The Ampleforth fragments: a preliminary survey

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Joan Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Liturgical Music ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Southern Germany

The fragments of liturgical music held in the monastic library of Ampleforth Abbey, Yorkshire, consist of thirty-three manuscript parchment leaves of varying sizes, most of which appear to have been used as strengtheners for book bindings.1 It is difficult to determine their provenance but some clues may be found in the variety of their neume styles. Six of the fragments are written with staffless neumes, the rest have staff notation, including eleven leaves from an Office antiphoner. There are also several fragments with square notation in a mensural form. The neume styles indicate a wide time-span, probably from the eleventh century to the mid-fifteenth century. The geographical region suggested by the notation is, for the most part, that of Lorraine and of southern Germany.

The English Kyrie

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Planchart
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Southern Germany ◽  
History Of

This chapter discusses the history of the English Kyrie, an important prayer of Christian liturgy. More specifically, it examines both the suppression of the English Kyries on the Continent and the attempt, particularly in the later fifteenth century, to recover some of these Kyries in a different guise. It first provides an overview of the connection between the Eastern Kyrie litany and the Kyrie of the mass before discussing five “manners” of singing the Kyrie eleison in the early eleventh century. It then explores how the early Kyrie repertory of post-conquest England became almost entirely northern French in character and how a large repertory of English mass music was copied in northern Italy and southern Germany. It also considers the efforts of some scribes to salvage the English Kyries by transforming them into motets. Finally, it analyzes the surviving English fragments of the Kyrie as well as the manner in which English masses were transmitted in continental sources.

A Descriptive Catalogue of Eight Medieval Manuscripts from Wadham College, Oxford

The Library ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-476
Author(s):  
Zachary E Stone
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Confessio Amantis ◽  
Medieval Manuscripts

Abstract Ranging from an eleventh-century Gospel Book to a fifteenth-century copy of John Gower's Confessio Amantis, the medieval manuscripts of Wadham College merit more extensive consideration than they have hitherto received. This article seeks to enable and encourage the continued investigation of Wadham College's manuscript collection by providing preliminary descriptions for eight manuscripts lacking modern descriptions (MSS 1, 2, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 10.19).

Illustrations of Human Effigies in Tibetan Ritual Texts: With Remarks on Specific Anatomical Figures and Their Possible Iconographic Source

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-97
Author(s):  
BRYAN J. CUEVAS
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Patron Saint

AbstractThe ritual use of objects and images designed to serve as effigies or surrogates of specific persons, animals or spirits is more or less universal across cultures and time. In Tibet, recent archaeological evidence attests to the use of illustrated effigies possibly dating from the eleventh century. Other early Tibetan images include anthropomorphic figures inscribed on animal skulls. The practical use of effigies in Tibetan ritual, both Buddhist and Bon-po, was almost certainly derived from much older Indian practices transmitted to Tibet. In this article illustrated effigies, their iconography and ritual use are discussed and the article concludes with the translation and transliteration of a short work by the fifteenth-century treasure revealer (gter-ston) and patron saint of Bhutan Padma-gling-pa (1450–1521), which gives instructions on how to draw a liṅga for a ritual of defence against human adversaries.

scholarly journals Las técnicas constructivas en las murallas medievales de Almería

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Gurriarán Daza
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Rammed Earth ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Typical Scheme ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Middle Ages

Building techniques in the medieval walls of AlmeríaAlmería was one of the most important cities in al-Andalus, a circumstance that was possible thanks to the strength of its port. Its foundation as an urban entity during the Caliphate of Córdoba originated a typical scheme of an Islamic city organized by a medina and a citadel, both walled. Subsequent city’s growths, due to the creation of two large suburbs commencing in the eleventh century, also received defensive works, creating a system of fortifications that was destined to defend the place during the rest of the Middle Ages. In this work we will analyse the construction techniques used in these military works, which cover a wide period from the beginning of the tenth century until the end of the fifteenth century. Although ashlar stone was used in the Caliphate fortification, in most of these constructions bricklayer techniques were used, more modest but very useful. In this way, the masonry and rammed earth technique were predominant, giving rise to innumerable constructive phases that in recent times are being studied with archaeological methodology, thus to know better their evolution and main characteristics. 

Nizam al-Mulk Remembered

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-148
Author(s):  
Neguin Yavari
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Fifteenth

The focus in the fifth and final chapter is on the afterlife of Nizam al-Mulk, of his legacy as well as of his representations. By the late fifteenth century, in Timurid Iran, Nizam al-Mulk is already the stuff of legend. In one historian’s estimation, the vizier is a veritable eleventh-century avatar of the martyr par excellence of Shi’i lore Husayn b. ‘Ali (d. 680), and the progenitor of modern Iran. But the story of Nizam al-Mulk does not end with his metamorphosis into a crypto-Shi‘i and a proto-Iranian patriot. In the 2010s, it is Nizam al-Mulk who is the most regularly invoked exemplar of legitimate Islamic governance, exhorting prudence and expedience to guide the Iranian polity through the treacherous waters of nuclear negotiations with the West, and to domesticate outlier and extremist fervor. The Iranian invocation of Nizam al-Mulk differs radically from his depiction in modern Sunni—Arab or Turkish—historiography. That living legacy is the true history of the laureled vizier.

