scholarly journals How global was the age of revolutions? The case of Mount Lebanon, 1821

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Peter Hill
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Geographical Scope ◽  
The French Revolution

Abstract This article addresses the question of the geographical scope of the ‘age of revolutions’ (c.1750–1850) through the case of a peasant uprising in Mount Lebanon in 1821. This uprising had similarities with recent and contemporary revolutions and rebellions, which have led some to suggest the influence of the ideas of the French Revolution of 1789 or the Greek Revolution of 1821. This article argues that influence at the level of ideas was unimportant, but that the similarities can plausibly be traced to similar and connected contexts at the level of political economy, as the expansion and crisis of military-fiscal states provoked opposition ‘from below’ and renegotiations of sovereignty. This focus on political economy rather than genealogies of ideas can then help define an ‘age of revolutions’ extending beyond Europe and the north Atlantic into the Ottoman empire, Latin America, and other regions.

A connected history of political economy in Asia and Europe, ca 1750–1914

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Alessandro Stanziani
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
History Of Political Economy ◽  
Political Economic

The history of political-economic thought has been built up over the centuries with a uniform focus on European and North American thinkers. Intellectuals beyond the North Atlantic have been largely understood as the passive recipients of already formed economic categories and arguments. This view has often been accepted not only by scholars and observers in Europe but also in many other places such as Russia, India, China, Japan, and the Ottoman Empire. In this regard, the articles included in this collection explicitly differentiate from this diffusionist approach (“born in Western Europe, then flowed everywhere else”).

Mercantile Credit and Financing in Venezuela, 1830–1870

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Financial Transactions

The activities of the mercantile houses operating in the import–export trade are of primary importance in tracing and analyzing the nature of economic growth in nineteenth-century Latin America. As a necessary corollary to their trade activities, many houses were also involved in shipping and served as conduits for financial transactions of all types, collecting, receiving and remitting funds as well as making local investments, advances and loans. Mercantile houses thus served as the commercial– financial bridgehead between the new republics and the North Atlantic world. Naturally, not all mercantile houses participated in these activities to the same degree, and a distinction should be noted between agents for houses and partners.

The Currents of the North Atlantic

1892 ◽  
Vol 34 (872supp) ◽  
pp. 13940-13941
Author(s):  
Richard Beynon
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

NATO adaptation to current challenges and mechanisms of Ukraine’s cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Oleh Poshedin
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Response Force ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Joint Force ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Area Of Influence

The purpose of the article is to describe the changes NATO undergoing in response to the challenges of our time. Today NATO, as a key element of European and Euro-Atlantic security, is adapting to changes in the modern security environment by increasing its readiness and ability to respond to any threat. Adaptation measures include the components required to ensure that the Alliance can fully address the security challenges it might face. Responsiveness NATO Response Force enhanced by developing force packages that are able to move rapidly and respond to potential challenges and threats. As part of it, was established a Very High Readiness Joint Task Force, a new Allied joint force that deploy within a few days to respond to challenges that arise, particularly at the periphery of NATO’s territory. NATO emphasizes, that cyber defence is part of NATO’s core task of collective defence. A decision as to when a cyber attack would lead to the invocation of Article 5 would be taken by the North Atlantic Council on a case-by-case basis. Cooperation with NATO already contributes to the implementation of national security and defense in state policy. At the same time, taking into account that all decision-making in NATO based on consensus, Ukraine’s membership in the Alliance quite vague perspective. In such circumstances, in Ukraine you often can hear the idea of announcement of a neutral status. It is worth reminding that non-aligned status did not save Ukraine from Russian aggression. Neutral status will not accomplish it either. All talks about neutrality and the impossibility of Ukraine joining NATO are nothing but manipulations, as well as recognition of the Ukrainian territory as Russian Federation area of influence (this country seeks to sabotage the Euro-Atlantic movement of Ukraine). Think about it, Moldova’s Neutrality is enshrined in the country’s Constitution since 1994. However, this did not help Moldova to restore its territorial integrity and to force Russia to withdraw its troops and armaments from Transnistria.

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