Investigating temperament traits in cattle for quantitative trait loci (QTL) identification

Farm animals show individual variation in their behavioural responses to handling and management systems on farms. These behavioural responses are presumed to reflect underlying temperament traits such as fear or aggression. Information about the location of genes that influence temperament traits could be used in selective breeding programmes to improve animal welfare, as selection for desirable behavioural responses would increase the ability of animals to cope with stressors encountered on farms. The aims of this study were to obtain reliable temperament measurements in cattle using behavioural tests, and to use this data to localise the genes (quantitative trait loci) that are involved in such traits.Behavioural data obtained in temperament tests must be shown to reflect underlying traits by demonstrating intra-animal repeatability, inter-animal variability and validity. The objectives of this experiment were i) to carry out four behaviour tests on a group of heifers, and examine the repeatability, variability and validity of the results obtained; ii) to correlate the behavioural data with genotyping data from a large number of heifers to look for associations between behavioural phenotypes and genetic markers. Associations localise quantitative trait loci (QTLs), or regions of the genome, that are involved in these traits.

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Identification of quantitative trait loci underlying lutein content in soybean seeds across multiple environments

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859617000363 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 155 (8) ◽

pp. 1263-1271 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. L. TENG ◽

W. J. FENG ◽

J. Y. ZHANG ◽

N. XIA ◽

J. GUO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Average Distance ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Chromosome 9 ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Lutein Content

SUMMARYLutein benefits human health significantly, including that of the eyes, skin and heart. Therefore, increasing lutein content in soybean seeds is an important objective for breeding programmes. However, no information about soybean lutein-related quantitative trait loci (QTL) has been reported, as of 2016. The aim of the present study was to identify QTLs underlying the lutein content in soybean seeds. A population including 129 recombinant inbred lines was developed from the cross between ‘Dongnong46’ (lutein 13·10 µg/g) and ‘L-100’ (lutein 23·96 µg/g), which significantly differed in seed lutein contents. This population was grown in ten environments including Harbin in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015; Hulan in 2013, 2014 and 2015; and Acheng in 2013, 2014 and 2015. A total of 213 simple sequence repeat markers were used to construct the genetic linkage map, which covered approximately 3623·39 cM, with an average distance of 17·01 cM between markers. In the present study, eight QTLs associated with lutein content were found initially, which could explain 1·01–19·66% of the observed phenotypic variation in ten different tested environments. The phenotypic contribution of qLU-1 (located near BARC-Satt588 on chromosome 9 (Chr 9; linkage group (LG) K)) was >10% across seven tested environments, while qLU-2 (located near Satt192 of Chr 12 (LG H)) and qLU-3 (located near Satt353 of Chr12 (LGH)) could explain 5–10% of the observed phenotypic variation in more than seven environments, respectively. qLU-5, qLU-6, qLU-7 and qLU-8 could be detected in more than four environments. These eight QTLs were novel, and have considerable potential value for marker-assistant selection of higher lutein content in soybean lines.

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Bayesian Model Selection for Genome-Wide Epistatic Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis

Genetics ◽

10.1534/genetics.104.040386 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 170 (3) ◽

pp. 1333-1344 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

Nengjun Yi ◽

Brian S. Yandell ◽

Gary A. Churchill ◽

David B. Allison ◽

Eugene J. Eisen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Model Selection ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Bayesian Model ◽

Bayesian Model Selection ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Selection For

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Isolation of genes/quantitative trait loci for drought stress tolerance in maize.

Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield ◽

10.1079/9781789245431.0015 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 267-281

Author(s):

Pardeep Kumar ◽

Mukesh Choudhary ◽

B. S. Jat ◽

M. C. Dagla ◽

Vishal Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Wild Relatives ◽

Drought Stress Tolerance ◽

Expression Studies ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Breeding Programmes

Abstract This chapter focuses on target traits for drought stress, progress in mapping for drought tolerance-associated genes/QTLs identification and expression studies and introgression strategies followed by the possibilities of integrating the concept of speed breeding in maize drought breeding programmes for better utilization of wild relatives.

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Optimal Multiple Trait Selection for Multiple Linked Quantitative Trait Loci

Acta Genetica Sinica ◽

10.1016/s0379-4172(06)60043-7 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 220-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guo-Qing TANG ◽

Xue-Wei LI

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Multiple Trait ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Selection For

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Quantitative trait loci controlling kernel discoloration in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar03002 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 1251 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

C. D. Li ◽

R. C. M. Lance ◽

H. M. Collins ◽

A. Tarr ◽

S. Roumeliotis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Major Gene ◽

Heading Date ◽

Major Qtls ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Selection For ◽

Kernel Discoloration

Barley kernel discoloration (KD) leads to substantial annual loss in value through downgrading and discounting of malting barley. KD is a difficult trait to introgress into elite varieties as it is controlled by multiple genes and strongly influenced by environment and maturity. As the first step towards marker assisted selection for KD tolerance, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling KD measured by grain brightness [Minolta L; (Min L)], redness (Min a), and yellowness (Min b) in 7 barley populations. One to 3 QTLs were detected for grain brightness in various populations, and one QTL could account for 5–31% of the phenotypic variation. The QTL located around the centromere region of chromosome 2H was consistently detected in 6 of the 7 populations, explaining up to 28% of the phenotypic variation. In addition, QTLs for grain brightness were most frequently identified on chromosomes 3H and 7H in various populations. Australian varieties Galleon, Chebec, and Sloop contribute an allele to increase grain brightness on chromosome 7H in 3 different populations. A major gene effect was detected for grain redness. One QTL on chromosome 4H explained 54% of the phenotypic variation in the Sloop/Halcyon population, and was associated with the blue aleurone trait. A second QTL was detected on the long arm of chromosome 2H in 3 populations, accounting for 23–47% of the phenotypic variation. The major QTLs for grain yellowness were mapped on chromosomes 2H and 5H. There were strong associations between the QTLs for heading date, grain brightness, and yellowness. The molecular markers linked with the major QTLs should be useful for marker assisted selection for KD.

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Efficient marker-based recurrent selection for multiple quantitative trait loci

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s0016672300004511 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 357-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

F. HOSPITAL ◽

I. GOLDRINGER ◽

S. OPENSHAW

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Population Size ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Selection Procedures ◽

Mean Frequency ◽

Trait Loci ◽

The Mean ◽

Selection For

We studied the efficiency of recurrent selection based solely on marker genotypes (marker-based selection), in order to increase favourable allele frequency at 50 previously detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Two selection procedures were investigated, using computer simulations: (1) Truncation Selection (MTS), in which individuals are ranked based on marker score, and best individuals are selected for recombination; and (2) QTL Complementation Selection (QCS), in which individuals are selected such that their QTL composition complements those individuals already selected. Provided QTL locations are accurate, marker-based selection with a population size of 200 was very effective in rapidly increasing frequencies of favourable QTL alleles. QCS methods were more effective than MTS for improving the mean frequency and fixation of favourable QTL alleles. Marker-based selection was not very sensitive to a reduction in population size, and appears valuable to optimize the use of molecular markers in recurrent selection programmes.

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