Conflict in the Pediatric Setting: Clinical Judgment vs. Parental Autonomy

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnon Goldworth
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pediatric Setting ◽  
Withdrawal Of Treatment ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Parental Autonomy

Over the past several decades, conflicts between physicians and patients or patient surrogates concerning continued treatment or the withdrawal of treatment have received public and legal attention. In more recent years, there have been several prominent Instances in which physicians have refused to provide treatment requested by patient surrogates because such treatment was judged to be futile. The claim that a treatment is futile has far reaching consequences. It serves to justify the withholding or withdrawal of treatment and thus, perhaps, to also justify the rationing of healthcare. It limits the autonomy of the patient or patient surrogate by reducing their participation in the decision making process.

A Big Thank You to our Reviewers in the Past Year!

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past

Good reviewers are essential to the success of any journal and peer review is a major pillar of science. We are grateful to those mentioned below to have dedicated their time and expertise to help our authors improve and refine their manuscripts and support the Editor(s) in the decision making process in the past year.

scholarly journals PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA (TKI) PEREMPUAN UNTUK BEKERJA DI LUAR NEGERI: KASUS KABUPATEN CILACAP

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Aswatini Raharto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Women Migrants ◽  
Economic Reason ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Work Abroad

In the past, women migrants are considered as passive migrants following their parents or husbands. However, the increasing number of Indonesian women migrating to work abroad, even outnumbering men, suggests the importance of understanding the reasons underlined their movements. This article examines the decision-making process of working abroad among the returned Indonesian women migrants. A quantitative approach was used to analyze secondary data from several government institutions. Also, the qualitative approach was utilized to understand the migration decision-making process. The study was conducted in Cilacap District, one of the major labor migrant sending districts in Indonesia. The result showed that women have no other choice than working abroad, mainly due to the economic reason. Moreover, the initiative to work abroad commonly comes from the women themselves, while other family members, especially father and husband, only give their consent. It can be said that women are more autonomous and self-assured when deciding to work abroad. 

A Big Thank You to our Reviewers in the Past Year!

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past

Good reviewers are essential to the success of any journal and peer review is a major pillar of science. We are grateful to those mentioned below to have dedicated their time and expertise to help our authors improve and refine their manuscripts and support the Editors in the decision making process in the past year.The following received out Top Reviewer of the Year award:We wish all our readers, reviewers, authors and friends a happy and prosperous 2018!Matthias Schott, MD, PhD Stefan R. Bornstein, MD, PhD Constantine A. Stratakis, MD, D(med)Sci Editors-in-Chief

Marshmallows and Braking Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Craig J. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internal States ◽  
Decision Making Processes

This chapter argues that suicide can be more usefully understood as a consequence of decision-making processes that are vulnerable to environmental and social influence rather than a consequence of internal states or traits such as mental illness. Mental illness and emotional distress more generally are better understood as one particular context within which the decision to make a suicide attempt or not often presents itself, but this does not mean that mental illness is the only context within which this choice is considered. This also does not mean that mental illness causes suicide. The basic concept involved in the marshmallow experiment—decision-making under different conditions—has received increased attention in the past decade among suicide researchers. Studies reveal that the decision-making process of someone who almost died as a result of a suicide attempt was no different from the decision-making process of someone who had never attempted suicide, was not currently suicidal, and did not have a mental illness. This finding lines up with the idea that there can be multiple pathways to suicide.

Learning From the Past

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-126
Author(s):  
Immacolata Carcarino
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
Very High

Learning from past experiences should be considered vital in every decision-making process. It becomes even more important when lessons could save lives. Past experiences could indeed support the development of survival courses and reintegration processes for military and civilian personnel deployed in hostile environments. Moreover, the integration of lessons from the past and basic techniques could be useful for anyone working, or simply traveling, in areas where the risk of isolation and/or kidnapping is considered very high. During an isolation event, every aspect should be considered from support to families during captivity to the reintegration into everyday life. Governments, NGOs, and international organizations should look at the past and learn how to establish an effective system to repatriate and reintegrate their representatives.

A Big Thank You to our Reviewers in the Past Year!

