scholarly journals How Are We Doing? Data Access and Replication in Political Science

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (02) ◽  
pp. 268-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Key
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Institutional Data ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Research Transparency ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mandatory Provision

ABSTRACTData access and research transparency (DA-RT) is a growing concern for the discipline. Technological advances have greatly reduced the cost of sharing data, enabling full replication archives consisting of data and code to be shared on individual websites, as well as journal archives and institutional data repositories. But how do we ensure that scholars take advantage of these resources to share their replication archives? Moreover, are the costs of research transparency borne by individuals or by journals? This article assesses the impact of journal replication policies on data availability and finds that articles published in journals with mandatory provision policies are 24 times more likely to have replication materials available than articles those with no requirements.

scholarly journals Analytic Transparency, Radical Honesty, and Strategic Incentives

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Yom
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Strategic Incentives ◽  
Research Transparency ◽  
Institutional Strategies

ABSTRACTAs a pillar of Data Access and Research Transparency (DA-RT), analytic transparency calls for radical honesty about how political scientists infer conclusions from their data. However, honesty about one’s research practices often means discarding the linguistic template of deductive proceduralism that structures most writing, which in turn diminishes the prospects for successful publication. This dissonance reflects a unique dilemma: transparency initiatives reflect a vision of research drawn from the biomedical and natural sciences, and struggle with the messier, iterative, and open-ended nature of political science scholarship. Analytic transparency requires not only better individual practices, such as active citations, but also institutional strategies that reward radical honesty. Journals can provide authors with protected space to reveal research practices, further blind the review process, and experiment with special issues. More broadly, analytic openness can be mandated through procedural monitoring, such as real-time recording of research activities and keystroke logging for statistical programs.

Impact of Advancing Technology on Nuclear Facility Operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan K. Corrado ◽  
Ronald M. Sega
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Many unfortunate and unintended adverse industrial incidents occur across the U.S. each year, and the nuclear industry is no exception. Depending on the severity, these incidents can be problematic for people, the facilities, and surrounding environments. These incidents occur for a number of varying reasons, but more often than not, human error is an accomplice. This article explores whether the complexity and changing technologies, which affect the way operators interact within the systems of the nuclear facilities, exacerbate the severity of incidents caused by human error. A review of nuclear incidents in the U.S. from 1955 to 2010 reaching level three or higher on the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES) scale was conducted. The cost of each incident at facilities that had recently undergone technological changes affecting plant operator's jobs was compared to those facilities which had not undergone changes. A t-test was applied and determined a statistically significant difference between the two groups. This affirmed that technological advances at nuclear facilities that affect how operators interact within the plant system increase the severity of resulting incidents. Next, a follow-on study was conducted to determine the impact from the incorporation of new technologies into nuclear facilities. The data indicated that spending more money on upgrades increased the capacity of the facility as well as the number of incidents reported, but the incident severity was minor.

Data collections of ESA DUE GlobPermafrost and ESA CCI+ Permafrost

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annett Bartsch ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Information System ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Active Layer Thickness ◽  
Rock Glacier ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
The Impact

<p>A Permafrost Information System (PerSys) based on satellite data has been setup as part of the ESA DUE GlobPermafrost project (2016-2019, www.globpermafrost.info). This includes a data catalogue as well as a WebGIS, both linked to the Pangaea repository for easy data access.</p><p>The thematic products available include InSAR-based land surface deformation maps, rock glacier velocity fields, spatially distributed permafrost model outputs, land surface properties and changes, and ground-fast lake ice. Extended permafrost modelling (time series) is implemented in the new ESA CCI+ Permafrost project (2018-2021, http://cci.esa.int/Permafrost), which will provide the key for our understanding of the changes of surface features over time. Special emphasis in CCI+ Permafrost is on the evaluation and development of land surface models to gain better understanding of the impact of climate change on permafrost and land-atmosphere exchange. Additional focus will be on documentation of kinematics from rock glaciers in several mountain regions across the world supporting the International Permafrost Association (IPA) action group ‘rock glacier kinematics as an essential climate variable’.</p><p>We will present the Permafrost Information System including the time series (2003-2017) of the first version of ground temperatures and active layer thickness for the entire Arctic from the ESA CCI+ Permafrost project. Further on, details on the user requirements collection process will be provided. Ground temperature is calculated for 0, 1m, 2m, 5m, and 10 m depth and has been assessed based on a range of borehole data. A survey regarding data repositories containing for validation relevant borehole data has been conducted. The records have been evaluated for the project purpose and harmonized. The resulting database will be eventually also made publicly available.</p>

scholarly journals Research Openness in Canadian Political Science: Toward an Inclusive and Differentiated Discussion

