The circulation of coins and the Roman periphery

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahir Şaul
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Classical Archaeology ◽  
Interesting Part ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
European Periphery

The discussion of coin finds in the European periphery and the light they throw on the nature of the Roman socio-economic complex is the most interesting part of this paper for me, because it is somewhat analogous to the relations of western Europe with west Africa in the 19th and early colonial 20th centuries. But this commentary steps over into the vast field of classical archaeology that is unfamiliar to me and instead of pursuing this analogy I find it more comfortable to make a few more general remarks on the use of social anthropological ideas and questions of method.

Mapping Senegambia: Legacies of Ambition and the Failure of an Early Colonial Venture

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-231
Author(s):  
Sven Outram-Leman
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Senegal River ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
Secure Access ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
River Niger

Britain's short-lived Province of Senegambia (1765–1783) was part of an expansion effort in the region driven by a desire to secure access to the gum trade of the Senegal river. Drawing on Britain's knowledge of France's dealings with the Upper-Senegal region it was complemented by the adoption of French cartography, edited to illustrate a new colonial identity. It is argued here that there was an additional motive of developing closer contact with the African interior. This pre-dates the establishment of the African Association in 1788 and its subsequent and better-known expeditions to the River Niger. In contrast to the French, however, the British struggled to engage with the region. This paper approaches the topic from a perspective of cartographic history. It highlights Thomas Jeffery's map of ‘Senegambia Proper’ (1768), copied from Jean Baptiste Bourguingnon d'Anville's ’Carte Particuliére de la Côte Occidentale de l'Afrique' (1751) and illustrative of several obstacles facing both British map-making and colonial expansion in mid-eighteenth century Africa. It is argued that the later enquiries and map-making activities of the African Association, which were hoped to lead to the colonisation of West Africa, built upon these experiences of failure in Senegambia.

The American South

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Reagan Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
American South ◽  
Public Memory ◽  
Film Music ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Racial Tension ◽  
The American South

The American South: A Very Short Introduction explores the American South, a distinctive place with a dramatic history. It is a cultural crossroads, where Western Europe met West Africa in a colonial slave society. The Civil War and civil rights movement transformed the South and remain a part of a vibrant and contested public memory. Moreover, the South's pronounced traditionalism in customs and values have always contended with the forces of modernization and the continuing challenges of racial tension. This VSI looks at Southerners' diverse creative responses to these experiences, in literature, film, music, and cuisine, which have had worldwide influence.

Peace and palaver: international relations in pre-colonial West Africa

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Smith
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
International Relations ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
West African ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Facilitated Communication ◽  
European Languages ◽  
European Diplomacy

International relations in pre-colonial West Africa were conducted in accordance with customary law, which exhibited broadly similar characteristics over a wide area. Trade and politics, linking the coast, the forest and the savannah, led to the development of diplomacy in the more centrally-organized states. Inter-African embassies enjoyed a degree of prestige and immunity comparable to that which protected European diplomacy, and a widely accepted protocol regulated negotiations. Treaties were concluded solemnly and sanctions were provided for their observance. Embassies were also sent to Europe and adjacent European possessions and settlements, North Africa and the Near East, and were generally received on a proper footing.The indigenous system of international relations was affected by two major external influences. The first, that of Islam, notably contributed literacy, and led in the Islamized states and in Ashanti to the evolution of chanceries. It also introduced the distinction in international law and practice between Muslims and non-Muslims. The Muslim states exchanged embassies, Bornu, for example, maintaining intermittent relations with North Africa and Istanbul for three centuries. The second influence, that of Western Europe, spread the knowledge of European languages which, like Arabic, facilitated communication between West Africans themselves as well as with outsiders. The development of the resident embassy in sixteenth-century Europe was apparently not reflected in West Africa until the nineteenth century, but approximations to the system of continuous diplomacy did arise, probably independently. Diplomatic relations with both Muslims and Europeans tended to increase the influence in West African politics and society of the literate élite.The indigenous system of international relations in West Africa was flexible and effective, and it seems that it was not so much diplomatic as military incapacity which allowed the Muslims to overthrow governments there and the Europeans to partition the region.

Revision of the taxonomy of the larvae of the subfamily Eutrombidiinae (Acarina : Microtrombidiidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
RV Southcott
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
West Africa ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
Belgian Congo

