Descriptive and illustrated diagnosis of Ophiuroidea fauna (Echinodermata) in the shallow waters of North-eastern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabilene Gomes Paim ◽  
Maria Cecília Guerrazzi ◽  
Michela Borges
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Star ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Bottom Substrate ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Amphipholis Squamata ◽  
Biological Substrates ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ophiocoma Echinata

In this study, we present descriptions, illustrations, comments, and bathymetric and geographic distributions of the brittle star species related to the estuary region of Camamu Bay, located in the State of Bahia, Brazil. The brittle star fauna lives on biological substrates, sand bottoms, mud and rubble in the Camamu Bay and comprises 12 species divided into five families. Almost all of them are common in the tropical and subtropical fauna of the regions of shallow water.Ophiophragmus filograneusis reported for the first time in Bahia, and nine other species are recorded for the first time in Camamu Bay:Amphipholis januarii, Amphipholis squamata, Ophiophragmus filograneus, Ophiostigma isocanthum,Ophioderma cinerea, Ophioderma januarii, Ophiactis lymani, Ophiactis savignyi andOphiocoma echinata.The results suggest that the ophiuroid assemblages are strongly affected by marine currents as well as by different kinds of bottom substrate.

scholarly journals Whalesuckers and a spinner dolphin bonded for weeks: does host fidelity pay off?

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Martins Silva-Jr ◽  
Ivan Sazima
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Host Fidelity ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Spinner Dolphins ◽  
First Time

The whalesucker Remora australis (Echeneidae) is an oceanic diskfish found attached to cetaceans only and its habits are therefore poorly known. At the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off North-eastern Brazil, spinner dolphins Stenella longirostris (Delphinidae) regularly congregate in large groups in a shallow bay, which allows for underwater observations of their behaviour and their fish associates. In the course of a broader study of this elusive diskfish, we had the opportunity to made multiple records of two whalesucker couples (three of the fish naturally marked) attached to the same individual dolphin in two different years, over periods of 47 and 87 days respectively. In all the sightings the whalesucker individuals of a couple were recorded side-by-side and positioned on their host’s belly. We surmise that at least one of the couples was a reproductive pair, as the belly of the larger fish was noticeably swollen in the last sighting, and the bulge on its belly was bilateral and extended almost uniformly to the vent, a strong indication of fully mature gonads. Moreover, its size matched those of the mature females of this diskfish species. To our knowledge, this is the first time that attachment fidelity of the whalesucker to any cetacean host is documented in the wild. We hypothesize that attachment fidelity to the same individual host increases the whalesucker’s chance to mate, and suggest further that the highly social nature of the spinner dolphins facilitates encounters between potential mating partners. Our study indicates that host fidelity possibly is not an uncommon feature of the whalesucker behaviour, albeit difficult to recognise. In one of the above recorded whalesuckers the natural marking was a crescentic scar characteristic of the wounds inflicted by the cookiecutter Isistius brasiliensis (Dalatiidae), a first record of the attack of this shark to any diskfish species.

Levels of helminth infection in the flat lizard Tropidurus semitaeniatus from north-eastern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Bezerra ◽  
R.W. Ávila ◽  
D.C. Passos ◽  
D. Zanchi-Silva ◽  
C.A.B. Galdino
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Host Sex ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
First Time

AbstractParasites represent a great, unknown component of animal biodiversity. Recent efforts have begun to uncover patterns of infection by helminth parasites in several Neotropical lizards. The present study reports, for the first time, levels of helminth infection in a population of the flat lizard Tropidurus semitaeniatus. One hundred and thirty-nine lizards were examined and evidence of five intestinal helminth species was found, comprising four species of nematodes, one species of cestode and an unidentified encysted larval nematode. The most frequently occurring species was the intestinal nematode Parapharyngodon alvarengai, which did not exhibit differences in prevalence and intensity of infection relative to host sex or age/body size. Furthermore, helminth species richness was not related to host body size.

scholarly journals Nematode infection in the lizard Bogertia lutzae (Loveridge, 1941) from the Atlantic forest in north-eastern Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Ávila ◽  
L.A. Anjos ◽  
U. Gonçalves ◽  
E.M.X. Freire ◽  
W.O. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Nematode Infection ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
New Host ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
First Time