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Fuji Johnson ◽  
Mark Pickup ◽  
Eline A. de Rooij ◽  
Rémi Léger
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Journal Editors ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Research Transparency ◽  
Political Science Journals

AbstractIn this paper, we initiate a discussion within the Canadian political science community about research openness and its implications for our discipline. This discussion is important because the Tri-Agency has recently released guidelines on data management and because a number of political science journals, from several subfields, have signed the Journal Editors’ Transparency Statement requiring data access and research transparency (DA-RT). As norms regarding research openness develop, an increasing number and range of journals and funding agencies may begin to implement DA-RT-type requirements. If Canadian political scientists wish to continue to participate in the global political science community, we must take careful note of and be proactive participants in the ongoing developments concerning research openness.

scholarly journals Implementing and Managing a Data Curation Workflow in the Cloud

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Rios ◽  
Chun Ly
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Data Curation ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Institutional Data ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
The Cost

Objective: To increase data quality and ensure compliance with appropriate policies, many institutional data repositories curate data that is deposited into their systems. Here, we present our experience as an academic library implementing and managing a semi-automated, cloud-based data curation workflow for a recently launched institutional data repository. Based on our experiences we then present management observations intended for data repository managers and technical staff looking to move some or all of their curation services to the cloud. Methods: We implemented tooling for our curation workflow in a service-oriented manner, making significant use of our data repository platform’s application programming interface (API). With an eye towards sustainability, a guiding development philosophy has been to automate processes following industry best practices while avoiding solutions with high resource needs (e.g., maintenance), and minimizing the risk of becoming locked-in to specific tooling. Results: The initial barrier for implementing a data curation workflow in the cloud was high in comparison to on-premises curation, mainly due to the need to develop in-house cloud expertise. However, compared to the cost for on-premises servers and storage, infrastructure costs have been substantially lower. Furthermore, in our particular case, once the foundation had been established, a cloud approach resulted in increased agility allowing us to quickly automate our workflow as needed. Conclusions: Workflow automation has put us on a path toward scaling the service and a cloud based-approach has helped with reduced initial costs. However, because cloud-based workflows and automation come with a maintenance overhead, it is important to build tooling that follows software development best practices and can be decoupled from curation workflows to avoid lock-in.

scholarly journals The Progenetix oncogenomic resource in 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyao Huang ◽  
Paula Carrio-Cordo ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Rahel Paloots ◽  
Michael Baudis
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Genome Variations ◽  
Disease Concepts ◽  
Somatic Genome

AbstractIn cancer, copy number aberrations (CNA) represent a type of nearly ubiquitous and frequently extensive structural genome variations. To disentangle the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis as well as identify and characterize molecular subtypes, the comparative and meta-analysis of large genomic variant collections can be of immense importance. Over the last decades, cancer genomic profiling projects have resulted in a large amount of somatic genome variation profiles, however segregated in a multitude of individual studies and datasets. The Progenetix project, initiated in 2001, curates individual cancer CNA profiles and associated metadata from published oncogenomic studies and data repositories with the aim to empower integrative analyses spanning all different cancer biologies.During the last few years, the fields of genomics and cancer research have seen significant advancement in terms of molecular genetics technology, disease concepts, data standard harmonization as well as data availability, in an increasingly structured and systematic manner. For the Progenetix resource, continuous data integration, curation and maintenance have resulted in the most comprehensive representation of cancer genome CNA profiling data with 138’663 (including 115’357 tumor) CNV profiles. In this article, we report a 4.5-fold increase in sample number since 2013, improvements in data quality, ontology representation with a CNV landscape summary over 51 distinctive NCIt cancer terms as well as updates in database schemas, and data access including new web front-end and programmatic data access. Database URL:progenetix.org

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