The compilation and ownership of the ‘St Emmeram’ codex (Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 14274)

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 161-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Rumbold
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Southern Germany ◽  
The Core ◽  
Polyphonic Music

The manuscript Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 14274 (now also ‘Tresorhandschrift l’) is a large collection of mensural polyphonic music, mostly composed in the first half of the fifteenth century, although a few pieces date back to the late fourteenth. Apart from its importance as a musical source (more than half the compositions it contains are unknown from other sources), Clm 14274 is the geographically northernmost representative of the small group of manuscripts from northern Italy and southern Germany which contain the core of the surviving repertory of early-fifteenth-century polyphony, and, as such, provides potentially vital documentary material for the study of this repertory.

The office of the cantor in early Western monastic rules and customaries: a preliminary investigation

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 29-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot E. Fassler
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Liturgical Music ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Scholarly Attention

TheRule of St Benedict(c.520) mentions a cantor only once. The celebrated twelfth-centuryLiber ordinis, a book of monastic regulations compiled at the Abbey of St Victor in Paris, requires several folios to outline all the duties of the cantor's office. During the six centuries separating these two sources, the monastic cantor had become one of the most important persons in the religious community: he supervised all aspects of music-making, he was in charge of the library and the scriptorium, and he oversaw and directed the celebration of the liturgy. Yet even though the cantor had a crucial role in the performance and transmission of medieval liturgical music, very little scholarly attention has been given to his office. This study offers some theories concerning the evolution of the cantor's office, and a description of that office during the late eleventh century, the period in which it reached its zenith. Many issues will be raised that, it is hoped, will suggest directions for further research.

scholarly journals PANAKAWAN WAYANG KULIT PURWA: Asal-usul dan Konsep Perwujudannya

Panggung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunarto
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Magic Power ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Wayang Kulit

Panakawan is a group of purwa shadow puppet having a specific embodiment. The embodiment of panakawan figures is shown in unproportional body and caricaturistics. The question is since when panakawan figures appear and how the concept of embodiment is. To answer that question, the research is done through historical approach to track the existence of panakawan figures, while the iconography is used to identify panakawan figures in terms of embodiment, and in tracing the concept of panakawan embodiment is done through structural approach.This study found that panakawan history can be traced through two sources, namely verbal and pictorial sources. Verbal is any source that is obtained from written works, whereas pictorial is any source of artifacts. The term of Panakawan was first found on serat Gattkacasraya by Empu Panuluh in the eleventh century and on Kitab Nawaruci  by Empu Siwamurti in the fifteenth century. Panakawan was also found on several sources of puppet plays, among others: Kidung Sudamala, Serat Purwakanda, Serat Pustakarajapurwa, and Serat Purwacarita. On artifact sources, it was found on temple reliefs and on some kinds of puppet. The concept of panakawan embodiment was inspired by the disabled people who have magic power. The people of this type in Yogyakarta palace are called Abdi Dalem Palawija, whereas in the ancient Java they were included in the character of i’jro. Keywords: Panakawan, history, concept

scholarly journals Oleksiy Tolochko’s Concept and the Origin of the Short Pravda Russkaia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Joukovskaia
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Collective Effort ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
Holistic Theory

A wide circle of historians, lawyers, and secondary school teachers are interested in the Pravda Russkaia. This review analyses the historiographical situation around the study of this important artefact after the publication of The Short Pravda: The Origin of the Text (2009) by Oleksiy Tolochko, in which the author develops the opinion that the Short Pravda appeared later than the Expanded Pravda, which was expressed by prominent linguists and historians (E. F. Karskii, S. P. Obnorskii, A. I. Sobolevskii, etc.) in the first half of the twentieth century but later discarded by Soviet scholarship. By combining various methods from source studies, the author proves that the Short Pravda did not originate as a legal document in the eleventh century, but as a fragment of The Chronicle of Novgorod in the early fifteenth century. The review shows that specialists’ responses to Tolochko’s book are limited to a few journal publications, each of which criticises one or two of separate arguments but does not systematically consider the proposed holistic theory of the artefact’s origin (articles by K. Zukerman, P. V. Lukin, A. A. Gorskii, A. Y. Degtyarev, etc.). Any attempt at summarising the results of the controversy leads to the belief that the discussion is methodologically unsound. The analysis of an article from the Pravda that is taken out of context can lead to opposing interpretations depending on the choice of the parameters preferred by a given author at a given time. Considering the fundamental nature of the Pravda Russkaia for the history of medieval Russia, the reviewer concludes that it is necessary to make an effort (probably a collective effort) towards a systematic analysis of Tolochko’s hypothesis: the traditional isolated study of this most important legal document should be placed within the broader framework of a comprehensive study of the collections in which the short and expanded versions of the Pravda have been preserved.

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