scholarly journals 445 - The factors associated with the presence of psychotic symptoms in the HELIAD Greek community study of older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 163-164
Author(s):  
Helen-Maria Vasiliadis ◽  
Rossettos Gournelis ◽  
Vassia Efstathiou ◽  
Nikos Stefanis ◽  
Mary H. Kosmidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychotic Symptom ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Affirmative Answer ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past

ABSTRACTBackground:The prevalence and associated factors related to psychotic symptoms in older adults are understudied. The objectives were to assess the prevalence, incidence and factors associated with psychotic symptoms in a representative Greek sample of community living older adults.Methods:This study includes older adults aged ≥ 65 years participating in the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet. The analysis is based on n=1,904 participants with available data at baseline and n=947 participants at the 3-year follow-up. The presence of delusions and hallucinations in the past month was assessed on the grounds of the 17 symptoms of the Columbia University Scale for Psychopathology in Alzheimer's Disease and of the 14 symptoms of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. An affirmative answer to any of these 31 symptoms defined the presence of psychotic symptoms. A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment for probable diagnosis of dementia and physical comorbidity was carried out by neurologists. Study factors included age, education, marital status, widowed in the past year, occupation, hearing impairment and number of chronic comorbidities. Penalized logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of psychotic symptoms.Results:The past-month prevalence of any psychotic symptom was 1.9% and 1.0% when excluding cases of dementia. The prevalence of any delusion and hallucination was 1.5% and 0.7%, and 0.8% and 0.3% when excluding cases with dementia. Paranoid delusions were the most prevalent. The incidence at the follow-up of any psychotic symptom was 2.1% and 1.3% when excluding dementia. Individuals not married had twice the odds and, farmers/breeders had three times the odds than public servants/teachers/executives of experiencing psychotic symptoms. Hearing impairment and the number of comorbidities increased the odds of the presence of psychotic symptoms. In addition to age and recent widowhood, these factors remained significantly associated with the presence of psychotic symptoms in cases without dementia.Conclusion:Dementia was not related to over half of the cases observed with psychotic symptoms. Paranoid delusions were the most prevalent. Socio-economic and health status factors are significant predictors of psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Health care are associated with worsening of frailty in community older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair Almeida Carneiro ◽  
Cássio De Almeida Lima ◽  
Fernanda Marques da Costa ◽  
Antônio Prates Caldeira
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Robust Variance ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Use Of Health Services

OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with the worsening of frailty in older adults resident in the community. METHODS: This is a prospective, longitudinal, and analytical study. The data collection in the baseline occurred in the participants’ homes from a random sampling by conglomerates. Demographic and socioeconomic variables, morbidities, and use of health services were analyzed. Frailty was measured by the Edmonton Frail Scale. The second data collection was performed after an average period of 42 months. The adjusted prevalence ratios were obtained by multiple Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. RESULTS: A total of 394 older adults participated in both phases of the study, with 21.8% of them presenting worsening of the frailty condition. The variables that remained statistically associated with the transition to a worse state of frailty were: polypharmacy, negative selfperception of health, weight loss, and hospitalization over the past 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The factors associated with worsening of frailty along the studied period among older adults in the community were those related to health care. This result must be considered by health professionals when addressing frail and vulnerable older adults.

scholarly journals Factors associated with follow-up difficulty in longitudinal studies involving community-dwelling older adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0237166
Author(s):  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
Manami Ejiri ◽  
Harukazu Tsuruta ◽  
Yukie Masui ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Factors That Contribute to Recovery of Community Mobility After Hospitalization Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
Elina U. Wells ◽  
Courtney P. Williams ◽  
Richard E. Kennedy ◽  
Patricia Sawyer ◽  
Cynthia J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Religious Service Attendance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aimed to determine the proportion of older adults who recovered community mobility after hospitalization and identify factors associated with recovery. Using a random sample of 1,000 Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years of age, we identified individuals with at least one hospitalization over 8.5 years of follow-up. Data were collected at baseline and every 6 months, including demographics, function, social support, community mobility measured by the UAB Life-Space Assessment (LSA), and overnight hospital admissions. Recovery was defined as a LSA score no more than five points lower than the prehospitalization LSA score at last follow-up. Overall, 339 participants ( M age = 75.4 [ SD = 6.6] years, 44% African American, 48% female) had at least one hospitalization. In the full logistic regression model, younger age ( p = .007) and religious service attendance ( p = .001) remained independently associated with recovery. An understanding of factors associated with recovery after hospitalization may provide a target for future interventions.

