A lexical semantic approach to interpreting and bracketing English noun compounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
SU NAM KIM ◽  
TIMOTHY BALDWIN
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Semantic Roles ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Lexical Similarity ◽  
Noun Compounds ◽  
Interpretation Method ◽  
English Noun

AbstractThis paper presents a study on the interpretation and bracketing of noun compounds (‘NCs’) based on lexical semantics. Our primary goal is to develop a method to automatically interpret NCs through the use of semantic relations. Our NC interpretation method is based on lexical similarity with tagged NCs, based on lexical similarity measures derived from WordNet. We apply the interpretation method to both two- and three-term NC interpretation based on semantic roles. Finally, we demonstrate that our NC interpretation method can boost the coverage and accuracy of NC bracketing.

scholarly journals Semantic relations among adjectives in Polish WordNet 2.0: a new relation set, discussion and evaluation

2015 ◽  
pp. 149-179
Author(s):  
Marek Maziarz ◽  
Stanisław Szpakowicz ◽  
Maciej Piasecki
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Version 2.0

Semantic relations among adjectives in Polish WordNet 2.0: a new relation set, discussion and evaluationAdjectives in wordnets are often neglected: there are many fewer of them than nouns, and relations among them are sometimes not as varied as those among nouns or verbs. Polish WordNet 1.0 was no exception. Version 2.0 aims to correct that. We present an overview of a much larger set of lexical-semantic relations which connect adjectives to the other parts of the network. Our choice of relations has been motivated by linguistic considerations, especially the concerns of the Polish lexical semantics, and by pragmatic reasons. The discussion includes detailed substitution tests, meant to ensure consistency among wordnet editors.

scholarly journals Syntactic Word-Compounding in Tai Khrang

MANUSYA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-121
Author(s):  
Unchalee Wongwattana
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Semantic Roles ◽  
Serial Verb Constructions ◽  
Grammatical Relations ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Semantic Associations ◽  
Serial Verb ◽  
Noun Compounds

In this article, we claim that most word compounds in Tai Khrang are relatively transparent in the way that they can display both grammatical and semantic roles/relations in a complex and sophisticated manner, rather than arbitrary grammatical/semantic associations. Also, the term idiosyncratic or transparent is best accounted for in continuum. In this essay, we investigate the structures, grammatical relations and semantic roles/relations of word compounds in Tai Khrang with data collected from two Tai Khrang villages, Ban Nong Moet, Kamphaeng Phet, and Ban Sa Yai Chi, Phichit, in the lower northern part of Thailand. Another type of corpus is one composed of naturally occurring texts such as narratives. The results show that syntactic word compounding in Tai Khrang is complex and sophisticated, performed in three categories i.e. synthetic, verb-verb and noun-noun compounds. The synthetic strategy involves the imitation of simple clauses, non-simple clauses, nominalization, and phrases. The verbverb strategy is observed in certain serial verb constructions. The noun-noun strategy displays three semantic aspects, gradually differing from more to less transparent, which reveal various patterns of semantic relations.

