COMPARATIVEEVALUATION OF LILY VARIETIES OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN SELECTIVE BREEDING FROMDIVISION 1 -ASIATIC HYBRIDSIN THE ALTAI REGION

This paper discusses theresults of the comparative evaluation of 9 lily varieties of domestic selective breeding and 15 foreign varieties from Division 1 -Asiatic hybridsin order to identify the varietiesmost adapted to the climatic conditions of the Altai Region and to identify the sources of valuable traits for selective breeding.No differences in winter hardiness and flowering period were found.The following morphological differences of foreign varieties were revealed: plant height, on average 54 cm (from 28 to 75), flowering productivity 5.7 pcs.(from 1 to 12), and those of domestic, respectively, 81 cm (from 48 to 127) and 9.2 pcs.(from 5 to 11).The score-points of the ornamentalcharacters in the domestic varieties varied from 60.5 (‘Ni-na’) to 86 (‘Tornado’), averaging 77.0 score-points.The foreign varieties were slightly behind in ornamental valuesbecause on dry seasons the flowersof ‘Orange Electric’ and ’Crossover’ varieties were deformed.The evaluation of economic and biological characters of foreign varieties varied from 25.0 to 33.0 score-points due to the low productivity of flowering and reproduction, on average, by 9.7 points lower than that of domestic varieties. According to the comprehensive evaluationresults, the following vari-eties were recommended to be used in landscaping of the Region and cut-flower industry in the open field: ‘Apelsin-ka’, ‘Karusel’, ‘Rozovaya Polyanka’, ‘Diadema’ and ‘Torna-do’ with 118.5-129 points.The best foreign varieties (from 110.0 to118.0 points) were ‘Whistler’, ‘London Heart’ and ‘Loreto’.Domestic bulbous varieties are suitable for fast reproduction -‘Apelsinka’, ‘Karusel’, ‘Diadema’, ‘Lunnaya Serenada’, ‘Nota’ and ‘Rozovaya Polyanka’.For further use in selective breeding, the following varieties as sources of late flowering are promising ones: domestic varieties-‘No-ta’, ‘Nenaglyadnaya’, ‘Tornado’;foreign varieties-‘Pearl Justine’ and ‘Pearl Caroline’.The original color of the flow-ers was a distinctive feature by of the ‘Brushmark’group varieties -‘Loreto’, ‘Diadema’, ‘Tornado’, and from the ‘Tango’group -‘Purple Heart’.

Ontogenes and the genetics of intraspecific similarity

The experiments by Gregor Mendel, which formed the background for genetics, were performed with the characters of intraspecific difference (alternative characters). Mendelian protein-coding genes are responsible for these characters. Until recently, these genes were regarded as the only and main hereditary factors responsible for ontogenesis and phylogenesis. The review outlines the information about another category of biological characters (the characters of intraspecific similarity) and, correspondingly, of a special category of genes responsible for these characters (ontogenes). The study into mutations of ontogenes in drosophila experiments suggests that (1) ontogenes control the construction of cell ensembles and trigger protein-coding genes in cells; (2) the program of individual development is encoded in ontogenes and “edited” in germline cells; (3) ontogenes fulfill a regulatory function without any contacts and chemical intermediaries, which suggests a kind of biophysical activity; and (4) two categories of cells—stem cells and terminally differentiated cells—correspond to these two categories of genes. Ontogenes are active in stem cells and protein-coding genes, in terminally differentiated cells.

ETMR-09. THE ROLE OF RADIATION FOR EMBRYONAL TUMOR WITH MULTILAYERED ROSETTES

BACKGROUND Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) is a challenging tumor. The prognosis of the patients suffering from this tumor is extremely poor. We have survival cases of more than 12 months. However, the status of illness is different. In order to clarify the cause of this difference, we reviewed our treatments in this study. TREATMENT COURSE: We have two cases. Both have relapsed after the same chemotherapy after the same radiation therapy. After the recurrence we used protocols that were included extended resection, second radiation therapy with bevacizumab. METHODS We compared molecular biological evaluations for the initial and recurrent tumors. The resection rate at the time of second removal and the intensity of radiation therapy intensity were compared. RESULTS We succeeded to remove the tumors with the confirmation of intraoperative MRI. No apparent differences could be seen in molecular biological characters of tumors before and after treatment. There was a difference between the period until radiation therapy and the irradiation methods. CONCLUSIONS This tumor is untreatable only by resection. We need the second radiation therapy with bevacizumab. It was presumed that tumor should be irradiated quickly with appropriate irradiation field and dose.

Chylorhabditis epuraeae n. gen., n. sp. (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae) isolated from Epuraea (Haptoncus) ocularis Fairmaire collected from sap on the bark of Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. in Kyoto, Japan

Summary A new rhabditid entomophilic nematode was isolated from adult Epuraea (Haptoncus) ocularis collected from brown to light brown sap on the trunk of Ulmus parvifolia in Kyoto, Japan. The typological characters of the species, anteriorly opened peloderan bursa with nine bursal rays with the first, fifth, and eighth pairs directed dorsally, very long and two-part spicule with broad tip, and elongate conical female tail, do not fit the current nominal rhabditid genera. While phylogenetic analyses based on the near-full-length small subunit (18S) ribosomal RNA sequence tentatively suggest that the species is the sister of Buetschlinema, the typological and biological characters of the new species clearly differ from that genus, and so a new species is described herein as Chylorhabditis epuraeae n. gen., n. sp.

The Confirmed Occurence of Serpent Eel Ophisurus serpens in Saros Bay (Northern Agean Sea), Turkey

One mature female specimen of serpent eel Ophisurus serpens (Linnaeus, 1758) was caught by long line by a professional fisherman at a depth of about 45 m from Ece Bight, Saros Bay, north Aegean Sea on 15 February 2016. The species was previously reported without any morphometric and meristic characters from Saros Bay. Some biological characters, such as age and diameters of otolith and oocytes, are also given. In this study, the detailed morphomeristic features, which can contribute to the taxonomic studies of serpent eel from Turkish Seas, are presented.

Biogeographical and ecological insights from Australasian faunas: the megadiverse collembolan genus, Entomobrya (Entomobryidae)

Originally the genus Entomobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) comprised 25 species names in Australia including 7 subspecies of which 13 were exotic (50%) and the rest native. All native species had been either described by H. Schött or H. Womersley and had not been examined since 1942. Specific characters they used were few, mainly colour pattern and gross morphological features such as unguis, unguis teeth and mucronal form. Chaetotaxic characters have now been developed. We now here recognise 47 species of Australian Entomobrya and Hymalanura based on a large collection made over 50 years. Six species (12%) are now recognised as introduced, 37 are new and three unresolved because of lack of specimens in good condition. Detailed descriptions and figures are supplied. Several new species are short-range endemics of conservation significance, others are specialised as to habitat, but most are widespread. Entomobrya is now the most species rich genus of Australian Collembola. A phylogenetic tree based on morphological and biological characters revealed clusters of exotic and montane habitat specialists, indicating that the genus is paraphyletic and so confirms other authors’ work based on molecular characters. A key is supplied to Australian genera of Entomobryomorpha. A new genus record, Himalanura, is recognised extending its range to the Southern Hemisphere and 5,000 km further southeast.