Older Adults and Functional Decline: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. McCurry ◽  
Laura E. Gibbons ◽  
Gail E. Bond ◽  
Linda Teri ◽  
Walter A. Kukull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Japanese Speakers ◽  
Lifestyle Practices

Background: The study was conducted to examine the relationships between functional decline, health risk factors, lifestyle practices, and demographic variables in two culturally diverse, community-based samples of White and Japanese American older adults. Design: The study was an analysis of data from two ongoing studies of aging and dementia in King County, Washington. Functional status at baseline was evaluated, and factors associated with functional decline over a 4-year follow-up period were identified. The sample included 1,083 Japanese American and 1,011 White cognitively intact, community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older, who had no functional limitations at baseline and participated in at least one follow-up examination. Results: In 4 years of follow-up, 70% of the subjects reported no increase in functional limitation, and fewer than 5% of subjects declined in five or more activities. Risk factors associated with functional decline included increased age, female gender, medical comorbidity (particularly cerebrovascular disease, arthritis, and hypertension), elevated body mass index, poorer self-perceived health, and smoking. Depression and diabetes were also significant for persons with the greatest functional decline over the 4-year follow-up. Japanese speakers were significantly less likely to decline over the follow-up period than White or English-speaking Japanese American subjects. However, Japanese speakers were more likely to discontinue participation during the follow-up period, and may also have been more likely to underreport symptoms of functional decline. Conclusions: The present study provides further support that healthy lifestyle practices and prevention of chronic disease are important for maintaining functional independence in older adults. Japanese-speaking subjects were less likely to decline over time, although this could be due in part to differential dropout and reporting bias. These findings have important implications for the design and interpretation of longitudinal studies of older adults. Researchers interested in the effects of ethnicity on health and aging should be cognizant of differences in recruitment and enrollment strategies among studies, and the ways in which these affect study findings. This study also demonstrates the importance of devoting adequate resources to minimize dropouts, and of including measures of health and functioning that are culturally equivalent and less reliant on self-report data.

scholarly journals Telephone Quitline Use and Effectiveness Among Young Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Ann Malarcher ◽  
Jennifer M. Bombard ◽  
Vance Rabius
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Age Related

Introduction: Although smoking prevalence has declined dramatically among adults in the past 40 years, 19.3% of adults still smoke, including 20.1% of adults aged 18–24 years. Quitlines are effective, population-based interventions that increase successful cessation.Aims: This study aims to describe the characteristics of young adult smokers aged 18–24 years who used telephone cessation counselling for assistance with quitting, to assess self-reported quit rates, and to examine predictors of quitting, compared to older adults.Methods: We examined data from 4,542 young adult smokers aged 18–24 years and 46,094 smokers aged ≥25 years who enrolled in the American Cancer Society's quitline services during 2006–2008.Results: Young adult smokers aged 18–24 years who called quitlines differed slightly from older adults in demographics and tobacco-use behaviours. There were no age-related differences in self-reported seven-day quit rates or 30-day quit rates at the seven-month follow-up. Predictors of quitting were mostly similar for the young adults and the older adults, although the odds of quitting were lower among young adults for living with vs. not living with a smoker.Conclusions: Although young adult smokers under-utilise telephone cessation quitlines for assistance with quitting, those who do use these services have quit rates similar to older adults.

scholarly journals Patient factors associated with new prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications in multimorbid US older adults using multiple medications