scholarly journals ANALISIS SEMANTIK LEKSIKAL DALAM NOVEL SANGKAR KARYA SAMSIAH MOHD. NOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Siti Farida Salleh ◽  
Yazid Yahya ◽  
Mary Fatimah Subet ◽  
Muhammad Zaid Daud
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lexical Frequency ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract: Novel is one of the mediums of non-verbal communication that the author wishes to convey to the reader. Through the reading of this novel, the reader can experience a wide range of emotions. Whether it's sad, happy, excited and so on. Therefore, this study will explore the meaning behind the novel entitled "Sangkar" by Samsiah Mohd. Nor. The novel was published in 2010 through the publication of Alaf 21 Sdn. Bhd. There are 248 pages and 26 chapters for this novel. This study is a qualitative study consisting of annotated text analysis as well as a simple quantitative approach to finding lexical frequency and complexity in this Sangkar novel. To analyze this novel the researcher will apply a lexical semantic approach. Through this lexical semantic approach it is possible to classify lexical types into synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, polysemic, homonyms, homophones, homographs, metonyms and meronyms. Based on the findings of this study, the frequency and percentage of total lexical semantics recorded a frequency value of 1019 (100%) lexical only. However, through the novel there was only partial lexical semantics comprising;  antonyms–442 (43.37%), synonyms–218 (21.39%), meronyms–185 (18.15%) and hyponyms–174 (17.07%). It can be concluded that through this lexical semantic approach it is possible to classify different lexical groups into the same group of meanings. Keywords: Lexical semantics, meaning, novel, general reading   Abstrak: Novel merupakan salah satu medium komunikasi bukan lisan yang ingin disampaikan oleh penulis kepada pembaca. Melalui pembacaan novel, pembaca dapat merasai emosi yang pelbagai. Sama ada sedih, gembira, teruja dan sebagainya. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan meneroka makna di sebalik novel yang bertajuk “Sangkar” oleh Samsiah Mohd. Nor. Novel ini diterbitkan pada tahun 2010 melalui penerbitan Alaf 21 Sdn. Bhd. Terdapat 248 muka surat dan 26 bab bagi novel ini. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif iaitu analisis teks yang telah dibukukan serta pendekatan kuantitatif mudah untuk mendapatkan kekerapan dan peratusan leksikal dalam novel Sangkar ini. Bagi menganalisis novel ini pengkaji, akan mengaplikasikan pendekatan semantik leksikal. Melalui pendekatan semantik leksikal ini, pengkaji  dapat mengelaskan jenis leksikal kepada sinonim, antonim, hiponim, polisim, homonim, homofon, homograf, metonim dan meronim. Melalui dapatan kajian ini, jumlah kekerapan dan peratusan bagi keseluruhan semantik leksikal ini mencatat nilai kekerapan sebanyak 1019 (100%) leksikal sahaja. Namun begitu, melalui novel ini, hanya terdapat pecahan semantik leksikal yang terdiri daripada antonim–442 (43.37%), sinonim–218 (21.39%), meronim–185 (18.15%) dan hiponim–174 (17.07%). Dapat dirumuskan bahawa, melalui pendekatan semantik leksikal ini, membolehkan pelbagai golongan leksikal yang berbeza dikelaskan dalam golongan makna yang sama. Kata kunci: Semantik leksikal, makna, novel, bacaan umum

Lexical Semantics of Russian Verbs and Their Function of Action Fixation Using Perfect Forms

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Karpukhin
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Objective Time ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
The Russian Language

This article describes the connection between perfect verb forms and the typical lexical meanings of generating imperfectives using the example of a prefix model in the Russian language. The research is based on a fundamentally new approach, i.e. the means of “fixing” action in the objective time. The relevance of combining the action and the situational background to the lexical-semantic groups of verbs is established. In the course of the research, the materials of the Bolshoi Akademichescky Slovar (Big Academic Dictionary) were used.

Wspólnota semantyczno-leksykalna języków europejskich. O monografii: А.А. Кретов, О.М. Воевудская, И.А. Меркулова, В.Т. Титов, Единство Европы по данным лексики (Воронеж: Издательский дом ВГУ, 2016, ss. 413 [1])

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXIII) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wojan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Linguistic Typology ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Theoretical Linguistics ◽  
Research Concept ◽  
New Research

This article outlines the original research concept developed and applied by the Voronezh researchers, which brought both quantitative and qualitative results to the field of linguistic comparative research. Their monograph is devoted to the macrotypological unity of the lexical semantics of the languages in Europe. In addition, semantic stratification of Russian and Polish lexis has been analyzed. Their research concept is now known as the “lexical-semantic macrotypological school of Voronezh.” Representatives of this school have created a new research field in theoretical linguistics – a lexical-semantic language macrotypology as a branch of linguistic typology. The monograph has been widely discussed and reviewed in Russia.

To Predict or Not to Predict: Influences of Task and Strategy on the Processing of Semantic Relations

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1259-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Roehm ◽  
Ina Bornkessel-Schlesewsky ◽  
Frank Rösler ◽  
Matthias Schlesewsky
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Relatedness ◽  
Presentation Mode ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Sentence Context ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Experimental Environment

We report a series of event-related potential experiments designed to dissociate the functionally distinct processes involved in the comprehension of highly restricted lexical-semantic relations (antonyms). We sought to differentiate between influences of semantic relatedness (which are independent of the experimental setting) and processes related to predictability (which differ as a function of the experimental environment). To this end, we conducted three ERP studies contrasting the processing of antonym relations (black-white) with that of related (black-yellow) and unrelated (black-nice) word pairs. Whereas the lexical-semantic manipulation was kept constant across experiments, the experimental environment and the task demands varied: Experiment 1 presented the word pairs in a sentence context of the form The opposite of X is Y and used a sensicality judgment. Experiment 2 used a word pair presentation mode and a lexical decision task. Experiment 3 also examined word pairs, but with an antonymy judgment task. All three experiments revealed a graded N400 response (unrelated > related > antonyms), thus supporting the assumption that semantic associations are processed automatically. In addition, the experiments revealed that, in highly constrained task environments, the N400 gradation occurs simultaneously with a P300 effect for the antonym condition, thus leading to the superficial impression of an extremely “reduced” N400 for antonym pairs. Comparisons across experiments and participant groups revealed that the P300 effect is not only a function of stimulus constraints (i.e., sentence context) and experimental task, but that it is also crucially influenced by individual processing strategies used to achieve successful task performance.

