Exploring Explanations for Local Reductions in Teenage Pregnancy Rates in England: An Approach Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis

Teenage pregnancy rates in the UK are high compared with many other countries but there is marked variation across local areas, including those with high deprivation. This study uses the method of Qualitative Comparative Analysis to identify conditions associated with the presence or absence of a narrowing gap in teenage pregnancy rates as measured by the differences between deprived local authority areas and the national average. A higher proportion of black and minority ethnic groups in the local population is found to be a sufficient although not necessary condition for narrowing to have occurred. Surprisingly, a good assessment of commissioning practice – combined with other conditions – was associated with areas where the gap has not been narrowing.

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Research on the Relationship between Shared Leadership and Individual Creativity-Qualitative Comparative Analysis on the Basis of Clear Set

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13105445 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 5445

Author(s):

Muyun Sun ◽

Jigan Wang ◽

Ting Wen

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Shared Leadership ◽

Management Practices ◽

Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sufficient And Necessary Condition

Creativity is the key to obtaining and maintaining competitiveness of modern organizations, and it has attracted much attention from academic circles and management practices. Shared leadership is believed to effectively influence team output. However, research on the impact of individual creativity is still in its infancy. This study adopts the qualitative comparative analysis method, taking 1584 individuals as the research objects, underpinned by a questionnaire-based survey. It investigates the influence of the team’s shared leadership network elements and organizational environmental factors on the individual creativity. We have found that there are six combination of conditions of shared leadership and organizational environmental factors constituting sufficient combination of conditions to increase or decrease individual creativity. Moreover, we have noticed that the low network density of shared leadership is a sufficient and necessary condition of reducing individual creativity. Our results also provide management suggestions for practical activities during the team management.

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Lone Mothers, Ethnicity and Welfare Dynamics

Journal of Social Policy ◽

10.1017/s0047279409990031 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 95-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

CHRISTINA MOKHTAR ◽

LUCINDA PLATT

Keyword(s):

Extensive Literature ◽

Welfare Dependency ◽

Data Set ◽

Administrative Records ◽

Lone Parents ◽

Lone Mothers ◽

Minority Ethnic Groups ◽

Policy Concern ◽

The Uk ◽

Minority Ethnic

AbstractThis article investigates the ethnic patterning of exit from means-tested benefits in a UK town. Lone parents in the UK face high risks of poverty and high rates of receipt of means-tested, out-of-work benefits. There has been extensive policy concern with lone parents' poverty and with potential ‘welfare dependency’. Investigation of welfare dynamics has unpacked the notion of welfare dependency, and has stimulated policy to better understand the factors associated with longer rather than shorter durations. However, within this analysis, there has been little attention paid to ethnicity. This is despite the fact that the extensive literature on the UK's minority ethnic groups has emphasised diversity in both rates of lone parenthood and risks of poverty. To date we have little understanding of ethnic variation in lone parents' welfare dynamics. Using a data set drawn from administrative records, this article analyses the chances of leaving means-tested benefit for a set of lone mothers in a single town, exploring whether there is variation by ethnic group. We find that, controlling for basic demographic characteristics, there is little evidence to suggest that ethnicity affects the chances of benefit exit, even between groups where rates of lone parenthood are very different.

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Factors affecting transaction costs in megaprojects: a qualitative comparative analysis

International Journal of Managing Projects in Business ◽

10.1108/ijmpb-08-2020-0267 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Dedong Wang ◽

Hui Li ◽

Yongqiang Lu

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Transaction Costs ◽

Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽

Asset Specificity ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Relational Contract ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Project Costs

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing the transaction costs (TCs) in megaprojects to provide a basis for controlling project costs.Design/methodology/approachThis study selects six factors influencing the TCs in megaprojects from the perspective of TC theory and relational contract theory (RCT) through literature review. On the basis of crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), this study tests combined factors influencing the TCs and the interaction between them.FindingsResults show that in megaprojects, TCs are affected by combination factors. The combination of asset specificity, uncertainty, transaction frequency and trust and the combination of asset specificity, reputation and trust will control TCs in certain situations. In the configuration leading to high project TCs, the combination of environmental and behavioral uncertainties is a necessary condition.Originality/valueThis paper fills up the research gap in the field of megaproject TCs, and researchers can focus on this field in the future.

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