scholarly journals Methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning: a case study and review of current literature

CJEM ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Henderson ◽  
Jeffrey Brubacher

ABSTRACTPoisoning is an uncommon but potentially fatal outcome of toxic alcohol ingestion. The toxic alcohols methanol, ethylene glycol and isopropyl alcohol are commonly found in household and commercial products. Because the toxic effects are caused by the metabolites of methanol and ethylene glycol rather than the agents themselves, there is often a substantial delay between ingestion and onset of clinical toxicity. Anion and osmolar gaps are often used for the diagnosis and exclusion of these sometimes subtle overdoses. The pitfalls of using these tests to rule out alcohol ingestion are reviewed. Ethanol infusion is the traditional therapy for such overdoses. In addition to the pathophysiology and clinical findings in poisoning, recent evidence for the use of fomepizole and adjuvant therapies is reviewed.

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-284
Author(s):  
Otilia-Elena Frasinariu ◽  
◽  
Aniela Rugina ◽  
Cristina Jitareanu ◽  
Radu Russu ◽  
...  

Ethylene glycol is one of the most toxic alcohols; it may be accidentally or intentionally consumed as a substitute for ethanol or related to suicidal attempts. Ingestion of ethylene glycol causes a severe metabolic acidosis with increased anion and osmotic gap due to its toxic metabolites, leading to a clinical picture of central nervous system depression, cardiovascular and renal impairment. A 16-year-old boy was admitted with clinical and biological signs of ethylene glycol poisoning after simultaneous ingestion of antifreeze and ethanol. The patient had mild anion gap metabolic acidosis only at the debut, rapidly corrected with one dose of sodium bicarbonate; further evaluation did not reveal acidosis, even if the subsequent evolution included acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis. Due to the absence of a positive history and of a persistent metabolic acidosis, the diagnosis of ethylene glycol poisoning was delayed until it was confirmed by serum toxicological test. Conclusions: concomitant ingestion of ethanol may mask the symptoms of ethylene glycol poisoning; the absence of persistent metabolic acidosis does not rule out the diagnosis.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorri Beatty ◽  
Robert Green ◽  
Kirk Magee ◽  
Peter Zed

Objectives. The optimal antidote for the treatment of ethylene glycol or methanol intoxication is not known. The objective of this systematic review is to describe all available data on the use of ethanol and fomepizole for methanol and ethylene glycol intoxication.Data Source. A systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted.Study Selection. Published studies involving the use of ethanol or fomepizole, or both, in adults who presented within 72 hours of toxic alcohol ingestion were included. Our search yielded a total of 145 studies for our analysis. There were no randomized controlled trials, and no head-to-head trials.Data Extraction. Variables were evaluated for all publications by one independent author using a standardized data collection form.Data Synthesis. 897 patients with toxic alcohol ingestion were identified. 720 (80.3%) were treated with ethanol (505 Me, 215 EG), 146 (16.3%) with fomepizole (81 Me, 65 EG), and 33 (3.7%) with both antidotes (18 Me, 15 EG). Mortality in patients treated with ethanol was 21.8% for Me and 18.1% for EG. In those administered fomepizole, mortality was 17.1% for Me and 4.1% for EG. Adverse events were uncommon.Conclusion. The data supporting the use of one antidote is inconclusive. Further investigation is warranted.


Author(s):  
Dheeraj Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Shivakumar .

Lifestyle disorders are one of the biggest threats for the population living unhealthy lifestyle. Sthoulya (Obesity) is one such disorder which creates lot of physical as well as mental disorder to the sufferer. Due to changing lifestyle, comforts and dietary habit lots of individuals changed their life totally. Obesity is a growing disease in developed and developing countries. Prevalence is drastically hike in past few years. Ayurveda, the science of life with which we can manage and control lots of lifestyle disorders. Focusing on dietary and lifestyle management along with treatment, we can overcome the hazards of obesity which is growing in a uncontrolled manner. The available data is based on the clinical findings only. Aim and objective: To assess the effect of “Guru Cha Atarpanam Chikitsa” in the management of Sthoulya. Setting: Swastharakshana evam Yoga, OPD and IPD, SDMCAH, Hassan. Method: Udwarthana, Parisheka, Shamana Aushadhis, Ahara, and Vihara was followed within the treatment duration and effect of treatment was assessed before and after treatment, advised for follow up. Results: The treatment adopted is effective in the management of Sthoulya and to improve the quality of life.


2018 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. e9-e14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaspar Tuero ◽  
Jesús González ◽  
Laura Sahuquillo ◽  
Anna Freixa ◽  
Isabel Gomila ◽  
...  

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. L. Bowen ◽  
P.S. B. Minty ◽  
A. Sengupta

Two cases of self poisoning by ethylene glycol are reported. The salient features of fatal acute ethylene glycol poisoning are mentioned with detailed histological and toxicological findings. Gas chromatographic analysis was used to determine ethylene glycol levels in serum and urine.


2018 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
Tanveer Manzoor ◽  
Qanita Tayyaba ◽  
Ammad Hussain Qureshi

Presented results report the findings of a case study carried out to determine the possible factors that lead to the twisting of tail rotor shaft. The structural materials of the shaft was evaluated in terms of microstructural analysis and mechanical properties to rule out any material fault. The SEM images showed that the localized fractures at twist ends occurred without any significant plastic deformation. Moreover, there was no evidence of fatigue. Such behavior suggests that twist occurred under impact / high strain rate loading. Such loading conditions are not possible during the event to ground hitting. The Ansys simulation confirmed that the observed twisting can increase the stress at localized point in excess of UTS and cause fracture.


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Guillermo-Durán ◽  
Salvador Gómez-Carro ◽  
Nina Mendez-Dominguez

Introducción: El tétanos es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por Clostridium tetani, con un cuadro clínico grave y una elevada mortalidad. En Yucatán, la tasa de incidencia es baja (0.09 por 100,000 habitantes), reportándose únicamente dos casos en 2017, por lo que actualmente es una enfermedad de baja sospecha diagnóstica en la región. Caso clínico: Preescolar masculino de 5 años, originario de una comunidad rural de Yucatán y con esquema de inmunización incompleto, quien fue atendido por espasmos musculares generalizados, así como heridas recientes por cuerpo extraño y síndrome del niño maltratado. En la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, se integró el diagnóstico de tétanos, por lo que recibió manejo etiológico y sintomático, logrando mejoría a su egreso. Discusión: Yucatán es una de las entidades federativas con mayor índice de maltrato infantil. Ante la presencia de dicha problemática social, es importante descartar un esquema de inmunización incompleto, mismos que con la coexistencia de hallazgos clínicos típicos y herida reciente por cuerpo extraño, se debe sospechar tétanos.Background: Tetanus is an infectious disease caused by Clostridium tetani, with severe symptoms and a high mortality rate.  In Yucatan, the incidence rate is low (0.09 per 100,000 population), reporting only two cases in 2017, so it is now a disease of low diagnostic suspicion in the region. Case presentation: A 5-year-old male preschool, from a rural community of Yucatán and with incomplete immunization scheme, who was attended by generalized muscle spasms as well as recent foreign body wounds and battered child syndrome. In the Intensive Care Unit, the diagnosis of tetanus was integrated, for which he received etiological and symptomatic management, achieving improvement at his discharge. Discussion: Yucatan is a state with high child abuse rate of. In the presence of this social problem, it is important to rule out an incomplete immunization scheme, which with the coexistence of typical clinical findings and recent foreign body wound, tetanus should be suspected. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Delyan Ivanov ◽  
Diana G. Ivanova

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