scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Food Insecurity among People Living with and without HIV in the African Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Cecilia C. Onyenakie ◽  
Raphael U. Nnakwe ◽  
Nicole Dear ◽  
Allahna Esber ◽  
Emmanuel Bahemana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Robust Poisson Regression ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Policies ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Abstract Objective: We determined the prevalence and identified predictors of food insecurity in four African countries. Design: Cross-sectional analyses at study enrollment. Setting: From January 2013 to March 2020, people living with HIV (PLWH) and without HIV were enrolled at 12 clinics in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Nigeria. Participants: Participants reporting not having enough food to eat over the past 12 months or receiving <3 meals/day were defined as food insecure. Robust Poisson regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for predictors of food insecurity among all participants and separately among PLWH. Results: 1694/3496 participants (48.5%) reported food insecurity at enrollment, with no difference by HIV status. Food insecurity was more common among older participants (50+ years vs. 18-24 years aPR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15-1.59). Having 2-5 (aPR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.30) or >5 dependents (aPR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02- 1.35), and residing in Kisumu West, Kenya (aPR 1.63, 95% CI 1.42-1.87) or Nigeria (aPR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01- 1.41) was associated with food insecurity. Residing in Tanzania (aPR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53-0.80) and increasing education (secondary/above education vs. none/some primary education aPR 0.73, 95% CI 0.66-0.81) was protective against food insecurity. ART-experienced PLWH were more likely to be food secure irrespective of viral load. Conclusion: Food insecurity was highly prevalent in our cohort though not significantly associated with HIV. Policies aimed at promoting education, elderly care, ART access in PLWH, and financial independence could potentially improve food security in Africa.

Household food insecurity among people living with HIV in Sagamu, Nigeria: A preliminary study

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwafolahan O Sholeye ◽  
Victor J Animasahun ◽  
Albert A Salako ◽  
Bankole K Oyewole
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: Household food insecurity has been associated with increased risk of transmission of HIV infection and poor treatment outcomes. This study therefore determined the prevalence of household food insecurity and its associated factors among people living with HIV in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 244 adult clients accessing care and support at the teaching hospital in Sagamu, Nigeria, selected via systematic sampling. Data was collected with the aid of a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.0. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. Informed consent was obtained and strict confidentiality was ensured. Results: The mean age of respondents was 38.8 ± 9.2 years; 84% of respondents were female; 69.3% were married, 12.9% had lost their partners. About 12% spent more than three-quarters of the household income on food. The prevalence of household food insecurity was 71.7%. Food insecurity was associated ( p < 0.05) with educational status; occupation; type of housing; availability of toilet facilities; benefiting from food assistance; delaying drugs to prevent hunger; skipping drugs; vegetable consumption pattern; and exchanging sex for food. Conclusion: The prevalence of household food insecurity in this study was high. Living conditions were significantly associated with food insecurity. Socio-economic conditions need to be improved, to optimize the health and food security status of people living with HIV in Sagamu.

scholarly journals Household food security and associated factors among Adult people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
REKIKU Fikre ABEBE ◽  
Tamrayhu seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Abstract Introduction: Globally 78 million peoples have been infected with HIV/AIDS. Ethiopia has one of the largest populations of HIV infected people in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. The relationship between HIV epidemic and food security situation in Ethiopia is complex. Hence, it is likely that the epidemic will contribute to worsening widespread food insecurity. The aim of study was to assess the level of food security and associated factors among adult people living with HIV /AIDS attending ART Clinic in Hospitals of Hawassa city Administration. Methodology: Thisinstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2017. Systematic sampling technique was used to select a total of 532 study participant. Data entry was done with EPI-info version 3.5.3 and transferred into SPSS Version 20. Crude with adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval at p- value < 0.05were computed to examine statistical significance. Results:Based on food security assessment core module scale 360 (67.3%) People living with HIV/AIDSwere food insecure. People living with HIV/AIDSwho disclose HIV status were 3.9 (AOR=3.902, 95% CI (1.238, 12.301) times more likely to be food secured compared with their counterparts.Similarly, those who were with high and medium dietary diversity were about 5 times more likely to be house hold food insecure compared to those with low dietary diversity AOR= 4.990(2.488,10.05), AOR= 4.696(1.54,14.36), respectively. Conclusions:Food Security status among People living with HIV/AIDSon ART in Hawassa town was low. Dietary diversity, household size, and disclosing HIV status were found to be significant predictors of food security. Key words: Food security, food insecurity ,Adult living with HIV/AIDS.

