The role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of aorto-left ventricular tunnel

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Jovan Kosutic
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination

SummaryA case is presented of a 3.5-year-old boy with aorto-left ventricular tunnel. A diagnosis of isolated aortic regurgitation had been made at the age of 11 months following cardiac catheterization with selective left ventricular angiography and aortography. The correct diagnosis was established 2.5 years later following cross-sectional echocardiographic examination combined with color Doppler investigation.

scholarly journals Left ventricular noncompaction: Clinical-echocardiographic study

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Nikolic ◽  
Ljiljana Jovovic ◽  
Slobodan Tomic ◽  
Milan Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Noncompaction ◽  
Ventricular Noncompaction ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination ◽  
Myocardial Fibers

Background/Aim. Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a disorder in endomyocardial morphogenesis, seen either isolated (in the absence of other cardiac anomalies) or in association with congenital heart disease and some neuromuscular diseases. Intrauterine arrest of the compaction of myocardial fibers is postulated to be the reason of LVNC. Recognition of this condition is extremely important due to its high mortality and morbidity that lead to progressive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias and thromboembolic events. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical presentation of LVNC among consecutive outpatients according to clinical and echocardiographyic findings. Methode. A total of 3,854 consecutive patients examined at the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases within a period January 2006 - January 2007 were included in the study. All the patients underwent echocardiographic examination using the same equipment (Vivid 7, GE Medical System). Echocardiographic parameters and clinical presentation in patients with echocardiographic criteria for LVNC were analyzed. Results. Analyzing 3,854 consecutive outpatients, using two-dimensional Color Doppler echocardiography from January 2006 to January 2007, 12 patients met the criteria for LVNC. Seven of them were male. The mean age at diagnosis was 45 ? 15 years. Analyzing clinical manifestation of LVNC it was found that seven patients had signs of heart failure, six had arrhythmias with no embolic events. Conclusion. Our results suggest that the real prevalence of LVNC may be higher than expected. New studies have to be done to solve this problem.

Echocardiographic follow-up of percutaneous closure of the arterial duct in infants

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-337
Author(s):  
Luis Fernández Piñeda ◽  
Hugo Torrealday ◽  
Ramón Bermúdez Cañete ◽  
María J. Maitre Azcárate ◽  
Manuel Quero Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Duct

SummarySince February 1990, we have attempted nonsurgical occlusion of persistent patency of the arterial duct using the Rashkind double-disk occluding device, of either 12 or 17 mm diameter. Results are presented from 31 patients (23 female and eight male, ages 15 months to 16 years). M-Mode, cross-sectional, Doppler and color Doppler echocardiographic studies were made prior to closure, in the following 24 hours, and six months later. Left ventricular diastolic dimension and shortening fraction, systolic intervals, and left atrium/aortic ratio were evaluated by M-Mode echo. We examined carefully the location of the device relative to the left pulmonary artery and descending aorta, also checking for disturbed flows and residual shunts. These studies showed a clear tendency for the left ventricular diameter to decrease, and revealed a significant normalization of the left atrium/aortic ratio. Successful closure of the duct was achieved in 27 cases. Follow-up studies six months later showed residual shunting in four cases. In one patient, a second device was implanted with an excellent result. At the immediate follow-up, turbulences were noted in the area of the device (nine cases) and in the left pulmonary artery (seven cases). Distortion of the anatomic orientation of the left pulmonary artery was observed in three cases in which we discovered 20 mm Hg systolic gradients. In our opinion, echocardiography is the best technique with which to follow-up these patients. The high sensitivity of color Doppler echocardiography revealed minimal distortion of the left pulmonary artery, probably generated by regional anatomic adjustment to the insertion of the device.

