The process of producing a “NICE” guideline

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Clinical Guideline ◽  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Nice Guideline ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The One ◽  
Based Medicine

SUMMARYThis paper describes the process of preparing a Clinical Guideline for “NICE”, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in the United Kingdom. The procedure involves the group appointed to prepare the guideline relating to the various “stakeholders” who have an interest on the one hand, and satisfying the fairly demanding standards set by NICE on the other. The strengths and limitations of the approach based on evidence based medicine are discussed.

Some trends in 50 years of Italian Psychiatry (in Italian)

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Jervis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
General Public ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The Core ◽  
The One ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Popular Psychology

SUMMARYSeveral discernible trends have changed the outlook of psychiatric resources available to the general public during the last 50 years in Western countries and particularly in Italy. Among these trends, two conflicting issues are here outlined. On the one side, evidence based medicine is the core of a methodological revolution, which asks for a deeper criticism of subjective judgements in clinical matters; on the other side, the study of emotions and attitudes has stressed the outstanding importance of conscious and unconscious expectations both in patients and in caregivers. Moreover, popular psychology has altered the way mental disorder is commonly perceived and treated. A comprehensive way of taking into account these three diverse trends seems to be still lacking.

To Discriminate in Order to Fight Discrimination

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Morondo Taramundi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Other ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
European Court ◽  
Main Technique ◽  
Antidiscrimination Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Paradoxical Results ◽  
Conflicts Of Rights

This chapter analyses arguments regarding conflicts of rights in the field of antidiscrimination law, which is a troublesome and less studied area of the growing literature on conflicts of rights. Through discussion of Ladele and McFarlane v. The United Kingdom, a case before the European Court of Human Rights, the chapter examines how the construction of this kind of controversy in terms of ‘competing rights’ or ‘conflicts of rights’ seems to produce paradoxical results. Assessment of these apparent difficulties leads the discussion in two different directions. On the one hand, some troubles come to light regarding the use of the conflict of rights frame itself in the field of antidiscrimination law, particularly in relation to the main technique (‘balancing of rights’) to solve them. On the other hand, some serious consequences of the conflict of rights frame on the development of the antidiscrimination theory of the ECtHR are unearthed.

scholarly journals “System Conditions”, System Failure, Structural Racism and Anti-Racism in the United Kingdom: Evidence from Education and Beyond

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Paul Miller
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The One

Racism in any society is fuelled by a number of factors, often acting independently of each other, or, at times, in concert with each other. On the one hand, anti-racism efforts rely on the alignment of four “system conditions” to stand a chance of successfully engaging and tackling racism. On the other hand, where these “system conditions” are not present, or where they are not in sync, this leads to “system failure”—a situation where racism is writ large in society and in the institutions therein, and where anti-racism efforts are severely hampered. Drawing on evidence from within the education sector and elsewhere in UK society, this paper examines how a lack of alignment between “system conditions” hampers antiracism efforts, and simultaneously reinforces racism in society and in institutions—leading to gridlock or “system failure” around anti-racism.

scholarly journals The politics of embedding and the right to remain in post-Brexit Britain

Ethnicities ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146879682091341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Sotkasiira ◽  
Anna Gawlewicz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

The European Union membership referendum (i.e. the Brexit referendum) in the United Kingdom in 2016 triggered a process of introspection among non-British European Union citizens with respect to their right to remain in the United Kingdom, including their right to entry, permanent residence, and access to work and social welfare. Drawing on interview data collected from 42 European Union nationals, namely Finnish and Polish migrants living in Scotland, we explore how European Union migrants’ decision-making and strategies for extending their stay in the United Kingdom, or returning to their country of origin, are shaped by and, in turn, shape their belonging and ties to their current place of residence and across state borders. In particular, we draw on the concept of embedding, which is used in migration studies to explain migration trajectories and decision-making. Our key argument is that more attention needs to be paid to the socio-political context within which migrants negotiate their embedding. To this end, we employ the term ‘politics of embedding’ to highlight the ways in which the embedding of non-British European Union citizens has been politicized and hierarchically structured in the United Kingdom after the Brexit referendum. By illustrating how the context of Brexit has changed how people evaluate their social and other attachments, and how their embedding is differentiated into ‘ties that bind’ and ‘ties that count’, we contribute to the emerging work on migration and Brexit, and specifically to the debate on how the politicization of migration shapes the sense of security on the one hand, and belonging, on the other.