Increased prevalence of liver fibrosis in people living with HIV without viral hepatitis compared to population controls

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte Marie Kirkegaard-Klitbo ◽  
Flemming Bendtsen ◽  
Jens Lundgren ◽  
Robert J de Knegt ◽  
Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Previous Exposure ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Population Controls

Abstract Background Liver fibrosis is associated with poor liver related outcomes and mortality. People living with HIV (PWH) may be at increased risk. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with liver fibrosis in PWH compared to population controls. Methods Cross-sectional cohort study. We compared 342 PWH with 2,190 population controls aged 50-70 years. Transient elastography was performed and elevated liver stiffness measurement (LSM) defined as 7.6kPa as a proxy for significant liver fibrosis. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were computed by logistic regression. Results The prevalence of elevated LSM was higher in PWH than in uninfected controls (12% vs 7%), p&lt;0.01). HIV infection was independently associated with elevated LSM. In multivariate analysis, elevated LSM was associated with HIV (aOR:1.84 (1.17;2.88), p&lt;0.01); higher age (per decade, aOR:3.34 (1.81;6.18), p&lt;0.01); ALT (per 10 IU/L, aOR:1.25 (1.05;1.49), p&lt;0.01); BMI (per 1 kg/m 2, aOR:1.17 (1.05;1.29), p&lt;0.01) and previous exposure to didanosine (per year aOR:2.26 (1,01;5.06), p=0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of elevated LSM was higher in PWH compared to population controls. Higher age, BMI, ALT, previous exposure to didanosine and a positive HIV status was independently associated with higher odds of elevated LSM.

scholarly journals Determinants and effects or consequences of internal HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Ben Moussa ◽  
Rosemary M. Delabre ◽  
Virginie Villes ◽  
Mohammed Elkhammas ◽  
Aziza Bennani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Stigma Score ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background HIV-related stigma and discrimination constitute a barrier to different intervention programs. Unlike external stigma, internal stigma is not well explored in in the Middle East and North African countries, while grasping this particular form of stigma is essential to limit its effects. The present study aims to measure internal stigma effects and to identify factors associated with this kind of stigma not yet documented among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Morocco. Methods The PLHIV Stigma Index questionnaire (adapted and translated into French and Moroccan Arabic dialect “darija”) was used to collect information regarding the stigma and discrimination experienced by PLHIV across 8 cities in Morocco (September–October 2016). A randomly drawn cluster of 10 PLHIV, consisting of 5 men and 5 women, was drawn at each participating medical care center to achieve a nationally representative sample of PLHIV. Fifteen interviewers living with HIV and five supervisors were selected and trained to administer the questionnaire. An internal stigma score (range: 0–7), was calculated based on seven negative feelings/ beliefs. Negative binomial regression was used to identify characteristics associated with the internal stigma score. Results Among 626 PLHIV, internal stigma was reported by 88.2%. The median [IQR] internal stigma score was 4 [2–5]. Regarding internal stigma, 51% avoided going to the local clinic when needed and 44% chose not to attend social gatherings. Belonging to at least one key population (aIRR [95%CI] = 1.15 [1.03; 1.28]), experiencing discriminatory reactions from family following HIV status disclosure (1.28 [1.11; 1.49]), avoiding HIV services for fear of stigmatization by staff (1.16 [1.05; 1.28]) and being denied health services because of HIV status (1.16 [1.03;1.32]), are among the factors significantly associated with an increase of the internal stigma score. Conclusions Internal stigma is high among Moroccan PLHIV and significantly impacting their life decisions and their healthcare access. Multi-level interventions are needed to address internal stigma experienced by PLHIV in Morocco.

