Relationship Between Cognition and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Lawlor ◽  
Gregory Swanwick ◽  
Robert Coen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Much research has focused on neurochemical and neuropathologic changes in dementia. However, further research is required before definite conclusions can be made about the link between these neurochemical and neuropathologic changes and specific behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) (Zaudig, 1998). Similarly, the relationship between cognitive status and BPSD has yet to be clarified. Studies investigating the relationship between cognition and BPSD have yielded little consensus, ranging from no association to positive, negative, or mixed findings (Chen et al., 1998). Examples include differences in findings from studies relating the occurrence of psychosis to the severity of cognitive deficits (Ballard & Oyebode, 1995; Molchan et al., 1995; Wragg & Jeste, 1989); failure of some often-quoted associations, such as a relationship between psychosis and the rate of cognitive decline, to hold up under a rigorous critical appraisal of the published data; and contradictory findings regarding the effects of antidepressant treatment on cognition in patients with concomitant dementia and depression (Greenwald, 1995).

scholarly journals Depression and other behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia – separate research worlds in need of a common understanding

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianne M. van der Linde ◽  
Carol Brayne ◽  
Tom Dening
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Terms to describe the behavioral and psychological symptoms commonly seen in dementia, including “Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia” (BPSD), “non-cognitive symptoms,” and “neuropsychiatric symptoms,” were introduced in the 1980s and 1990s to draw attention to the heterogeneous group of symptoms that, distinct from cognitive deficits, are commonly seen in dementia and cause significant distress to patients and carers (Reisberget al., 1987; Cummingset al., 1994; Allen and Burns, 1995; Finkelet al., 1996). BPSD include a wide range of affective, psychotic, and hyperactivity symptoms, and studies include different combinations of symptoms. These symptoms are also often studied individually outside the context of BPSD in the older population with or without cognitive impairment. Depression is most frequently studied, particularly in the older population without dementia. The relationship between dementia and depression in older people and the courses of the two disorders have been an important research topic for around 70 years (Roth, 1955).

scholarly journals Caregiver distress associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms in mild Alzheimer's disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Pedro Balieiro Jr. ◽  
Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira ◽  
Marina Ceres Silva Pena ◽  
José Humberto Silva-Filho ◽  
Francisco de Assis Carvalho do Vale
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Caregiver Distress ◽  
Night Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between Caregiver Distress and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementias (BPSD) in mild Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Fifty patients and caregivers were interviewed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Results: 96.0% of the patients had at least one BPSD. The mean NPI total score was 19.6 (SD=18.05; range=0-78) whereas the mean Caregiver Distress Index (CDI) total score was 11.5 (SD=10.41; range=0-40). For the individual symptoms, the weighted mean CDI was 2.8 (SD=1.58). All symptom CDI means were higher than 2.0 except for euphoria/elation (m=1.8; SD=1.49). There were correlations between CDI and derived measures (Frequency, Severity, FxS, and Amplitude) for all symptoms, except Disinhibition and Night-time behavior. Correlations ranged between 0.443 and 0.894, with significance at p<0.05. Conclusions: All the derived measures, including amplitude, were useful in at least some cases. The data suggests that CDI cannot be inferred from symptom presence or profile. Symptoms should be systematically investigated.

Are Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia Associated With Mortality in Alzheimer's Disease?

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Gilley
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with a substantial reduction in life expectancy, and mortality has long been evaluated as part of the natural history of this progressive disease. Survival time also plays an important role in projecting the future public health costs of AD. There is now considerable evidence linking mortality in AD with the severity of cognitive impairment and the level of disability in common activities of daily living (Bowen et al., 1996; Jagger et al., 1995; Moritz et al., 1997); established predictors of mortality in AD are listed in Table 1. However, the relationship between mortality and other disease characteristics has received less attention.

scholarly journals Correlation between Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer Type Dementia and Plasma Homocysteine Concentration

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanjie Zheng ◽  
Jindong Wang ◽  
Lei Yi ◽  
Hui Yu ◽  
Lingli Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Alzheimer Type ◽  
Homocysteine Concentration ◽  
Alzheimer Type Dementia ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine Concentration ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

The relationship between plasma homocysteine and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) has not been specifically investigated in previous research. In this study, we compared plasma homocysteine (Hcy) among 40 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with BPSD, 37 AD patients without BPSD, and 39 healthy controls. Our results evidenced that the plasma homocysteine levels in AD patients with BPSD and without BPSD were higher than healthy controls and that the plasma homocysteine concentration in AD patients with BPSD was the highest among the three groups. Significant correlation between plasma homocysteine concentration and cognitive decline and duration of dementia was observed, but there was no correlation between BPSD and cognitive dysfunction or duration of dementia. In conclusion, this study showed for the first time that BPSD were associated with plasma homocysteine concentration in Alzheimer's dementia, and the results supported that hyperhomocysteine may take part in the pathogenesis of BPSD.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Experience of Nursing Workload-Related Issues during Caring Patients with Dementia: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10448
Author(s):  
Younhee Kang ◽  
Yujin Hur
Keyword(s):  
Mental Stress ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Nursing Workload ◽  
Dementia Patient ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), which appear in all dementia patients, demand sizable commitments of time and effort from nurses. This study aims to identify issues related to the workloads of nurses who provide care for dementia patients via qualitative meta-synthesis. Eleven articles were selected using a systematic review flowchart, which were then evaluated for their quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist. Collected data were analyzed using a line-of-argument method. Theme clusters were “increased workload due to characteristics of dementia”, “increased mental stress”, “difficulty associated with playing a mediator role in addition to nursing duties”, and “lacking systematic support for dementia patient care”. To reduce the workload and mental stress of nurses in dementia care, supportive measures appropriate for their occupational characteristics should be developed, based on workload estimates that account for the attributes of dementia patients.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Pain, Function, Behavioral, and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia and Quality of Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Resnick ◽  
Elizabeth Galik ◽  
Ann Kolanowski ◽  
Kimberly VanHaitsma ◽  
Marie Boltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

scholarly journals The Relationship between Neurocircuitry Dysfunctions and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuncheng Zhu ◽  
Daoliang Yang ◽  
Weidong Ji ◽  
Tianming Huang ◽  
Lianxue Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Paediatric Disease

The prefrontal cortex is the superlative structure of brain that needs the longest developmental and maturational duration that highlights the region of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in neuroimaging studies. Prefrontal cortex functions generate enormously complex and its abundant feedback neurocircuitries with subcortical structures such as striatum and thalamus established through dual neural fibers. These microneurocircuitries are called corticostriatothalamocortical (CSTC) circuits. The CSTC circuits paly an essential role in flexible behaviors. The impaired circuits increase the risk of behavioral and psychological symptoms. ADHD is an especial developmental stage of paediatric disease. It has been reported that the CSTC circuits dysfunctions in ADHD are related to homologous symptoms. This study aimed to review the symptoms of ADHD and discuss the recent advances on the effects of the disease as well as the new progress of treatments with each circuit.

Anxiety in the Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobo E. Mintzer ◽  
Olga Brawman-Mintzer ◽  
Dario F. Mirski ◽  
Karin Barkin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Anxiety symptoms in dementia can be seen as an expression of stress in predisposed patients who become aware of their cognitive decline. In later stages of the disease, when awareness is lost, the presence of anxiety symptoms cannot be explained as a reaction to this type of stress. The presence of anxiety symptoms in the more impaired patients becomes similar and probably as complex in its etiology and clinical manifestations as other behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). In this review, we will discuss anxiety symptoms in BPSD.

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