A New Model and its Implications for the Origin of Writing: The La Marche Antler Revisited

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco d'Errico
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
New Model ◽  
Artificial Memory

Current models for the origin of writing do not pay sufficient attention to the origin and early development of means adopted by modern humans to record, transmit and process information outside the human body. The present article attempts to fill this gap by elaborating a theoretical model able to classify and describe the variability of these systems. The model is applied to the study of the engraved antler from La Marche, one of the better-known Palaeolithic objects to have been interpreted as an early system of notation. Technical analysis of the marks, through application of a range of experimental criteria, suggests that the sets of marks carved on this object should be interpreted as an artificial memory system with a complex code based on the morphology and the spatial distribution of the engraved marks. These results have important implications for current theories on the origin of writing.

scholarly journals Dynamic In-game Advertising in 3D Digital Games

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Raatikainen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Game ◽  
New Model ◽  
Real Phenomenon

Abstract Lately, digital games have developed concerning their use as a marketing medium. The present article is part of a study aimed at building a theoretical model for measuring and analyzing dynamic in-game advertising in 3D digital games. The study is explorative in nature, because it intends to build a new model of a real phenomenon based on one or more existing theories. Dynamic in-game advertising can be implemented in a 3D digital game without harming the gameplay experience, while still being effective from the marketer’s point of view. An optimized dynamic in-game advertisement is realistically and repeatedly, but subtly placed and interactive advertisement of a low-involvement product.

A New Model for Nonlinear Wind Waves. Part 2. Theoretical Model

1979 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C. Yuen ◽  
Bruce M. Lake
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
New Model

Teaching and Learning Subsistence Skills: Did Premodern Hominins Use Language to Do It?

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Botha
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Evolution Of Language ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Cultures ◽  
Social Use ◽  
Linguistic Behaviour

Two recent studies—the first by MacDonald & Roebroeks (2013), the second by Tallerman (2013)—draw inferences about the social use of language by premodern hominins from data about the linguistic behaviour of modern hunter-gatherers and other modern people with traditional cultures. Such inferences cannot be sound, though, unless they meet a particular requirement: they need appropriate warrants. These have to serve as conceptual bridges that span the ontological gap between the behaviours and capacities of modern humans and those of the premodern hominins concerned. Interestingly, both MacDonald & Roebroeks and Tallerman make a serious attempt to support their respective inferences with the aid of such conceptual bridges. The present article inquires whether these bridges are strong enough to serve this purpose, and argues that both bridges have components that are harmful to their solidity. In the process of arguing this, the article pursues the question of the conditions under which uniformitarian assumptions can be used as components of the substructure of the conceptual bridges needed for underpinning inferences about the use of language in the teaching and learning of subsistence skills by premodern hominins. More generally, the article elucidates an important limitation of the ethnographic record as a putative window on the evolution of language.

Not Just Going with the Flow: The Effects of Fluid Flow on Bacteria and Plankton

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette D. Wheeler ◽  
Eleonora Secchi ◽  
Roberto Rusconi ◽  
Roman Stocker
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Chaotic Motion ◽  
Nutrient Acquisition ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Motion Characteristic

Microorganisms often live in habitats characterized by fluid flow, from lakes and oceans to soil and the human body. Bacteria and plankton experience a broad range of flows, from the chaotic motion characteristic of turbulence to smooth flows at boundaries and in confined environments. Flow creates forces and torques that affect the movement, behavior, and spatial distribution of microorganisms and shapes the chemical landscape on which they rely for nutrient acquisition and communication. Methodological advances and closer interactions between physicists and biologists have begun to reveal the importance of flow–microorganism interactions and the adaptations of microorganisms to flow. Here we review selected examples of such interactions from bacteria, phytoplankton, larvae, and zooplankton. We hope that this article will serve as a blueprint for a more in-depth consideration of the effects of flow in the biology of microorganisms and that this discussion will stimulate further multidisciplinary effort in understanding this important component of microorganism habitats.

Improving social and cognitive skills of socially maladjusted youth: the example of the pedagogical innovation in resocialization of minors

2018 ◽  
Vol 573 (8) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Justyna Siemionow
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Pedagogical Innovation ◽  
New Model ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Socially Maladjusted ◽  
Youth Centre

Adolescence is often a period of especially heightened vulnerability as a consequence of potential disjunctions between developing brain, behavioral and cognitive systems that mature along different timetables and under the control of both common and independent biological processes. Taken together, these developments reinforce the emerging understanding of adolescence as a critical or sensitive period for a reorganization of regulatory systems, a reorganization that is fraught with both risks and opportunities. Moreover, this period is the time of making important decisions by juveniles which are connected with their future. In the present article I describe the new model of working with pupils (from comprehensive school) and juveniles (from the Youth Centre) and propose to combine these two groups of participants which is a new solution in this area. Discussion in this article focuses on the benefits of different task which will be organized for both groups: pupils and juveniles. There is a growing pedagogical need to develop this type of programs.

Under-Actuated Humanoid Model With Elastomeric Springs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fry ◽  
Stanley Coram ◽  
Davide Piovesan
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Equilibrium Position ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Viscous Damping ◽  
Equivalent Viscous Damping ◽  
New Model ◽  
Design Iteration ◽  
Hysteretic Effect

This paper presents the mechanical modifications and simulation of a bipedal humanoid system actuated with linear springs to produce a standing equilibrium position. The original humanoid system is comprised of two leg assemblies connected by a hip bracket. Eleven pairs of springs were attached to the system in locations designed to simulate the muscles and tendons in a human body. The next evolution of the LUIGEE project is the inclusion of three servo motors per leg and a series of elastomeric springs. Although servo motors have been introduced, it is desired to maintain the passive, static aspect of the previous prototype. This paper reports on part modifications to accommodate servo motors and the introduction of polymeric springs that guarantee static stability. ABS plastic and photopolymer resin was used to produce the new model. Due to the size of the motors, some parts of the original robot were redesigned. The new design iteration was stimulated using SimWise 4D®, where the hysteretic effect of rubber was modelled with an equivalent viscous damping.

scholarly journals Doc2b serves as a scaffolding platform for concurrent binding of multiple Munc18 isoforms in pancreatic islet β-cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 464 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latha Ramalingam ◽  
Jingping Lu ◽  
Andy Hudmon ◽  
Debbie C. Thurmond
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Macromolecular Complex ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
New Model ◽  
Biphasic Insulin ◽  
Insulin Exocytosis

In the present article, we describe a novel macromolecular complex composed of Munc18c, Doc2b and Munc18-1 in β-cells. These data provide the basis for a new model wherein Doc2b scaffolding may facilitate the transient Munc18–SNARE associations occurring during biphasic insulin exocytosis.

scholarly journals The Art of Memory and Roman Art

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Siri Sande
Keyword(s):  
Memory System ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Roman Art ◽  
Artificial Memory ◽  
Mental Construct ◽  
Art And Architecture ◽  
Point Of Departure

This article takes as its point of departure sculptures in late Antique Constantinople and Rome and their use as possible “memory markers”, which the viewers would associate with specific areas in the cities. The lack of written street names made such “memory markers” an invaluable aid for the citizens to find their way around. The fact that sense impressions, notable visual ones, trigger off memories, was used by the Romans to form an artificial memory system built on the concepts of loci and imagines. This system was the prerogative of the members of the upper classes, forming part of their rhetorical training. It is here argued that such mental construct of art and architecture would have influenced the Romans’ way of regarding art, both new and recycled monuments.

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