scholarly journals HIV Disclosure and Quality of Life in People Living with HIV/AIDS in Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Tutur Irfantoro ◽  
Dwi Kartika Rukmi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Status Disclosure ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Status Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Victory Plus Foundation is a Non-Government Organization that helps the population directly affected by HIV/AIDS in Yogyakarta. Status disclosure’s research on People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Victory Plus Foundation is scarce. Even though the status disclosure is one of HIV spreading prevention, it has two-sided effects, both negative and positive, so its result can affect the quality of life despite PLWHA having tried to find a support system. Therefore, it is essential to know how the quality of life of PLWHA has opened up their status.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between HIV status disclosure and the quality of life of PLWHA in the Victory Plus Foundation, Yogyakarta.Method: This descriptive-analytic correlation study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted in June-July 2019 on 68 PLWHA at the Victory Plus Foundation. Purposively, samples were asked to fill out a disclosure questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF. Univariate data presented in descriptions and Chi-Square tested bivariate data.Result: Most of the HIV status disclosure of PLWHA in the Victory Plus foundation was classified into a moderate category (77.9%) and low quality of life (64 %). The bivariate test result found a significant relationship between the HIV status disclosures with the quality of life in general (p = 0.001) with a moderate relationship closeness (r=0.403).Conclusion: Consequently, there is a relationship between the HIV status disclosures with the quality of life of PLWHA in the Victory Plus Foundation in Yogyakarta.

scholarly journals Exploring the Patterns of Use and Acceptability of Mobile Phones Among People Living With HIV to Improve Care and Treatment: Cross-Sectional Study in Three Francophone West African Countries

10.2196/13741 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e13741
Author(s):  
Phillipe Lepère ◽  
Yélamikan Touré ◽  
Alexandra M Bitty-Anderson ◽  
Simon P Boni ◽  
Gildas Anago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
West African ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background The use of mobile technology in health care (mobile health [mHealth]) could be an innovative way to improve health care, especially for increasing retention in HIV care and adherence to treatment. However, there is a scarcity of studies on mHealth among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in West and Central Africa. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the acceptability of an mHealth intervention among PLHIV in three countries of West Africa. Methods A cross-sectional study among PLHIV was conducted in 2017 in three francophone West African countries: Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, and Togo. PLHIV followed in the six preselected HIV treatment and care centers, completed a standardized questionnaire on mobile phone possession, acceptability of mobile phone for HIV care and treatment, preference of mobile phone services, and phone sharing. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to describe variables and assess factors associated with mHealth acceptability. Results A total of 1131 PLHIV—643 from Côte d’Ivoire, 239 from Togo, and 249 from Burkina Faso—participated in the study. Median age was 44 years, and 76.1% were women (n=861). Almost all participants owned a mobile phone (n=1107, 97.9%), and 12.6% (n=140) shared phones with a third party. Acceptability of mHealth was 98.8%, with the majority indicating their preference for both phone calls and text messages. Factors associated with mHealth acceptability were having a primary school education or no education (adjusted odds ratio=7.15, 95% CI 5.05-10.12; P<.001) and waiting over one hour before meeting a medical doctor on appointment day (adjusted odds ratio=1.84, 95% CI 1.30-2.62; P=.01). Conclusions The use of mHealth in HIV treatment and care is highly acceptable among PLHIV and should be considered a viable tool to allow West and Central African countries to achieve the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 goals.