The subfamily Eutrombidiinae of the Trombidioidea (Acarina) is revised, and placed with the Microtrombidiinae in the family Microtrombidiidae; it is divided into the three tribes Eutrombidiini, Hexathrombiini, trib, nov., and Milliotrombidiini, trib. nov., with differing biological characters as well as taxonomic. The division is made for the larvae, as adult-larva correlations are known only for Eutrombidium. Eutrombidiini is left with two genera: Verdunella, gen. nov., monotypic with V. lockleii (Welbourn & Young) from Araneida, North America, and Eutrombidium Verdun, cosmopolitan from Orthoptera, principally Acrididae, with the following species recognised as larvae: E. centrale, sp, nov., E. occidentale, sp. nov., E. orientale, sp. nov. (North America), E. trigonum (Hermann) (western Europe), E. africanum, sp. nov., E. macfarlanei, sp. nov. (Niger, west Africa), E. verdense, sp. nov. (Cape Verde Islands, Atlantic), E. robauxi, sp. nov. (Corfu, Turkey), E. feldmanmuhsamae Feider (Israel), E. indicum, sp. nov. (India), and E. australiense, sp. nov. (Australia). The following nominal taxa (larvae) are left unkeyed: E. debilipes (Leonardi) (western Russia), E. locustarum (Walsh) (North America), E. odorheiense Feider (Romania) (with subspecies E. o. odorheiense Feider and E. o. littorale Feider), and E. townsendi (Dumbleton) (New Zealand). Larvae of the Hexathrombiini are ectoparasitic on Coleoptera (one exception); genera indude Hexathrombium Cooreman, Hoplothrombium Ewing and Beronium Southcott. Hexathrombium has two species, H. spatuliferum Cooreman (on carabid beetle, former Belgian Congo), and H. willisi, sp. nov. (on cicindelid beetle, North America). Hoplothrombium is known from H. quinquescutatum Ewing (on ‘beetle mite’, i.e. Oribatei, Acarina, in toad's stomach, North America). Beronium is known for B. coiffaiti (Beron), an eyeless form (from cavernicolous carabid beetle, North Africa). Milliotrombidiini larvae are ectoparasites of Myriapoda; genera include Milliotrombidium Shiba, with M. milliopodum Shiba (from millipede, Malaya) and Kepongia, gen, nov., with K. malayensis, sp. nov. (from centipede, Malaya). Names are assigned to the various specialised setae on tarsus III of the larvae with ‘deformed’ claws, i.e. with tarsus III modified for saltation.

Ethnographic Collecting and African Agency in Early Colonial West Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Kingdon ◽  
Kathryn Brown ◽  
Véronique Chagnon-Burke ◽  
Christel H. Force ◽  
Charlotte Galloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Early Colonial

Labor Migration to Western Europe: A Commentary on O'Loughlin 1986

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1121-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Waldorf ◽  
A Esparza
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
European Periphery ◽  
Disequilibrium Theory

In this commentary we challenge O'Loughlin's article published in Environment and Planning A, in which he concludes that economic factors only marginally influence migration from the European periphery to Western Europe. First, we consider several methodological inconsistencies that bring O'Loughlin's study into question. Second, a model is developed, derived from disequilibrium theory, that, in contrast to O'Loughlin's findings, demonstrates the importance of economic factors for international migration in Europe in the postwar period.

scholarly journals Do Nearctic Northern Wheatears (Oenanthe Oenanthe Leucorhoa) Migrate Nonstop to Africa?

The Condor ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasper Thorup ◽  
Kasper Thorup ◽  
Troels Eske Ortvad ◽  
JØrgen RabØl
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Great Circle ◽  
Wintering Grounds ◽  
Oenanthe Oenanthe ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Flight Costs ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Direct Flight ◽  
Great Circle Distance

Abstract We present data suggesting that Northern Wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe leucorhoa) breeding in West Greenland and Canada may be able to accomplish migration to their wintering grounds in West Africa in one direct, transatlantic crossing of more than 4000 km (great circle distance). This conclusion is based on analyses of wing lengths, body weights, and timing of departure from West Greenland and arrival on an island 350 km off the coast of Morocco. Previously, it has been suggested that Nearctic wheatears migrate to Africa by a two-step journey, the first leg comprising a shorter transatlantic crossing to western Europe. A long, direct flight has previously been considered unfeasible as the predicted flight costs were considered to be too high. However, recent insights in aerodynamic theory make these long ocean crossings appear more feasible, especially when taking the use of tailwinds into account.

Reinventing the Wheel: The Economic Benefits of Wheeled Transportation in Early Colonial British West Africa

2014 ◽  
pp. 321-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaías Chaves ◽  
Stanley L. Engerman ◽  
James A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Early Colonial

THE ROLE OF SLAVE LABOR IN GROUNDNUT PRODUCTION IN EARLY COLONIAL KANO

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMED BASHIR SALAU
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Slave Labor ◽  
Cash Crop ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Large Estate

ABSTRACTThis article reinforces the interpretation of numerous scholars who have highlighted the role of slave labor in groundnut production during the ‘cash-crop revolution’ in West Africa in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It also expands Jan Hogendorn's argument on the African initiatives involved in the expansion of groundnut production in colonial Northern Nigeria. In particular, it provides evidence of the key role of the emir of Kano (Abbas) and important merchants in the transition to groundnut cultivation and the significant use of slave labor by these large estate-holders. The article focuses mainly on the Fanisau unit of Kano.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document