Genetic diversity among Italian melon inodorus (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm revealed by ISSR analysis and agronomic traits

The genetic relationships among 13 melon inodorus populations that were collected in southern Italy were assessed using 100 inter-simple-sequence repeat (ISSR) primers and 15 morphological traits. The dihaploid line Nad-1 and the cultivar Charentais-T, both of which belong to the botanical variety cantalupensis, were used as reference accessions in the molecular analysis. A total of 358 polymorphic bands were obtained from 39 of the 100 ISSR primers used, and 15 phenotypic traits were scored and used for genetic-similarity calculations and cluster analysis. The resulting dendrograms based on the ISSR and phenotypic data allowed almost all of the melon genotypes to be distinguished on the basis of the skin colour of the fruits. Mantel's test revealed a good correlation between the morphological and molecular data in their ability to detect genetic relationships among melon ecotypes (r = 0.50, P = 0.99). The data obtained confirm the effectiveness of this approach, and open new perspectives to reveal possible molecular associations with the phenotypic traits analysed.

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Genetic control of agronomic traits in an oat population of recombinant lines

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332010000400004 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 305-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Itamar Cristiano Nava ◽

Ismael Tiago de Lima Duarte ◽

Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco ◽

Luiz Carlos Federizzi

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Genetic Control ◽

Plant Height ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Test Weight ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Plant Growth Habit ◽

Vegetative Cycle ◽

Efficiency Of Selection

Understanding the genetic control of phenotypic traits is essential to increase the efficiency of selection for adapted, high-yielding genotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic control of nine traits of hexaploid oat. Phenotypic data were collected from a population of 162 recombinant lines derived from the cross 'UFRGS17 x UFRGS 930598-6'. For the traits plant growth habit, hairs on leaf edges and panicle type, monogenic genetic control was observed. A quantitative and/or polygenic genetic control was stated for the traits panicle weight, panicle length, vegetative cycle, plant height, test weight and grain yield. High heritability was estimated for the traits vegetative cycle (h² = 0.89) and plant height (h² = 0.79), while moderate heritability was determined for test weight (h² = 0.51) and grain yield (h² = 0.48).

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Predation behaviour of millimetre-sized hydrozoan polyps on early ivory shell juveniles

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315420000788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (6) ◽

pp. 889-895

Author(s):

Yulin Huang ◽

Jingqiang Fu ◽

Yutong Shi ◽

Yunan Wang ◽

Qi Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Management Practices ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Babylonia Areolata ◽

Polyp Stage ◽

Benthic Pelagic Coupling ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Almost All ◽

Coupling Processes ◽

Colonial Hydroid

AbstractMarine hydroids, the polyp stage of hydrozoans, are assumed to be carnivores and play an important role in benthic-pelagic coupling processes by regulating zooplankton populations and transferring energy. The known hydroid diets mainly consist of zooplankton as well as some benthic diatoms and metazoans, almost all of which have smaller dimensions than the polyp. In the present study, a large-scale breeding failure of the early juveniles of the ivory shell Babylonia areolata (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Babyloniidae) was found in a local aquaculture farm in Fujian, China in July 2018. About 640,000 out of 800,000 early juveniles (80%) died due to predation by a millimetre-sized colonial hydroid species that was initially overlooked. The hydrozoan species was identified as Eirene sp. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Eirenidae) via the integration of morphological and molecular data. A laboratory feeding experiment showed that the hydroid predation led to an overall mortality of ivory shell juveniles of up to 92.6% after 48 h. The predation process was observed in the laboratory and a video showing the entire process was prepared. This is the first report of hydroids preying on gastropod juveniles, revealing a previously unknown threat to mollusc aquaculture including ivory shells. Several management practices are suggested to mitigate this newly recognized threat.