scholarly journals Exploring the Patterns of Use and Acceptability of Mobile Phones Among People Living With HIV to Improve Care and Treatment: Cross-Sectional Study in Three Francophone West African Countries (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipe Lepère ◽  
Yélamikan Touré ◽  
Alexandra M Bitty-Anderson ◽  
Simon P Boni ◽  
Gildas Anago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
West African ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv

BACKGROUND The use of mobile technology in health care (mobile health [mHealth]) could be an innovative way to improve health care, especially for increasing retention in HIV care and adherence to treatment. However, there is a scarcity of studies on mHealth among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in West and Central Africa. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the acceptability of an mHealth intervention among PLHIV in three countries of West Africa. METHODS A cross-sectional study among PLHIV was conducted in 2017 in three francophone West African countries: Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, and Togo. PLHIV followed in the six preselected HIV treatment and care centers, completed a standardized questionnaire on mobile phone possession, acceptability of mobile phone for HIV care and treatment, preference of mobile phone services, and phone sharing. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to describe variables and assess factors associated with mHealth acceptability. RESULTS A total of 1131 PLHIV—643 from Côte d’Ivoire, 239 from Togo, and 249 from Burkina Faso—participated in the study. Median age was 44 years, and 76.1% were women (n=861). Almost all participants owned a mobile phone (n=1107, 97.9%), and 12.6% (n=140) shared phones with a third party. Acceptability of mHealth was 98.8%, with the majority indicating their preference for both phone calls and text messages. Factors associated with mHealth acceptability were having a primary school education or no education (adjusted odds ratio=7.15, 95% CI 5.05-10.12; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001) and waiting over one hour before meeting a medical doctor on appointment day (adjusted odds ratio=1.84, 95% CI 1.30-2.62; <italic>P</italic>=.01). CONCLUSIONS The use of mHealth in HIV treatment and care is highly acceptable among PLHIV and should be considered a viable tool to allow West and Central African countries to achieve the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 goals.

Disclosure of HIV Status Beyond Sexual Partners by People Living with HIV in France: A Call for Help? Results from the National Cross-Sectional Survey ANRS-VESPA2

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Marcellin ◽  
◽  
Marie Suzan-Monti ◽  
Antoine Vilotitch ◽  
Luis Sagaon-Teyssier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Partners ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Elevated highly sensitive C-reactive protein and d-dimer levels are associated with food insecurity among people living with HIV in Pune, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 2022-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandesh Patil ◽  
Dileep Kadam ◽  
Nicky Mehtani ◽  
Shashikala Sangle ◽  
Ivan Marbaniang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Family Income ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Western India ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Living With Hiv

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and determinants of food insecurity among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Pune, India and its association with biomarkers known to confer increased risks of morbidity and mortality in this population.DesignCross-sectional analysis assessing food insecurity using the standardized Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Participants were dichotomized into two groups: food insecure and food secure. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations between socio-economic, demographic, clinical, biochemical factors and food insecurity.SettingAntiretroviral therapy (ART) centre of Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals (BJGMC–SGH), Pune, a large publicly funded tertiary and teaching hospital in western India.ParticpantsAdult (≥18 years) PLWH attending the ART centre between September 2015 and May 2016 who had received ART for either ≤7d (ART-naïve) or ≥1 year (ART-experienced).ResultsFood insecurity was reported by 40 % of 483 participants. Independent risk factors (adjusted OR; 95 % CI) included monthly family income <INR 5000 (~70 USD; 13·2; CI 5·4, 32·2) and consuming ≥4 non-vegetarian meals per week (4·7; 1·9, 11·9). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) ≥0·33 mg/dl (1·6; 1·04, 2·6) and d-dimer levels 0·19–0·31 µg/ml (1·6; 1·01, 2·6) and ≥0·32 µg/ml (1·9; 1·2, 3·2) were also associated with food insecurity.ConclusionsMore than a third of the study participants were food insecure. Furthermore, higher hs-CRP and d-dimer levels were associated with food insecurity. Prospective studies are required to understand the relationship between food insecurity, hs-CRP and d-dimer better.

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