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Tabea Jungo ◽  
Sven Streit ◽  
Julie C. Lauffenburger
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Potentially Inappropriate Medications ◽  
Electronic Health Record Data ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Inappropriate Medications

Abstract Background The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) is common in older adults and is associated with potential negative consequences, such as falls and cognitive decline. Our objective was to investigate measurable patient factors associated with new outpatient prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications in older multimorbid adults already using multiple medications. Methods In this retrospective US cohort study, we used linked Medicare pharmacy and medical claims and electronic health record data from a large healthcare system in Massachusetts between 2007 and 2014. We identified patients aged ≥65 years with an office visit who had not been prescribed or used a PIM in the prior 180 days. PIMs were defined using 2019 Beers criteria of the American Geriatrics Society. To specifically evaluate factors in patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, we selected those who filled medications for ≥90 days (i.e., chronic use) from ≥5 pharmaceutical classes in the prior 180 days and had ≥2 chronic conditions. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the association between baseline demographic and clinical characteristics on the probability of being prescribed a PIM in the 90-day follow-up period. Results In total, we identified 17,912 patients aged ≥65 years with multimorbidity and polypharmacy who were naïve to a PIM in the prior 180 days. Of those, 10,497 (58.6%) were female, and mean age was 78 (SD = 7.5). On average, patients had 5.1 (SD = 2.3) chronic conditions and previously filled 6.1 (SD = 1.4) chronic medications. In total, 447 patients (2.5%) were prescribed a PIM during the 90-day follow-up. Male sex (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.06–1.57), age (≥85 years: HR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.56–0.99, 75–84 years: HR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.71–1.07; reference: 65–74 years), ambulatory visits (18–29 visits: HR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.06–1.92; ≥30 visits: HR = 2.12, 95%CI: 1.53–2.95; reference: ≤9 visits), number of prescribing orders (HR = 1.02, 95%CI: 1.01–1.02 per 1-unit increase), and heart failure (HR = 1.38, 95%CI: 1.07–1.78) were independently associated with being newly prescribed a PIM. Conclusion Several demographic and clinical characteristics, including factors suggesting lack of care coordination and increased clinical complexity, were found to be associated with the new prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications. This knowledge could inform the design of interventions and policies to optimize pharmacotherapy for these patients.

The factors associated with the presence of psychotic symptoms in the HELIAD Greek community study of older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Helen-Maria Vasiliadis ◽  
Rossetos Gournellis ◽  
Vasiliki Efstathiou ◽  
Nikos Stefanis ◽  
Mary H. Kosmidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Factors Associated

Reducing loneliness among older adults through providing free travel access: A population-based assessment of social isolation and free bus travel in older adults in England

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Frequency Of Use

Objective: To investigate associations of ownership and use of concessionary bus passes (CBP) with social isolation and loneliness among older adults in England.Methods: In 2012/13, participants (n=4,726, age ≥62y) reported whether they had a CBP and if yes, frequency of use in the past month (0/1-5/≥6 times). Social isolation and loneliness were assessed in 2012/13 and 2016/17. Logistic regression tested cross-sectional and prospective associations, adjusted for socio-demographics.Results: CBP ownership was cross-sectionally associated with reduced odds of social isolation (OR=0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.84) and loneliness (OR=0.73, 95% CI 0.58-0.91). Among CBP owners, those who had used it ≥6 times had lower odds of being isolated than those who hadn’t used it at all (OR=0.73, 95% CI 0.60-0.89). Longitudinally, CBP ownership was associated with reduced odds of loneliness (OR=0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.94) at four-year follow-up. A similar effect size was observed for social isolation (OR=0.69, 95% CI 0.46-1.04) but this did not reach significance (p=0.074). Frequency of use was not significantly associated with isolation or loneliness.Conclusion: The CBP scheme in England facilitates social interaction for older adults. CBPs may present a promising initiative for tackling social isolation which is currently a particularly prominent issue in this population group.

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