Plurals as modifiers in Dutch and English noun-noun compounds express plurality in production

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arina Banga ◽  
Esther Hanssen ◽  
Anneke Neijt ◽  
Robert Schreuder
Keyword(s):  
Picture Naming ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Semantic Constraints ◽  
Noun Compounds ◽  
English Noun

The present study investigates the relation between conceptual plurality and the occurrence of a plural morpheme in novel Dutch and English noun-noun compounds. Using a picture-naming task, we compared the naming responses of native Dutch speakers and native English speakers to pictures depicting either one or multiple instances of the same object serving as a possible modifier in a novel noun-noun compound. While the speakers of both languages most frequently produced novel compounds containing a singular modifier, they also used compounds containing a plural modifier and did this more often to describe a picture with several instances of an object than to describe a picture with one instance of the object. Speakers of English incorporated some regular plurals into the noun-noun compounds they produced. These results contradict the words-and-rules theory of Pinker (1999) and also the semantic constraints for compounding put forth by Alegre and Gordon (1996). Interestingly, it appears, however, that the acceptability constraints put forth by Haskell, MacDonald, and Seidenberg (2003) apply to the production of compounds.

scholarly journals Learning Lexical Subspaces in a Distributional Vector Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 311-329
Author(s):  
Kushal Arora ◽  
Aishik Chakraborty ◽  
Jackie C. K. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Vector Space ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Word Similarity ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Classification Tasks

In this paper, we propose LexSub, a novel approach towards unifying lexical and distributional semantics. We inject knowledge about lexical-semantic relations into distributional word embeddings by defining subspaces of the distributional vector space in which a lexical relation should hold. Our framework can handle symmetric attract and repel relations (e.g., synonymy and antonymy, respectively), as well as asymmetric relations (e.g., hypernymy and meronomy). In a suite of intrinsic benchmarks, we show that our model outperforms previous approaches on relatedness tasks and on hypernymy classification and detection, while being competitive on word similarity tasks. It also outperforms previous systems on extrinsic classification tasks that benefit from exploiting lexical relational cues. We perform a series of analyses to understand the behaviors of our model. 1 Code available at https://github.com/aishikchakraborty/LexSub .

scholarly journals NOUN COMPOUND IN ENGLISH

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati
Keyword(s):  
Primary Stress ◽  
Noun Compounds ◽  
English Noun

This paper aims at analyzing and describing the English compound specifically the English noun compound.  Compound is a combination of two or more words of which meaning cannot always be predicted from the meaning of each part. In English, words, especially adjectives and nouns, are combined into compound structures in a variety of ways. This article attempts to discuss the formal characteristics and types of the English noun compound. The theory of compound was adopted for further analysis. The finding shows that the formal characteristics of  the English noun compound are:  the noun compounds  have primary stress on the first constituent, the  semantic unity of a noun compound is reflected in an orthographic, the meaning of the noun compound cannot be predicted from  the meaning of the parts. The orthographic characteristics can be solid, hyphenated, and open. The types involved are Subject and Verb, Verb and Object, verb and adverbial, verb-less, subject and complement, combining-form and Bahuvrihi

scholarly journals Semantic relations between verbs in Polish WordNet 2.0

2015 ◽  
pp. 183-200
Author(s):  
Marek Maziarz ◽  
Maciej Piasecki ◽  
Stanisław Szpakowicz ◽  
Joanna Rabiega-Wiśniewska ◽  
Bożena Hojka
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Design Decisions

Semantic relations between verbs in Polish WordNet 2.0The noun dominates wordnets. The lexical semantics of verbs is usually under-represented, even if it is essential in any semantic analysis which goes beyond statistical methods. We present our attempt to remedy the imbalance; it begins by designing a sufficiently rich set of wordnet relations for verbs. We discuss and show in detail such a relation set in the largest Polish wordnet. Our design decisions, while as general and language-independent as possible, are mainly informed by our desire to capture the nature and peculiarities of the verb system in Polish.

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