AbstractEndoparasites associated with the small bromelicolous lizard Bogertia lutzae, a poorly studied phyllodactylid inhabitant of north-eastern Brazil, were studied. Fifty-seven specimens collected from the Atlantic Forest of Alagoas state were dissected. Only one species of parasite, the nematode Spauligodon oxkutzcabiensis, was found, with a prevalence of 22.8%. The intensity of infection was 2.62 ± 1.19, and neither the prevalence nor mean intensity differed between the sexes. There was no correlation between lizard body size and intensity of infection. An aggregated pattern of distribution (D = 0.813) of S. oxkutzcabiensis was found in this lizard host population. Bogertia lutzae represents a new host recorded for S. oxkutzcabiensis, a parasite reported for the first time for Brazil.

First record of Cassis tuberosa spawning in the wild (north-east Brazil)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thelma Lúcia Pereira Dias ◽  
Ellori Laíse Silva Mota
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Carbonate Sand ◽  
Soft Substrate ◽  
North East ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
First Time

Spawning ofCassis tuberosais recorded and described for the first time, based on observations carried out in the Tamandaré reefs, north-eastern Brazil. The specimen was laying over gravel substrate surrounded by macroalgae at a depth of 2 m.Cassis tuberosauses an algal frond of the genusPadinato lay its eggs. The oothecae consists of approximately 200 vasiform capsules, orange in colour. The spawn ofCassis tuberosais quite similar to that produced by its congener,Cassis madagascariensis; however,Cassis tuberosaspawns in the soft substrate provided by algal fronds whileCassis madagascariensisutilizes coarse, carbonate sand. Considering thatCassis tuberosais the target of multiple commercial purposes, to expand our knowledge about its biology could contribute towards protecting the essential habitat of reproductively active individuals.

Prevalence and Molecular Diagnosis of Hydropericardium Hepatitis Syndrome in the Poultry Population of Mizoram, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedeneinuo Suohu ◽  
Tridib Kumar Rajkhowa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Hexon Gene ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

Background: Hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (HHS) is an important emerging disease having economic importance and affecting particularly broiler chickens. Although the disease has been reported as a major problem in almost all the regions of India, not much is known from the North Eastern states of India. The present study was aimed to study prevalence, clinico-pathology and molecular diagnosis of HHS in poultry population of Mizoram. Methods: A poultry population of total 2430 from 15 different farms located in different districts of Mizoram were studied for outbreaks of HHS. Clinical manifestation of the disease in affected birds was recorded and pathological studies were carried out in total 190 dead birds. The outbreaks were further confirmed by detection of hexon gene of FAdV in tissue lesions by PCR. Result: Outbreak of HHS was recorded in 5 (33.3%) different broiler farms with sudden onset of mortality (18 to 25.2%) in broiler birds of 4 to 6 weeks of age. Pathological studies revealed characteristic lesions comprising hydro pericardium, hepatitis and basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes. Detection of hexon gene of FAdV in tissue lesions by PCR assay has further confirmed the outbreaks. This study reports for the first time, high prevalence of HHS in poultry population of Mizoram.

scholarly journals Mycale alagoana sp.nov. and two new formal records of Porifera (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) from the shallow-water reefs of Alagoas (Brazil)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ribeiro Cedro ◽  
Eduardo Hajdu ◽  
Monica Dorigo Correia
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
The State ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The Porifera occurring at Alagoas State reefs (north-eastern Brazil) are still little-known, with few species listed and even fewer formally described. From a total of 48 species recorded from the state, only eight belong to the Poecilosclerida, including those (re)described in this study. Here we describe a new species, Mycale (Mycale) alagoana sp.nov., and redescribe two species: Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) isodictyalis (Carter, 1882) and Mycale (Naviculina) diversisigmata Van Soest, 1984, both first formal redescriptions from the Southwestern Atlantic. Additionally, Mycale (Aegogropila) escarlatei Hajdu et al., 1995 is here reported from Alagoas for the first time, in discussing the difficulties inherent to recognition in the field of small crustose Mycalids with neatly reticulated surfaces.

scholarly journals First records of the order Polycladida (Platyhelminthes, Rhabditophora) from reef ecosystems of Alagoas State, north-eastern Brazil, with the description ofThysanozoon alagoensissp. nov.

