The effects of farrowing system design on welfare of sows and piglets of different genotypes

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 175-175
Author(s):  
J.N. Marchant ◽  
D. M. Broom ◽  
S. Corning
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Survival And Growth

Although often described as “welfare-friendly”, the greater freedom of movement and choice of environments offered by communal farrowing systems does have potential welfare risks, primarily for the piglets. The maternal qualities of the sow will have a greater influence on the survival and growth of piglets in this communal farrowing system, than in a conventional farrowing crate and may be influenced by genotype. The objectives of this study were to compare the welfare of sows and piglets housed in farrowing crates and a communal farrowing system and to investigate whether sow genotype influences the quantity and quality of maternal behaviour and subsequent litter performance.

The effects of sow maternal behaviour on piglet mortality in an open farrowing system

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 196-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.N. Marchant ◽  
D.M. Broom ◽  
S. Corning
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Piglet Mortality

Community lactating systems offer a number of potential welfare benefits to the sow and her litter. However, giving the sow greater freedom of movement and choice of environments also has potential risks. With less restriction, the maternal qualities of the sow will have a greater influence on the survival and growth of her litter. The objectives of this experiment were to determine what behaviours of the sow influenced piglet mortality in an open communal farrowing system

The effects of sow maternal behaviour on piglet mortality in an open farrowing system

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 196-196
Author(s):  
J.N. Marchant ◽  
D.M. Broom ◽  
S. Corning
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Piglet Mortality

Community lactating systems offer a number of potential welfare benefits to the sow and her litter. However, giving the sow greater freedom of movement and choice of environments also has potential risks. With less restriction, the maternal qualities of the sow will have a greater influence on the survival and growth of her litter. The objectives of this experiment were to determine what behaviours of the sow influenced piglet mortality in an open communal farrowing system

The effects of farrowing system design on gilt behaviour

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 185-185
Author(s):  
J.N. Marchant ◽  
R.M. Forde ◽  
S. Corning ◽  
D.M. Broom
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Piglet Mortality ◽  
Piglet Survival

The farrowing crate was designed to make sow management easier, allow higher stocking densities and reduce piglet mortality. Recently, concerns about sow welfare within farrowing crates have lead to a reappraisal of open farrowing systems. However, more freedom of movement for the sow places greater influence on the quality of maternal care, if piglet welfare is to be safeguarded. The aims of this study were to compare the behaviour of gilts housed in different farrowing systems and to determine any differences in behaviour, that may affect piglet survival.After service, 38 LW x Landrace gilts (PIC, Abingdon, UK) were formed into groups of 3-5 and were assigned to either farrowing crates or a communal farrowing system. Each crate room housed six conventional crates with sow feeders, nipple drinkers and forward piglet creeps. Each pen room contained five individual strawed pens (2.7m x 1.9m) with a rectangular piglet creep at the rear, sloping walls along both sides and piglet and sow drinkers.

Effects of algae, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria diets on survival and growth performance in the fairy shrimp, Streptocephalus sirindhornae (Branchiopoda, Anostraca)

Crustaceana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1505-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chewapat Saejung ◽  
Anuwat Chaiyarat ◽  
La-Orsri Sanoamuang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacterium ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Fairy Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
First Time

Abstract This study investigated the effects on survival, growth performance and water quality of algae, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria as diets for larval and immature/mature Streptocephalus sirindhornae. Survival of the larvae fed with the alga Chlorella vulgaris and the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas faecalis for 5 days was higher than 80%, while those fed with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 4.4%. After feeding the 6-day-old fairy shrimp until they reached 30 days of age, those fed with bacteria showed the highest survival and growth rate. Ammonia, nitrate and nitrite concentrations in the water treated with R. faecalis were the lowest. The highest ammonia concentration, the lowest dissolved oxygen, and excessive turbidity were found in the yeast treatment. Frequent water replacement could not overcome this, which resulted in the low survival rate. Utilization of photosynthetic bacteria in fairy shrimp culture is for the first time reported herein, and the disadvantages of using yeast in S. sirindhornae cultivation are discussed.

Spatial Information System Development

2011 ◽  
pp. 36-62
Author(s):  
Brian N. Hilton ◽  
Richard J. Burkhard ◽  
Tarun Abhichandani
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
System Design ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
System Development ◽  
Information System Development ◽  
Information System Design ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Nature Of Information

An approach to an ontology-based information system design theory for spatial information system development is presented. This approach addresses the dynamic nature of information system development at the beginning of the 21st century and addresses the question of how to establish relationships between the various design components of a spatial information system. It should also help to automate and guide the design process while at the same time improve the quality of the process along with its outputs. An example of this approach is presented, along with examples of the various ontologies utilized in the design of this particular spatial information system. Finally, a method to mitigate the issues regarding the organization and management of a growing library of ontologies is discussed.

scholarly journals The Application of Sector-Scanning Sonar: Strategy for Efficient and Precise Sector-Scanning Using Freedom of Underwater Walking Robot in Shallow Water

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3654
Author(s):  
Hyuk Baek ◽  
Bong-Huan Jun ◽  
Myounggyu D. Noh
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Walking Robot ◽  
Sea Trial ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Tidal Water ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
Sonar Images ◽  
Robot Technology ◽  
Acquisition Method

In this paper, we discuss underwater walking robot technology to improve the quality of raw data in sector-scanning sonar images. We propose a strategy for an efficient and precise sector-scanning sonar image acquisition method for use in shallow, strong tidal water with a curved and sloped seabed environment. We verified the strategy by analyzing images acquired through a sea trial using the sector-scanning sonar installed on the CRABSTER (CR200). Before creating this strategy, an experiment was conducted to acquire the seabed image near a pier using a tripod and vertical pole. To overcome the problems and limitations revealed through image analysis, we established two technical strategies. In conclusion, we were able to achieve those technical strategies by using the CR200, which is resistant to strong current, and its six legs provide freedom of movement, allowing for a good sonar attitude.

Fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the Presence of Indigenous Microorganisms on Commercially Packaged Baby Spinach, as Impacted by Storage Temperature and Time†

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 2038-2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAGUANG LUO ◽  
QIANG HE ◽  
JAMES L. McEVOY ◽  
WILLIAM S. CONWAY
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Indigenous Microorganisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Survival And Growth

This study investigated the effect of storage temperature and time on the survival and growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7, the growth of indigenous microorganisms, and the changes in product quality of packaged baby spinach. Commercial packages of spinach within 2 days of processing were cut open at one end, sprayed with fine mists of E. coli O157:H7 inoculum, resealed, and then stored at 1, 5, 8, and 12°C for 12 days until their labeled best-if-used-by dates. Microbial enumeration and product quality evaluation were conducted on day(s) 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 postinoculation. Spinach held at 12°C supported significant (P < 0.001) E. coli O157:H7 growth, with a 1.0-log CFU/g increase within 3 days postinoculation, which was followed by additional growth during continued storage. E. coli O157:H7 grew slowly when held at 8°C, with a significant (P < 0.01) level of growth reached after 6 days of storage. However, on products held at 1 and 5°C, E. coli O157:H7 populations declined significantly (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) within 3 days of storage. Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria, and yeast and mold populations increased significantly at all storage temperatures, with more growth on products held at elevated temperatures. Product quality scores remained high within the first 6 days of storage, with a sharp decline noted on samples held at 12°C on day 9. Results suggest that E. coli O157:H7 can grow significantly on commercially packaged spinach held at 8°C or above before significant product quality deterioration occurs.

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