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Genetic diversity and relationships among Prunus cerasifera (cherry plum) clones

Botany ◽

10.1139/b08-097 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 86 (11) ◽

pp. 1311-1318 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Aniko Horvath ◽

Hélène Christmann ◽

Frédéric Laigret

Keyword(s):

Ssr Markers ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mean Value ◽

Factorial Correspondence Analysis ◽

Prunus Cerasifera ◽

Statistical Parsimony ◽

Natural Forms ◽

Cpdna Markers ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

Prunus cerasifera (Ehrh.) (cherry or Myrobalan plum) is a diverse species with several recognized subspecies and natural forms. It is used as rootstock or as an ornamental tree, and is considered to be one progenitor of the garden plum ( Prunus domestica L.). This study considers the genetic relationships among different P. cerasifera clones, including horticultural cultivars. Twenty nine P. cerasifera accessions of the Prunus Genetic Resources Collection of INRA were analysed using morphological traits, maternally inherited chloroplastic DNA (cpDNA) markers, and biparentally inherited microsatellite (SSR) markers. Ploidy information was obtained by flow cytometry. Multiple factorial correspondence analysis of morphological descriptors shows important differences between some clones, but most of the samples are grouped. Fifteen haplotypes of cpDNA were identified and clustered into three groups after statistical parsimony analysis. SSR markers revealed a total of 74 alleles, with a mean value of 10.6 alleles per locus. After analysis of ploidy level, P. cerasifera subsp. caspica was shown to have a hexaploid genome. Morphological and molecular data suggest that the taxonomic classification of some subspecies and of P. cerasifera subsp. caspica may need to be revised after analysis of additional individuals.

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First characterisation of minor and neglected Vitis vinifera L. cultivars from Mount Etna

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/198/2016-hortsci ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 37-46

Author(s):

Filippo Ferlito ◽

Elisabetta Nicolosi ◽

Stefano La Malfa ◽

Antonio Cicala ◽

Alessandra Gentile

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Germplasm Conservation ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mount Etna ◽

Conservation Strategy ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

Eight minor and neglected cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. were characterised according to their ampelographic and agronomic traits and discriminated by molecular analysis with SSR markers. These results are the first complete ampelographic description of these minor and neglected cultivars from the Mount Etna region. The results of this study reveal high morphological diversity of ancient grapevines growing in this region. SSR markers enabled us to discriminate the cultivars and revealed the genetic divergence between them and several autochthonous cultivars. Our efforts could contribute to a better knowledge of grape biodiversity based on morphological and molecular data and could be useful for the development of a reliable germplasm conservation strategy.

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Agronomic and molecular characterization of Chloris gayana cultivars and salinity response during germination and early vegetative growth

Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales ◽

10.17138/tgft(7)14-24 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 14-24

Author(s):

Andrea N. Ribotta ◽

Eliana López Colomba ◽

Graciela P. Bollati ◽

Gustavo G. Striker ◽

Edgardo J. Carloni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Warm Season ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Forage Production ◽

Synthetic Varieties ◽

Chloris Gayana

Chloris gayana is a warm-season grass, often cultivated in areas where soil salinity is a major constraint for forage production. Five cultivars (2 unselected populations and 3 synthetic varieties) were evaluated through agronomic traits as well as Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) and Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) molecular markers. The consensus between both agronomic and molecular data sets was high (>99%) suggesting that both systems provided similar estimates of genetic relationships. The analysis revealed that synthetic varieties, Finecut, Topcut and Santana, were the most genetically different cultivars, whereas the unselected populations, Pioneer and Katambora, were closely related. Responses to salinity stress during germination and early vegetative growth stages were evaluated in only the synthetic varieties. The results showed that Finecut and Santana were able to germinate in the same proportion as controls even at concentrations of 200 mM NaCl. Under hydroponic conditions, Santana attained approximately 20% higher total dry weight than the other 2 varieties and the longest roots. Finecut presented the highest root dry weight. These results suggested that Santana and Finecut showed high salinity tolerance at germination and early vegetative growth stages, both crucial phases when seeking a successful pasture establishment, particularly in saline environments. Further studies in the field are needed to determine if these hydroponic results are reproduced under field conditions.

