scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence – Challenges and Chances for Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Joseph Straus

As one of the building blocks of the fourth industrial revolution, artificial intelligence has attracted much public attention and sparked protracted discussions about its impact on future technological, economic and social developments. This contribution conveys insights into artificial intelligence’s basic methods and tools, its main achievements, its economic environment and the surrounding ethical and social issues. Based on the announced and taken measures of the EU organs in the area of artificial intelligence, the contribution analyses the position of Europe in the global context.

European View ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Schäfer

The fourth industrial revolution is different from the previous three. This is because machines and artificial intelligence play a significant role in enhancing productivity and wealth creation, which directly changes and challenges the role of human beings. The fourth industrial revolution will also intensify globalisation. Therefore, technology will become much more significant, because regions and societies that cope positively with the technological impact of the fourth industrial revolution will have a better economic and social future. This article argues that the EU can play an important role in developing an environment appropriate for the fourth industrial revolution, an environment that is vibrant and open to new technologies. Member states would profit from an EU-wide coordinated framework for this area. The EU has to establish new common policies for the market-oriented diffusion and widespread use of new technologies.


Author(s):  
Matthias Schäfer

The fourth industrial revolution is different from the previous three. This is because machines and artificial intelligence play a significant role in enhancing productivity and wealth creation, which directly changes and challenges the role of human beings. The fourth industrial revolution will also intensify globalisation. Therefore, technology will become much more significant, because regions and societies that cope positively with the technological impact of the fourth industrial revolution will have a better economic and social future. This article argues that the EU can play an important role in developing an environment appropriate for the fourth industrial revolution, an environment that is vibrant and open to new technologies. Member states would profit from an EU-wide coordinated framework for this area. The EU has to establish new common policies for the market-oriented diffusion and widespread use of new technologies.


Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Srivastava

<p>Artificial Intelligence (AI) is likely to transform the way we live and work. Due to its high potential, its adoption is being treated as the fourth industrial revolution. As with any major advancement in technology, it brings with it a spectrum of opportunities as well as challenges. On one hand, several applications have been developed or under development with potential to improve the quality of life significantly. As per a study, it is expected to double the annual economic growth rate of 12 developed countries by 2035. On the other hand, there is a possibility of loss of jobs. As per the available reports, the loss of jobs during the next 10-20 years is estimated to be 47% in the US, 35% in the UK, 49% in Japan, 40% in Australia, and 54% in the EU. In the era of globalization, no country can isolate itself from the impact of the advances in technology. However, the benefits can be maximized and losses can be minimized by putting necessary infrastructure and policy in place. Though several countries have decided their strategy for AI, India has not yet formulated its strategy. The report reviews the international as well as national scenario and suggests way forward for India. </p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duy Dung

Characteristics of the industrial revolution 4.0 is the wide application of high-tech achievements, especially information technology, digitalization, artificial intelligence, network connections for management to create sudden changes in socio-economic development of many countries. Therefore, to reach the high-tech time, many magazines in Vietnam have changed dramatically, striving to reach the international scientific journal system of ISI, Scopus. The publication of international standard scientific journal will meet the demand of publishing research results of local scientists, on the other hand contribute to strengthening exchange, cooperation, international integration in science and technology.


2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-363
Author(s):  
Peter Waring ◽  
Azad Bali ◽  
Chris Vas

The race to develop and implement autonomous systems and artificial intelligence has challenged the responsiveness of governments in many areas and none more so than in the domain of labour market policy. This article draws upon a large survey of Singaporean employees and managers (N = 332) conducted in 2019 to examine the extent and ways in which artificial intelligence and autonomous technologies have begun impacting workplaces in Singapore. Our conclusions reiterate the need for government intervention to facilitate broad-based participation in the productivity benefits of fourth industrial revolution technologies while also offering re-designed social safety nets and employment protections. JEL Codes: J88, K31, O38, M53


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
István Lükő

A szakképzés utóbbi három évtizedes változásai meghatározóan fontosak önmagukban is és a technika-technológiai változások szempontjából is. Ezt a viszonylag rövid történelmi szakaszt átfogó korszakot növeljük a rendszerváltás előtti közvetlen évtized, valamint az EU elődjének tekinthető EGK integrációs törekvésének mozaikos bemutatásával. A rendszerváltásra és napjainkra fókuszálásunkat nemzetközi beágyazottságba illesztve mutatjuk be. Értelmezésünkben a szakképzés közép, és felsőfokú iskolarendszerei összekapcsolódnak. Saját vizsgálódásaim is igazolják korszakos technológiai átalakulások és a szakképzés fejlődésének „együtt futását”, kölcsönös egymásra hatását. Tanulmányom célkitűzései között vannak a 3. és 4. ipari forradalommal fémjelzett korszak jellemzőinek, hatásainak, továbbá az első szakképzési törvény és az OKJ megjelenésének, valamint a Magyar Szakképzési Társaság megalakulásának, működésének a bemutatása. A kétféle technológia a digitális pedagógiában kapcsolódik szervesen egybe. Az Ipar 4.0 kihívásai hazánkban is kikényszerítették a szakképzés stratégiai válaszát, amit a Szakképzés 4.0 elnevezésű középtávú fejlesztési koncepcióban olvashatunk. A sok szempontból korszakosnak mondható szervezeti és tartalmi átalakítások együttesen jelennek meg a megvalósítás folyamatában. Ennek a tervezetnek néhány részletét, elemét is bemutatom a cikkemben.The changes having taken place in VET during the latest three decades have been decisive themselves but also from the aspects of technical-technological changes. I extend the era covering this relatively short historical period by giving a mosaic-like introduction of the decade directly preceding the transition and of the integration endeavours of the EEC that can be considered as the ancestor of the EU. My focus on the transition and our days is embedded in an international context. In my understanding, the middle and higher level school systems of vocational education are intertwined. My own researches also proved the “co-running”, the mutual impact of epochal technological changes and the development of VET. The objectives of my study include the introduction of the features and effects of the era marked by the third and the fourth industrial revolution, the initiation of the first act on VET and the National Training Registry as well as the establishment and operation of the Hungarian VET Association. The two types of technologies get closely intertwined in digital pedagogy. The challenges put by Industry 4.0 enforced the strategic response of VET in Hungary, too, which can be read in the mid-term development concept titled VET 4.0. The organizational and content related changes, that are really epochal from several aspects, are appearing together in the process of implementation. I also present some details and elements of this plan in my paper.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Yulia Matyuk

The article analyzes the risks and new opportunities that arise before man and modern society in the light of the development of artificial intelligence and robotics in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution. The rapid development of AI indicates the absence of uniform approaches to assessing the risks and prospects associated with the use of AI. Using PESTEL analysis, the article examines the key areas of interaction between AI and humans, new challenges and prospects that open to humanity in the era of new technologies.


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