Multivariate Visualiztion and Analysis Tools for Segmentation and Classification of Vibrational Spectroscopic Images

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 865-866
Author(s):  
F. Delaglio ◽  
L.H. Kidder ◽  
I.W. Levin ◽  
E.N. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Vibrational Spectrum ◽  
Point Spectrum ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Macroscopic Level ◽  
Chemical And Biological Systems

Vibrational spectroscopic imaging has already demonstrated enormous potential for studying a variety of chemical and biological systems at both the microscopic and macroscopic level. However, these spectral images are large and complicated, typically consisting of tens of thousands of pixels, each with an associated high-resolution vibrational spectrum, leading to data sizes upwards of 64 megabytes. In order to realize the full potential of these spectral images, we must find ways to query the data so that specific questions can be answered.We illustrate a multivariate approach to this challenge, where each pixel is considered to be a single point in a multivariate (N-dimensional) space. The variables (coordinates) of the point in N dimensions are simply the intensities of the N-point spectrum associated with the pixel. In this representation, pixels with similar spectra will tend to cluster together in the multivariate space, since they will have similar coordinates.

“High Resolution High Voltage Electron Microscopy”

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 326-327
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
High Voltage Electron

The potential advantages of high voltage electron microscopy for extending the limits of resolution and contrast in imaging low contrast objects, such as biomolecular specimens, is very great. The results of computations will be presented showing that at accelerating voltages of 500-1000 kV it should be possible to achieve spacial resolutions of 1 to 1.5 Å and using phase contrast imaging achieve adequate image contrast to observe single atoms of low atomic number.The practical problems associated with the design and utilization of the high voltage instrument are, optimistically, within the range of competence of the state of the art. However, there are some extremely important and critical areas to be systematically investigated before we have achieved this competence. The basic electron optics of the column required is well understood, but before the full potential of an instrument capable of resolutions of better than 1.5 Å are realized some very careful development work will be required. Of great importance for the actual achievement of high resolution with a high voltage electron microscope is the fundamental limitation set by the characteristics of the high voltage electron beam that can be obtained from the accelerator column.

On the Classification of Fractal and Non-Fractal Objects in Two-Dimensional Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1232-1239
Author(s):  
P. M. Pustovoit ◽  
E. G. Yashina ◽  
K. A. Pshenichnyi ◽  
S. V. Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Two Dimensional

Celestial Tapestry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Mee
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Curriculum ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Golden Section ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Computer Art ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Axiomatic Method ◽  
Higher Dimensional

Celestial Tapestry places mathematics within a vibrant cultural and historical context, highlighting links to the visual arts and design, and broader areas of artistic creativity. Threads are woven together telling of surprising influences that have passed between the arts and mathematics. The story involves many intriguing characters: Gaston Julia, who laid the foundations for fractals and computer art while recovering in hospital after suffering serious injury in the First World War; Charles Howard, Hinton who was imprisoned for bigamy but whose books had a huge influence on twentieth-century art; Michael Scott, the Scottish necromancer who was the dedicatee of Fibonacci’s Book of Calculation, the most important medieval book of mathematics; Richard of Wallingford, the pioneer clockmaker who suffered from leprosy and who never recovered from a lightning strike on his bedchamber; Alicia Stott Boole, the Victorian housewife who amazed mathematicians with her intuition for higher-dimensional space. The book includes more than 200 colour illustrations, puzzles to engage the reader, and many remarkable tales: the secret message in Hans Holbein’s The Ambassadors; the link between Viking runes, a Milanese banking dynasty, and modern sculpture; the connection between astrology, religion, and the Apocalypse; binary numbers and the I Ching. It also explains topics on the school mathematics curriculum: algorithms; arithmetic progressions; combinations and permutations; number sequences; the axiomatic method; geometrical proof; tessellations and polyhedra, as well as many essential topics for arts and humanities students: single-point perspective; fractals; computer art; the golden section; the higher-dimensional inspiration behind modern art.

scholarly journals Matchup Characteristics of Sea Surface Salinity Using a High-Resolution Ocean Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2995
Author(s):  
Frederick M. Bingham ◽  
Severine Fournier ◽  
Susannah Brodnitz ◽  
Karly Ulfsax ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Salinity ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Argo Floats ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Salinity Difference

Sea surface salinity (SSS) satellite measurements are validated using in situ observations usually made by surfacing Argo floats. Validation statistics are computed using matched values of SSS from satellites and floats. This study explores how the matchup process is done using a high-resolution numerical ocean model, the MITgcm. One year of model output is sampled as if the Aquarius and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellites flew over it and Argo floats popped up into it. Statistical measures of mismatch between satellite and float are computed, RMS difference (RMSD) and bias. The bias is small, less than 0.002 in absolute value, but negative with float values being greater than satellites. RMSD is computed using an “all salinity difference” method that averages level 2 satellite observations within a given time and space window for comparison with Argo floats. RMSD values range from 0.08 to 0.18 depending on the space–time window and the satellite. This range gives an estimate of the representation error inherent in comparing single point Argo floats to area-average satellite values. The study has implications for future SSS satellite missions and the need to specify how errors are computed to gauge the total accuracy of retrieved SSS values.

scholarly journals How Can I Grab That?

i-com ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Matthias Weise ◽  
Raphael Zender ◽  
Ulrike Lucke
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Application Developers ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

AbstractThe selection and manipulation of objects in Virtual Reality face application developers with a substantial challenge as they need to ensure a seamless interaction in three-dimensional space. Assessing the advantages and disadvantages of selection and manipulation techniques in specific scenarios and regarding usability and user experience is a mandatory task to find suitable forms of interaction. In this article, we take a look at the most common issues arising in the interaction with objects in VR. We present a taxonomy allowing the classification of techniques regarding multiple dimensions. The issues are then associated with these dimensions. Furthermore, we analyze the results of a study comparing multiple selection techniques and present a tool allowing developers of VR applications to search for appropriate selection and manipulation techniques and to get scenario dependent suggestions based on the data of the executed study.

High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphic Frameworks Research in the XII Group of the Member III of Qing Shankou Formation in the Qian'an Oilfield

2013 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun Lei Li ◽  
Lei Qin ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Xi Long Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Stratigraphic Correlation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Middle Term ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Mud Logging ◽  
High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Symmetric Structures

With the instruction of the high resolution sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology theory, and the comprehensive application of 11 wells core, more than 800 mud logging and log data, high resolution sequence stratigraphic characteristics research in the XII Group of the Member III of Qing Shankou Formation in the Qianan oilfield has been finished. The results show that the study area can be divided into one middle-term base level cycle and five short-term base level cycles. The only sequence structure of middle term cycle is (B type) and the short term cycle mainly consists of B types meanwhile there are small mounts of upward deepening structures (A type) and symmetric structures (C type). Based on the classification of base-level cycles, fine stratigraphic correlation is conducted by using isochronous cycle correlations. In addition, 15 high resolution sequence stratigraphic frameworks are established which unify the study area and provide the solid geological basis for the sandstone distribution, the identification of mainly oil-bearing sand bodies and potential oil reservoirs.

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