scholarly journals ASYMMETRIES IN BUSINESS CYCLES AND THE ROLE OF OIL PRICES

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1622-1648
Author(s):  
Betty C. Daniel ◽  
Christian M. Hafner ◽  
Léopold Simar ◽  
Hans Manner
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
Variance Ratios ◽  
Likelihood Ratio Statistics

We estimate asymmetries in innovations to Solow residuals for 11 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries using stochastic frontier analysis. Likelihood ratio statistics and variance ratios imply that all countries with net energy imports have significant negative asymmetries, whereas other countries do not. We construct a simple theoretical model in which the measured Solow residual combines effects from technology, factor utilization, and the terms of trade. For oil importers, the model implies an asymmetric response of measured total factor productivity to oil price increases and decreases. When we condition Solow residuals separately on positive and negative oil price changes to allow asymmetric responses, evidence for remaining negative asymmetric innovations to the Solow residuals vanishes for all countries except Switzerland. Switzerland's relatively dominant financial sector suggests that their asymmetries could be due to a financial crisis, a hypothesis that we test and fail to reject.

scholarly journals Women Participation: A Productivity Strategy in Rice Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar Rasheed ◽  
Gershom Endelani Mwalupaso ◽  
Qasir Abbas ◽  
Xu Tian ◽  
Rafay Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Development Goals

Agriculture is an important engine for economic growth and a vigorous driver of poverty reduction in developing countries. In Pakistan, rice production is one of the most essential sectors. However, it has been underperforming, largely because of low women’s participation, which is often a crucial resource in agriculture and the rural economy. Unfortunately, previous studies have seldom recognized and emphasized the role of women in triggering agricultural and rural development. We address this research gap using 300 farm households’ survey data forms collected from Pakistan farmers by applying the stochastic frontier analysis. The results indicate that women’s participation is associated with higher labor/land ratio, land productivity, and finally improved technical efficiency. Precisely, women’s participation increased technical efficiency (TE) by 47.3%. Interestingly, in view of previous studies, this evidence is not sporadic. Overall, our study provides some evidence to promote women’s participation in rice production, as such empowerment of women holds great potential to enhance agricultural production, which is consistent with the aim of sustainable development goals (SDGs).

scholarly journals The Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Hazelnut Production in Azerbaijan: An Analysis of the Role of NGOs

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orkhan Guliyev ◽  
Aijun Liu ◽  
Gershom Endelani Mwalupaso ◽  
Jarkko Niemi
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Good Organization

The role of non-government organizations (NGOs) has been commendable in promoting sustainable farming. Through mobilization of existing resources and provision of training to farmers on various agriculture subjects, NGOs could trigger increased productivity and agricultural sustainability. However, empirical evidence on this claim is limited and no study recognizes the supporting conditions required for NGO intervention to improve productivity. Cross-sectional data from hazelnut farmers in Azerbaijan are used to evaluate the role of NGO intervention in improving farmers’ technical efficiency. To this end, stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) is applied to study hazelnut farmers’ production efficiency. Three different measures are employed to estimate NGO intervention: Training, subsidy and, a combination of training and subsidy. The results indicate that NGO intervention is not significant in influencing technical efficiency. This is attributable to the absence of good organization, innovation orientation, accountability and stakeholder involvement and support which are the necessary supporting conditions facilitating an enabling environment for NGO intervention to improve farmers’ technical efficiency. Therefore, we recommend policy directed at addressing these issues in order to simultaneously enhance farmers’ productivity and improve the functioning of the NGOs. Beyond NGO intervention, encouraging farmers to specialize in hazelnut production and allocating more suitable land for hazelnut production will also improve farmers’ technical efficiency significantly.

Examining the Role of Policy and Cultural Determinants on Sectoral Export Competitiveness: Evidences from India

2019 ◽  
pp. 097215091986834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Shubham Kumar ◽  
Keya Sengupta ◽  
Tapas K. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
Export Competitiveness

Exports are affected by several economic, political, social and cultural determinants. The objective of this study is to examine the role of policy and cultural determinants on export competitiveness for different sectors, estimate the technical efficiency (TE) and suggest focus areas to improve exports. The study uses the method of stochastic frontier analysis on the bilateral trade of India over the period 2000–2016. The result findings highlight that there is underutilization and ambiguous effect of trade agreements for all sectors except intermediate goods (IGs). Foreign direct investments outflow has positive results for all the sectors with capital goods getting benefitted the most. TE of exports shows positive trends for IGs, negative trend for raw materials, and mixed trend for consumer goods and capital goods sectors. IGs show the best export competitiveness, whereas RMs have the highest export potential. The results underline India’s progress in integrating with the global supply chain through increasing TE in exports of IGs.

scholarly journals Revitalization of automotive industry in Serbia: Is the role of fiat crucial?

2016 ◽  
pp. 767-783
Author(s):  
Isidora Beraha
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Global Companies

This paper deals with the analysis of the economic effects of Fiat investment on the development of automotive industry in Serbia. The main objective of the research is to determine why the expected local suppliers base was not created, and whether it was mainly influenced by Fiat. The research is based on the concept of clusters as effective instruments that enable the integration of local suppliers into supply chain of global automotive manufacturers, as well as on the assumption that the strength of clusters is primarily determined by the presence of large, powerful enterprises. The empirical research was conducted using econometric analysis (stochastic frontier analysis) and statistical t-tests on panel data consisting of 40 enterprises operating in the Serbian automotive sector. The aim was to analyze whether the presence of large enterprises increases the cluster performances in Serbian automotive industry. The empirical research results showed that large companies, on average, decrease cluster performances thus pointing out to the conclusion that the absence of large and powerful global companies in the automotive cluster of Serbia, i.e. the absence of Fiat, has significantly reduced the possibility of creation of local suppliers base in the Serbian automotive sector.

scholarly journals The Role of Agricultural Extension Worker and Babinsa TNI According to the Farmer's Perspective on The Implementation of Rice UPSUS Program in Gorontalo

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-285
Author(s):  
Jaka Sumarno ◽  
Awaludin Hipi ◽  
Ari Widya Handayani ◽  
Ari Abdul Rouf
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Field Extension ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Frontier Analysis

This study aims to analyze the role of Babinsa-TNI and field extension worker (PPL) assistance to the implementation of UPSUS programs and the success of UPSUS targets (increased production). The study was conducted at the UPSUS rice production center in Gorontalo Province, i.e; Bone Bolango District, Gorontalo Regency and North Gorontalo Regency. Sampling was done by simple random sampling method involving 162 respondent farmers during 2017. The measuring method to the role of Babinsa-TNI and field extension worker wasdone by Work Achievement Value Standard. The influence of Babinsa-TNI and field extension workerwas analyzed using the production analysis method usingproduction function of Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier analysis. The results showed that the average Babinsa-TNI and field extension workerhad good performance in terms of high scoring value indicator. The Babinsa-TNI assistance in implementing the UPSUS program has a significant effect on increasing production and technical efficiency of rice production. The assistance of agricultural extension worker also has a positive effect on increasing production and technical efficiency of rice production.

scholarly journals A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS OF UKRAINIAN BANKS EFFICIENCY

10.23856/3103 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Bohdan Kyshakevych ◽  
Dmytro Mazharov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Input Variables

 The authors have developed a model for assessing the Ukrainian banks cost efficiency by means of Stochastic Frontier Analysis, in which the banks are considered as financial intermediaries. On the basis of the likelihood ratio test results the trans-logarithmic function steps forward in the role of the bank’s cost function. In the role of input variables we used the value of fixed assets, the price of labor and price of loanable fund, in the role of output − total loans, other assets and total cost.

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