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past

Good reviewers are essential to the success of any journal and peer review is a major pillar of science. We are grateful to those mentioned below to have dedicated their time and expertise to help our authors improve and refine their manuscripts and support the Editors in the decision making process in the past year.

scholarly journals Recurrence of endometrial cancer in a hysterectomised patient treated with tamoxifen for breast cancer: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 454-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Woolas ◽  
Megan Davis ◽  
Siavash Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
The Past

Tamoxifen exposure is a recognised risk for primary endometrial cancer. This case serves as a reminder to meticulously check the past medical history and inform patients of the risk-benefit of treatment as part of a shared-decision making process.

scholarly journals Sick and Vulnerable Migrants in French Public Hospitals. The Administrative and Budgetary Dimension of Un/Deservingness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jérémy Geeraert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Healthcare Rationing

This article explores how staff in French public hospitals are indirectly involved in the governing of migration through healthcare. It unpacks the construction of differentiated values of life assigned to specific categories of vulnerable (authorised and unauthorised) migrants according to their perceived un/deservingness in context of budgetary restrictions. This context emphasises tensions between medical and administrative staff in the decision-making process regarding access to healthcare. The analysis rests upon empirical data (participant observations and semi-directed interviews) gathered in ‘healthcare access units’ located in public hospitals. Perceptions of un/deservingness lead to both healthcare rationing and healthcare denial and are built upon entangled criteria related to both migration status and budgetary concerns. These mechanisms reveal the administrative and budgetary dimensions that underlie the perceptions of health-related un/deservingness, which is linked to the costs of healthcare: the higher the costs, the less likely patients are to be designated to be deserving of healthcare.

scholarly journals The Asean Charter: An Analysis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Razak Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Usual Norm ◽  
Consensus Decision Making ◽  
Consensus Decision

The adoption of the ASEAN Charter in 2007 was believed to have transformed ASEAN to become a more institutional organisation with a profound framework and inclusive principles that act as a guideline to assist the process of disputes settlement and decision-making between the member countries. When the Eminent Persons Group (EPG) representing each of the countries addressed two main issues related to the recommendations to reform the norm and principles of ASEAN as well as the rights of the member countries to be put into the Charter, the ASEAN leader were not very receptive with the concept of using consensus decision-making process to impose sanctions and changes. Therefore, a watered-down ASEAN Charter was adopted portraying the un-readiness of the member countries to diverge away from the ‘ASEAN Way’ that had been implemented for the past 40 years. Despite the addition of two new principles that touches on the collective responsibility and enhancing consultation, the ASEAN Charter still does not exhibit the transformation of ASEAN as crafted by the EPG. The Charter also fails to provide pertinent mechanisms to address certain issues such as security and safety disputes. Hence, this article is written to confer the weaknesses of the ASEAN Charter and how important it is for ASEAN to move away for the usual norm of the ‘ASEAN Way’ in order to become a puissant organisation. Keywords: ASEAN Charter, EPG

scholarly journals Examples of Mental Mistakes Made by Systems Engineers While Creating Tradeoff Studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Bohlman ◽  
A. Terry Bahill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
System Design ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Design Documents

Problem statement: Humans often make poor decisions. To help them make better decisions, engineers are taught to create tradeoff studies. However, these engineers are usually unaware of mental mistakes that they make while creating their tradeoff studies. We need to increase awareness of a dozen specific mental mistakes that engineers commonly make while creating tradeoff studies. Aims of the research: To prove that engineers actually do make mental mistakes while creating tradeoff studies. To identify which mental mistakes can be detected in tradeoff study documentation. Methodology: Over the past two decades, teams of students and practicing engineers in Bahill’s Systems Engineering courses wrote the system design documents for an assigned system. On average, each of these document sets took 100 man-hours to create and comprised 75 pages. We used 110 of these projects, two dozen government contractor tradeoff studies and three publicly accessible tradeoff studies. We scoured these document sets looking for examples of 28 specific mental mistakes that might affect a tradeoff study. We found instances of a dozen of these mental mistakes. Results: Often evidence of some of these mistakes cannot be found in the final documentation. To find evidence for such mistakes, the experimenters would have had to be a part of the data collection and decision making process. That is why, in this paper, we present only 12 of the original 28 mental mistakes. We found hundreds of examples of such mistakes. We provide suggestions to help people avoid making these mental mistakes while doing tradeoff studies. Conclusions: This paper shows evidence of a dozen common mental mistakes that are continually being repeated by engineers while creating tradeoff studies. When engineers are taught about these mistakes, they can minimize their occurrence in the future.

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