Left Ventricular Thrombi and Embolic Events in Takotsubo Syndrome despite Therapeutic Anticoagulation

Cardiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (8) ◽  
pp. 504-510
Author(s):  
Claudia Stöllberger ◽  
Josef Finsterer ◽  
Birke Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heart Team ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Therapeutic Anticoagulation ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination

Introduction: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) may be complicated by left-ventricular (LV) thrombus formation in 1.3–5.3% of patients. Risk factors for thrombi comprise apical TTS, elevated levels of C-reactive protein and troponine, thrombocytosis, persisting ST segment elevation and right-ventricular involvement. Embolic risk appears high, and anticoagulation is recommended. Case Presentation: We present 3 females, aged 60–82 years, with TTS-associated LV thrombi and cerebral embolism despite therapeutic anticoagulation. Two patients showed apical and 1 patient midventricular ballooning. In 2 patients LV thrombi had not been present at the first echocardiographic examination. LV thrombi were multiple and highly mobile in 2 patients; 1 patient had a single immobile thrombus associated with spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC). In each case, 3 of the described risk factors for LV thrombus formation were identified. The embolic stroke occurred 41–120 h after TTS symptom onset and 21–93 h after the initiation of therapeutic anticoagulation. Two patients were discharged with a neurological deficit, and 1 of them eventually died as a consequence of the stroke. LV thrombectomy to prevent embolism, which has been reported in a small number of cases, had not been considered in our patients. Conclusion: At present, the management of patients with TTS-related thrombi is still unclear, and further studies are urgently needed to assess the best methods for imaging and anticoagulation and to determine the role of thrombolysis and cardiac surgery. Until these studies are available, we suggest the following approach: patients with a TTS-related thrombus should be monitored by echocardiography while receiving anticoagulation. In case of highly mobile LV thrombi, the heart team may consider cardiac surgery to prevent systemic embolism. The role of SEC in TTS remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Role of multidetector computed tomography angiography in evaluation of peripheral arterial disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2437
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Anil Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wall Calcification ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Infrapopliteal Arteries ◽  
Ct And Mri

Background: Diagnostic imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of peripheral arterial disease. Many imaging modalities are available ranging from conventional modalities to the cross-sectional modalities like Doppler ultrasound, DSA, CT and MRI. The main principles of imaging are to characterize the all lesions detected including type of plaques, no. of lesions, length of stenosis, diameter of vessel in pre-stenotic and post-stenotic segments, degree of wall calcification, assisting in pretreatment planning with respect to route of access, selection of balloon and demonstrates size, extent, neck dimention, and presence of thrombosis in cases with aneurysm.Methods: A Cross-sectional observational study was done in 30 patients. Clinically suspected patients of peripheral arterial disease based on history, sign and symptoms and patients diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease on color doppler were included in our study. Both modalities were compared for detecting the occlusion and stenotic segments.Results: A total of 476 vessel segments were imaged by both modalities. When all arterial segments were considered, MDCTA detected stenosis or occlusion lesions in 30% of arterial segments, versus 18.8% compared to DUS. MDCTA showed 9.8% (95% CI:[4.3%, 15.3%]) more lesions than DUS when all arterial segments were considered together, 11.2% (95% CI: [2.7%, 22.1%]) more lesions when only the iliac arteries were compared, 9.1% (95% CI: [3.2%, 17.2%]) more lesions when only the femoropopliteal arteries were compared, 8.9% (95% CI: [1.5%, 16.3%]) more lesions when only infrapopliteal arteries were compared and 13% (95% CI: [2.6%, 25.4%]) more lesions when only the upper limb arterial segments were compared, (p <0.05 for all comparisons).Conclusions: MDCTA may be used as a screening tool in patients with peripheral arterial disease as it is a non-invasive and more accurate modality when compared to DUS and plays important role in management.

Blind Traumas of the Scrotum: Three Case Reports

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
B. Ventimiglia ◽  
G. Santangelo ◽  
F. Failla ◽  
S. Consoli
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Clinical Evolution

The blind traumas of the scrotum are an uncommon event; references, iconography and descriptions of the clinical development of scrotal syndromes are poor. The scrotum and the didimal or funicular structures are often involved in different conditions. The authors are reporting on three interesting cases (for patients’ age, mechanism of traumatism and anatomic damage), gathered from a series of 12 cases of blind traumas of the scrotum, observed during 2 years (2005–2006). They include the iconography related to each single case, and emphasize the uncertain role of ultrasonography with color Doppler for a correct diagnosis. The clinical evolution and the long-term damage to gonad functionality are presented.

