge in nano-structured lithium iron phosphate cathodes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
M. CASTLE ◽  
G. RICHARDSON ◽  
J. M. FOSTER
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Cell Discharge ◽  
Lithium Transport ◽  
Estimation Problems ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Dfn Model

A Doyle–Fuller–Newman (DFN) model for the charge and discharge of nano-structured lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathodes is formulated on the basis that lithium transport within the nanoscale LFP electrode particles is much faster than cell discharge, and is therefore not rate limiting. We present some numerical solutions to the model and show that for relevant parameter values, and a variety of C-rates, it is possible for sharp discharge fronts to form and intrude into the electrode from its outer edge(s). These discharge fronts separate regions of fully utilised LFP electrode particles from those that are not. Motivated by this observation an asymptotic solution to the model is sought. The results of the asymptotic analysis of the DFN model lead to a reduced order model, which we term the reaction front model (or RFM). Favourable agreement is shown between solutions to the RFM and the full DFN model in appropriate parameter regimes. The RFM is significantly cheaper to solve than the DFN model, and therefore has the potential to be used in scenarios where computational costs are prohibitive, e.g. in optimisation and parameter estimation problems or in engineering control systems.

Graphenised Lithium Iron Phosphate and Lithium Manganese Silicate Hybrid Cathodes: Potentials for Application in Lithium‐ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2982-2999
Author(s):  
Zolani Myalo ◽  
Chinwe Oluchi Ikpo ◽  
Assumpta Chinwe Nwanya ◽  
Miranda Mengwi Ndipingwi ◽  
Samantha Fiona Duoman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Manganese Silicate ◽  
Lithium Manganese

scholarly journals A Novel Pyrometallurgical Recycling Process for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Its Application to the Recycling of LCO and LFP

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Alexandra Holzer ◽  
Stefan Windisch-Kern ◽  
Christoph Ponak ◽  
Harald Raupenstrauch
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Subsequent Step ◽  
Pre Treatment

The bottleneck of recycling chains for spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is the recovery of valuable metals from the black matter that remains after dismantling and deactivation in pre‑treatment processes, which has to be treated in a subsequent step with pyrometallurgical and/or hydrometallurgical methods. In the course of this paper, investigations in a heating microscope were conducted to determine the high-temperature behavior of the cathode materials lithium cobalt oxide (LCO—chem., LiCoO2) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP—chem., LiFePO4) from LIB with carbon addition. For the purpose of continuous process development of a novel pyrometallurgical recycling process and adaptation of this to the requirements of the LIB material, two different reactor designs were examined. When treating LCO in an Al2O3 crucible, lithium could be removed at a rate of 76% via the gas stream, which is directly and purely available for further processing. In contrast, a removal rate of lithium of up to 97% was achieved in an MgO crucible. In addition, the basic capability of the concept for the treatment of LFP was investigated whereby a phosphorus removal rate of 64% with a simultaneous lithium removal rate of 68% was observed.

Graphite-Embedded Lithium Iron Phosphate for High-Power–Energy Cathodes

Nano Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Li ◽  
Ran Tao ◽  
Xinyi Tan ◽  
Jinhui Xu ◽  
Dejia Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Iron Phosphate

Selective Extraction of Lithium from a Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery by Mechanochemical Solid-phase Oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Quanyin Tan ◽  
Jinhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Green Process ◽  
Rapid Extraction ◽  
Phase Oxidation

This study proposes a green process for selective and rapid extraction of lithium from the cathode materials of spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries via mechanochemical solid-phase oxidation. The advantages...

Environmentally friendly automated line for recovering aluminium and lithium iron phosphate components of spent lithium-iron phosphate batteries

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2098206
Author(s):  
Haijun Bi ◽  
Huabing Zhu ◽  
Jialin Zhan ◽  
Lei Zu ◽  
Yuxuan Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Line ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Dust Collector ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Pneumatic Separation ◽  
Automated Line ◽  
The Impact

Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries contain metals, toxic electrolytes, organic chemicals and plastics that can lead to serious safety and environmental problems when they are improperly disposed of. The published literature on recovering spent LFP batteries mainly focuses on policy-making and conceptual design. The production line of recovering spent LFP batteries and its detailed operation are rarely reported. A set of automatic line without negative impact to the environment for recycling spent LFP batteries at industrial scale was investigated in this study. It includes crushing, pneumatic separation, sieving, and poison gas treatment processes. The optimum retaining time of materials in the crusher is 3 minutes. The release rate is the highest when the load of the impact crusher is 800 g. An air current separator (ACS) was designed to separate LFP from aluminium (Al) foil and LFP powder mixture. Movement behaviour of LFP powder and Al foil in the ACS were analysed, and the optimized operation parameter (35.46 m/s) of air current speed was obtained through theoretical analysis and experiments. The weight contents of an Al foil powder collector from vibrating screen-3 and LFP powder collector from bag-type dust collector are approximately 38.7% and 52.4%, respectively. The economic cost of full manual dismantling is higher than the recovery production line. This recycling system provides a feasible method for recycling spent LFP batteries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document