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Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & García, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1019 ◽

pp. 93-140

Author(s):

Jennifer C. Girón ◽

Andrew Edward Z. Short

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South America ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Additional Species ◽

As Species ◽

High Resolution Images ◽

Species Groups ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Almost All ◽

First Time

The water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & García, 2007 currently contains ten species, including one known but formally undescribed taxon. Although Tobochares was revised in 2017, ongoing fieldwork as well as an expanded concept of the genus has led to the recognition of numerous additional species. Here a combination of morphological and molecular data is presented to review this newly found Tobochares diversity. Fifteen new species are described from South America, bringing the total number of known species to 25: Tobochares akoeriosp. nov. (Suriname), T. arawaksp. nov. (Guyana), T. anthonyaesp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), T. aturessp. nov., (Venezuela: Amazonas), T. benettiisp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas), T. canaimasp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), T. communissp. nov. (Brazil: Amapá and Roraima, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela: Bolívar), T. fusussp. nov. (Brazil: Amapá, French Guiana), T. goiassp. nov. (Brazil: Goiás), T. kappelsp. nov. (Suriname), T. kolokoesp. nov. (Suriname), T. luteomargosp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), T. micropssp. nov. (Suriname), T. pemonsp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), and T. romanoaesp. nov. (Brazil: Roraima). Both morphological and molecular analyses support four clades within the genus, which are here diagnosed and described as species groups. New distributional records are provided for T. kusad Kohlenberg & Short, 2017 and T. sipaliwini Short & Kadosoe, 2011, both of which are recorded from Brazil for the first time. Previously restricted to the Guiana Shield region of South America, the distributional range of the genus is now broadly expanded to include localities as far south as the central Brazilian state of Goiás. Consistent with the biology of the previously described species, almost all the new species described here are associated with seepage and wet rock habitats. Remarkably, one species, T. fusussp. nov., was collected in both seepage habitats as well as in the rotting fruits of Clusia Linnaeus (Clusiaceae), making it one of the few known acidocerines with terrestrial habits outside of the genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999. High-resolution images of most species are included, as well as a key to species groups, species, and habitat photographs.

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Association of Morphological, Ecological, and Genetic Diversity of Aerva javanica Populations Growing in the Eastern Desert of Egypt

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10030402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 402

Author(s):

Noha A. El-Tayeh ◽

Hanaa K. Galal ◽

Magda I. Soliman ◽

Hoida Zaki

Keyword(s):

Morphological Diversity ◽

Eastern Desert ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Soil Variables ◽

Sustainable Conservation ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Important Medicinal Plant ◽

Issr Primers

Aerva javanica is one of Egypt’s most important traditional medicinal plants used as antidiarrheal and anthelmintic medicine and recently as an anticancer agent. In this study, variations among ten populations of Aerva javanica in different sites in the Eastern Desert of Egypt were analyzed based on morphological and ecological attributes and molecular variation expressed by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Morphological diversity was higher for populations in the Wadi El-Markh and Bir Abbady regions than others. The polymorphism revealed by ten ISSR primers was 79.4% among populations. Distance trees created using the results obtained from soil variables, morphological characterizations, and molecular data showed that the highest similarity was 0.974 between Populations 8 and 9, while the lowest similarity was 0.715 between Population 1 and Population 3 regions. In conclusion, the obtained data are important to design a plan for sustainable conservation of Aerva javanica as an important medicinal plant having a wide interspecific genetic variability within various populations.

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Combined morphological and phylogenomic re-examination of malawimonads, a critical taxon for inferring the evolutionary history of eukaryotes

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.171707 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 171707 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Aaron A. Heiss ◽

Martin Kolisko ◽

Fleming Ekelund ◽

Matthew W. Brown ◽

Andrew J. Roger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary History ◽

Deep Level ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Heterotrophic Flagellates ◽

Interpretation Errors ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

History Of ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Phylogenomic Analyses ◽