Abstract 400: Role of the 17beta-Estradiol/beta-Catenin Axis in Heart Failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Kararigas ◽  
Laura C Zelarayan ◽  
Karl Toischer ◽  
Gerd Hasenfuss ◽  
Hubertus Jarry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
End Stage

The role of β-catenin and the actions of 17β-estradiol (E2) in cardiovascular (patho)physiology remain unclear. In the diseased heart, E2 is expected to be cardioprotective. However, in the absence of prior disease, complications in pregnancy or transgender individuals indicate that E2 might lead to cardiovascular disease. We aimed at the characterization of the effects of the E2/β-catenin axis in the healthy C57Bl/6N heart. Two-month-old female C57Bl/6N wild-type (WT) and cardiac-specific β-catenin-deleted (β-cat Δex2-6 ) mice were ovariectomized and randomized to an E2-containing or soy-free (control, CON) diet ( n = 7-13/group). The 3-month physiological dose of E2 led to a significant repression of nuclear β-catenin levels vs. CON ( P < 0.001) in WT mice. This was underlain by a significant decrease in the heart weight to tibia length ratio and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area (E2 vs. CON WT mice P < 0.001). Echocardiography revealed a significant decrease in septum width ( P < 0.001), posterior wall thickness ( P < 0.01) and fractional shortening ( P < 0.05) in E2 vs. CON WT mice. Deletion of β-catenin abrogated these E2-mediated deleterious effects on cardiac structure and function. Mechanistically, we found a significant increase in the levels of the ubiquitin ligase and key regulator of proteasome-dependent protein degradation muscle-specific RING finger protein 1 (MuRF1) in E2 vs. CON WT mice ( P < 0.05), while there was no effect in β-cat Δex2-6 mice. Although we also hypothesized increased autophagic activity, we found no effect on the autophagy-related protein LC3 in WT or β-cat Δex2-6 mice. In a translational approach, we profiled the left ventricular transcriptome of female patients ( n = 5) with end-stage non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) vs. healthy controls ( n = 8). We found a significant induction in the expression of the genes coding for SFRP5 , a negative regulator of Wnt signaling, DACT2 , an antagonist of β-catenin, and APC2 , which is required for targeted degradation of β-catenin ( P < 0.01), in DCM samples. Our mouse data indicate that repression but not deletion of β-catenin leads to heart failure and our human data suggest that targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling in heart failure may be of therapeutic value.

I Will Be at Your (Bed)Side – The Role of Bedside Echocardiography for Non-Cardiologists

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 362-386
Author(s):  
Francesco Casella ◽  
Riccardo Schiavon ◽  
Elisa Ceriani ◽  
Chiara Cogliati
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Cardiac Ultrasound ◽  
Focused Cardiac Ultrasound ◽  
Brief Training ◽  
Bedside Echocardiography ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractAs the availability of portable echocardiographic equipment is becoming more and more widespread, physicians can add a powerful tool to their bedside examination skills, thus helping them to more effectively face the growing complexity of patients admitted to internal medicine departments or the emergency room. Focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) can be defined as a goal-directed, simplified, qualitative examination performed at the bedside using portable echocardiographic devices. FoCUS is not meant to be a substitute for a standard 2D color Doppler echocardiographic examination. Nevertheless, it can provide rapid and reliable information when limited to basic questions, even when performed by non-cardiologists with brief training. Furthermore, a focused cardiac ultrasound examination maximizes its diagnostic role when integrated with an ultrasonographic assessment of the lung, abdomen and deep veins, in a multisystem approach that is particularly dear to internists. In this article, we will focus on the specific targets of a focused cardiac ultrasound examination, as well as the most common pitfalls that can be encountered in ultrasonographic practice. We will also address the application of FoCUS in the management of two typical scenarios in clinical practice, such as dyspnea and non-post-traumatic hypotension.

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