Abstrak
Prevalensi kebutaan di Indonesia karena katarak pada penduduk berusia ≥ 50 tahun sebesar 3% dan salah satu biaya kesehatan terbesar di tahun 2017 adalah untuk pembedahan katarak. Untuk melakukan pembandingan tarif rumah sakit serta tarif Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBG) pelayanan pembedahan katarak dengan teknik fakoemulsifikasi dan Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) dilakukan penelitian potong lintang menggunakan data klaim Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) Rumah Sakit “X”. Perbedaan tarif fakoemulsifikasi dan SICS dianalisis secara bivariat dengan Mann-Whitney. Dari 1278 pasien katarak, terbanyak adalah pasien laki laki, berumur ≥ 60 tahun, 84,7% pembedahan menggunakan teknik fakoemulsifikasi, dan 77,2% pembedahan dilakukan di rawat jalan. Untuk pelayanan rawat inap, fakoemulsifikasi terbanyak di ruang perawatan kelas 1 (50,0%) dan SICS di kelas 3 (65,4%). Rerata tarif rumah sakit untuk rawat jalan fakoemulsifikasi Rp 9.536.041,- ±1.336.734,03 dan SICS adalah Rp 7.438.924,- ±1.160.666,63 (p<0,05) sedangkan untuk rawat inap fakoemulsfikasi Rp 9.355.253,- ±2.288.647,36 dan SICS Rp 6.078.391,- ±1.854.308,65 (p<0,05). Rerata tarif INA-CBG fakoemulsifikasi rawat jalan adalah Rp 8.809.191,- ±218.193,55 dan SICS Rp 4.410.000 (p<0,05) sedangkan untuk rawat inap fakoemulsfikasi Rp 10.834.039,- ±2.019.676,19 dan SICS Rp 9.074.188 ±1.638.329,7 (p<0,05). Rerata tarif rumah sakit dan tarif INA-CBG untuk teknik pembedahan katarak dengan SICS baik rawat jalan maupun rawat inap lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan teknik fakoemulsifikasi. Tarif INA-CBG yang dibayarkan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan untuk kedua metode pembedahan katarak pada pelayanan rawat jalan lebih rendah sedangkan untuk rawat inap lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tarif rumah sakit.
Kata kunci: Fakoemulsifikasi, SICS, Katarak, JKN Abstract
The prevalence of blindness in Indonesia due to cataracts in the population aged 50 years and above is 3%. However, one of the highest health costs in 2017 was on cataract surgery. To compare hospital tariff and Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBG) tariff of phacoemulsification and Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS), a cross-sectional study was conducted using National Health lnsurance claim data at Hospital “X”. The differences between phacoemulsification and SICS tariff were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. From a total of 1278 patients, majority were males, aged 60 years and above. 84.7% of the patients went through a phacoemulsification procedure, 77.2% were outpatients. Most inpatients that went through a phacoemulsification were admitted to class 1 wards (50.0%) while a majority of those went through a SICS procedure were admitted to class 3 wards (65.4%). There were significant differences in the average hospital tariff between phacoemulsification and SICS for both outpatients’ (IDR 9,536,041 ±1,336,734.03 vs IDR 7,438,924 ±1,160,666.63;p<0.05) and inpatients’ (IDR 9,355,253 ±2,288,647.36 vs IDR 6,078,391 ±1,854,308.65; p<0.05) care. The average INA-CBG tariff also had significant differences between both procedures for outpatients’ care (phacoemulsification vs SICS: IDR 8,809,191 ±218,193.55 vs IDR 4,410,000;p<0.05) and inpatients’ care (IDR 10,834,039 ±2,019,676.19 vs IDR 9,074,188 ±1,638,329.7; p<0.05). The average hospital and INA-CBG tariff of SICS, for both outpatients and inpatients were lower than that of phacoemulsification. Although INA-CBG tariffs paid by the Social Insurance Administration Organization for Health or BPJS Kesehatan for both phacoemulsification and SICS procedures in outpatients was lower, the INA-CBG inpatients’ tariff was higher than the hospital tariff.
Keywords: Phacoemulsification, SCIS, Cataracts, National Health Insurance (NHI)