Naturwissenschaft als Naturpoesie: Eine Stellungnahme Christoph Wilhelm Hufelands (1762–1832) gegen die naturphilosophische Medizin

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (25) ◽  
pp. 1784-1788
Author(s):  
Werner Hansen
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
John Brown ◽  
Natural Philosophers ◽  
Albrecht Von Haller ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractAt the turn to the 19th century, medicine in Germany became strongly influenced by the teachings of John Brown, who was a scottish physician. He had advocated a theory which regards and treats disorders as caused by defective or excessive excitation. His teachings were welcomed by natural philosophers like Schelling or Hegel. They modified it and integrated it into their systems of thinking. On the other hand Hufeland, who was one of the foremost physicians at that time, heavily opposed Brunonian System. This becomes evident in a fragmentary text that had been found only recently. In it he criticizes that these teachings were based on pure speculation and not on sound science as executed by Albrecht von Haller. It was meant ironically when he concluded that it thus resembled natural poetry. As viewed from today, evidence based medicine eventually established our modern ways for successfully diagnosing and treating disease. However, Hufelands disapproval appears to be still relevant. There are many people that even now advocate alternative ways and who consult quacks, healers etc.

The Chronicity of Schizophrenia in North West India

1978 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kulhara ◽  
N. N. Wig
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Western World ◽  
North West ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The One

The results of a follow-up study of schizophrenics attending a centre in North West India are reported. The relevant literature is reviewed, The results were compared with two well-known studies, one from the United Kingdom and the other from Mauritius. The evidence presented suggests that the course taken by schizophrenia in a newly-developed city and its neighbourhood in this part of India is similar to the one seen in the Western world. This study does not support the view that chronicity of schizophrenia in non-European, non-white populations is different, at least in an urban setting.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Sistem Pengingat Melalui Pengiriman Pesan Singkat (Text-Messaging Reminder System) untuk Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Pasien dalam Pengobatan Tuberkulosis: Tinjauan Kasus Berbasis Bukti

2019 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Skolastika Mitzy Benedicta ◽  
Pradana Soewondo ◽  
Dhanasari Vidiawati Sanyoto
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Reminder System ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
The Impact

Abstrak Indonesia merupakan negara kedua di dunia dengan insidensi Tuberkulosis (TB) terbanyak setelah India, sehingga Indonesia termasuk high-burden country dalam penyakit TB. Angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB di Indonesia baru mencapai 84% pada tahun 2016 sehingga perlu ditingkatkan. Inovasi yang banyak dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dalam pengobatan TB adalah metode pengingat dengan menggunakan media elektronik, salah satunya melalui SMS mengingat pengguna aktif telepon genggam di Indonesia cukup banyak, yaitu mencapai 70,2 juta untuk smartphone pada tahun 2017 dan terus meningkat. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem pengingat melalui pesan singkat (text-messaging reminder system) dalam kepatuhan pasien terhadap pengobatan TB. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada beberapa pangkalan data jurnal ilmiah kedokteran besar seperti Pubmed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, dan Science Direct. Artikel disaring sesuai desain yang dibutuhkan untuk tinjauan intervensi, kriteria inklusi, dan kriteria eksklusi. Telaah kritis menggunakan metode intervensi sesuai Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine 2011. Telaah kritis dilakukan pada dua artikel terpilih dengan metode RCT dan telaah sistematis. Pada studi RCT terhadap 2207 pasien di Pakistan, diperoleh penggunaan sistem pengingat SMS tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan TB. Pada telaah sistematis yang meninjau empat artikel, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa sistem SMS mampu meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan TB. Namun, signifikansinya masih diragukan karena studi yang diinklusi merupakan studi dengan tingkatan bukti rendah berdasarkan kategori GRADE. Pengaruh metode pengingat berupa SMS terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan TB masih inkonklusif. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan populasi besar serta desain penelitian yang sesuai (RCT). Kata kunci: Tuberkulosis, SMS, Sistem Pengingat, Kepatuhan, Pengobatan Abstract Indonesia ranked second in the world for its Tuberculosis (TB) incidence. Therefore, Indonesia is included in the list of high burden countries for TB. TB treatment success rate in Indonesia for 2016 is 84%, but this number still needs to be increased. Many innovations using electronic devices such as handphones are developed to increase patient’s adherence to TB treatment. One of the easiest applicable methods is through SMS. Indonesia is also a developing country with developing technology usage, with 70.2 million active smartphone users in 2017. To determine whether a text messaging reminder system can increase adherence in patients with Tuberculosis treatment. Literature searching was conducted in large medical journal databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, and Science Direct. The articles are selected by considering the study designs that correlate with the intervention appraisal method, inclusions, and exclusions criteria. Intervention type appraisal was conducted using the guideline of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011. Appraisals were made for two chosen articles: one with the RCT method, and the other with a systematic review method. RCT study conducted in Pakistan showed that text messaging reminder system does not affect adherence in patients with TB treatment. The other study that reviews four articles concludes that a text messaging reminder system may increase adherence in TB patients undergoing treatment. But, the significance is still doubted as the studies included in this review are of low evidence level based on the GRADE category. The impact of the text messaging reminder system in increasing treatment adherence of TB patients is still inconclusive. Further research with a large population, better design and methodology are still needed. Keywords: Tuberculosis, SMS, Text Messaging, Reminder System, Adherence, Treatment

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