Almost All

Modern syntheses of eukaryote diversity assign almost all taxa to one of three groups: Amorphea, Diaphoretickes and Excavata (comprising Discoba and Metamonada). The most glaring exception is Malawimonadidae, a group of small heterotrophic flagellates that resemble Excavata by morphology, but branch with Amorphea in most phylogenomic analyses. However, just one malawimonad, Malawimonas jakobiformis , has been studied with both morphological and molecular-phylogenetic approaches, raising the spectre of interpretation errors and phylogenetic artefacts from low taxon sampling. We report a morphological and phylogenomic study of a new deep-branching malawimonad, Gefionella okellyi n. gen. n. sp. Electron microscopy revealed all canonical features of ‘typical excavates’, including flagellar vanes (as an opposed pair, unlike M. jakobiformis but like many metamonads) and a composite fibre. Initial phylogenomic analyses grouped malawimonads with the Amorphea-related orphan lineage Collodictyon , separate from a Metamonada+Discoba clade. However, support for this topology weakened when more sophisticated evolutionary models were used, and/or fast-evolving sites and long-branching taxa (FS/LB) were excluded. Analyses of ‘–FS/LB’ datasets instead suggested a relationship between malawimonads and metamonads. The ‘malawimonad+metamonad signal’ in morphological and molecular data argues against a strict Metamonada+Discoba clade (i.e. the predominant concept of Excavata). A Metamonad+Discoba clade should therefore not be assumed when inferring deep-level evolutionary history in eukaryotes.

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Construction of Soybean Mutant Diversity Pool (MDP) Lines and an Analysis of Their Genetic Relationships and Associations Using TRAP Markers

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10020253 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 253 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dong-Gun Kim ◽

Jae Il Lyu ◽

Min-Kyu Lee ◽

Jung Min Kim ◽

Nguyen Ngoc Hung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Linear Model ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Mixed Linear Model ◽

Mutation Breeding ◽

Population Variation ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Single Factor Analysis ◽

Mutant Lines

Mutation breeding is useful for improving agronomic characteristics of various crops. In this study, we conducted a genetic diversity and association analysis of soybean mutants to assess elite mutant lines. On the basis of phenotypic traits, we chose 208 soybean mutants as a mutant diversity pool (MDP). We then investigated the genetic diversity and inter-relationships of these MDP lines using target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) markers. Among the different TRAP primer combinations, polymorphism levels and polymorphism information content (PIC) values averaged 59.71% and 0.15, respectively. Dendrogram and population structure analyses divided the MDP lines into four major groups. According to an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), the percentage of inter-population variation among mutants was 11.320 (20.6%), whereas mutant intra-population variation ranged from 0.231 (0.4%) to 14.324 (26.1%). Overall, intra-population genetic similarity was higher than that of inter-populations. In an analysis of the association between TRAP markers and agronomic traits using three different statistical approaches based on the single factor analysis (SFA), the Q general linear model (GLM), and the mixed linear model (Q+K MLM), we detected six significant marker–trait associations involving five phenotypic traits. Our results suggest that the MDP has great potential for soybean genetic resources and that TRAP markers are useful for the selection of soybean mutants for soybean mutation breeding.

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Relationships of Campanian olive cultivars: comparative analysis of molecular and phenotypic data

Genome ◽

10.1139/g09-044 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 52 (8) ◽

pp. 692-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Giandomenico Corrado ◽

Maurizio La Mura ◽

Orsola Ambrosino ◽

Giuseppe Pugliano ◽

Paola Varricchio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Relatedness ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Morphological Marker ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Campania Region ◽

Qualitative Traits ◽

Olive Cultivars

Estimation of the genetic relatedness of traditional olive cultivars with genetic markers and phenotypic data enables progress in plant breeding, management of genetic resources, and protection of both breeders’ rights and certified premium products. We used amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and quantitative and qualitative morphological traits, including characteristics recommended for variety registration, to study genetic diversity and relationships in the olive at different levels. The 14 varieties analyzed, which are used for the production of Protected Denomination of Origin extra-virgin olive oil, represent the most important cultivars in the Campania region of Italy and typify a regional diversity characteristic of traditional olive cultivation. The genetic distances obtained with the two DNA marker systems were significantly correlated, as were those obtained by quantitative and qualitative traits. A lower but significant correlation was also observed between distances based on molecular markers and quantitative traits, but qualitative traits, even if sampled in high numbers, failed to describe the pattern of molecular similarity. Our data imply that the type and the number of phenotypic traits scored can greatly influence the outcome of the analysis, and care should be taken when qualitative and quantitative data are combined. Furthermore, the data indicate that the two molecular marker systems are useful for investigating genetic relationships, but they may also be used to complement and assist the traditional registration of varieties. We propose that since the information provided by molecular and morphological marker systems in olive is different, they should serve different purposes.

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