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 1653-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Bahia ◽  
Vinicius Padula ◽  
Mônica Dorigo Correia ◽  
Hilda H. Sovierzoski
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The 230 km long coast of Alagoas State, in north-eastern Brazil, has diverse reef ecosystems, made from corals and of sandstone, that harbour a wide range of marine invertebrate fauna. Little is known about turbellarians of the order Polycladida in most parts of the Brazilian coast, with no record from Alagoas up to date. To fill this gap expeditions were conducted on the reefs from the central coast of Alagoas, where 11 Polycladida species were found:Pericelis cata, Enchiridium evelinae, Pseudoceros bicolorand a possible new colour variation of this species,Pseudoceros rawlinsonae, Pseudobiceros pardalis, Thysanozoon brocchii, Thysanozoon alagoensissp. nov.,Armatoplana leptalea, Adenoplana evelinae, Latocestus brasiliensis, Phaenocelis medvedica. The species are described in detail through photos of live specimens and histological sections. The present work adds six species to the north-eastern Brazilian coast, one of them a new species, and all 11 species are for the first time reported from Alagoas State. Also, it is the first time thatPhaenocelis medvedica, Adenoplana evelinae, Latocestus brasiliensisandArmatoplana leptaleaare illustrated by full colour photos of live specimens and histological sections.

scholarly journals Deciphering the effects of kosmotrope and chaotrope salts during aqueous two phase extraction (ATPE) of polyphenolic compounds and glycoalkaloids from the leaves of a nutraceutical plant, Solanum retroflexum, with the aid of UPLC-QTOF-MS

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tebogo Mokgehle ◽  
Ntakadzeni Madala ◽  
Wilson Gitari ◽  
Nikita Tavengwa
Keyword(s):  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Solanum Retroflexum ◽  
Chaotropic Salts ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Extraction

AbstractSolanum plants (Solanaceae) are renowned source of nutraceuticals and have widely been explored for their phytochemical constituents. This work investigated the effects of kosmotropic and chaotropic salts on the number of phytochemicals extracted from the leaves of a nutraceutical plant, Solanum retroflexum, and analyzed on the ultra-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to a quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) detector. Here, a total of 20 different compounds were putatively characterized. The majority of the identified compounds were polyphenols and glycoalkaloids. Another compound, caffeoyl malate was identified for the first time in this plant. Glycoalkaloids such as solanelagnin, solamargine, solasonine, β-solanine (I) and β-solanine (II) were found to be extracted by almost all the salts used herein. Kosmotrope salts, overall, were more efficient in extracting polar compounds with 4 more polyphenolic compounds extracted compared to the chaotropes. Chaotropes were generally more selective for the extraction of less polar compounds (glycoalkaloids) with 3 more extracted than the kosmotropes. The chaotrope and the kosmotrope that extracted the most metabolites were NaCl and Na2SO4, respectively, with 12 metabolites extracted for each salt. This work demonstrated that a comprehensive metabolome of S. retroflexum, more than what was previously reported on the same plant, can be achieved by application of kosmotropes and chaotropes as extractants with the aid of the Aqueous Two Phase Extraction approach. The best-performing salts, Na2SO4 or NaCl, could potentially be applied on a commercial scale, to meet the ever-growing demand of the studied metabolites. The Aqueous Two Phase Extraction technique was found to be efficient in simultaneous extraction of multiple metabolites which can be applied in metabolomics.

scholarly journals Comparison on the Nutrient Plunder Capacity of Orychophragmus violaceus and Brassica napus L. Based on Electrophysiological Information

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Yue Su ◽  
Yanyou Wu ◽  
Haitao Li ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Orychophragmus Violaceus ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Capacitive Reactance ◽  
Time Determination ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

The nutrient metabolism, growth and development of plants are strongly affected by its nutrient plunder, and plants have different adaptive mechanisms to low-nutrient environments. The electrophysiological activities involve almost all life processes of plants. In this study, the active transport flow of nutrient (NAF) and nutrient plunder capacity (NPC) of plants were defined based on leaf intrinsic impedance (IZ), capacitive reactance (IXc), inductive reactance (IXL) and capacitance (IC) to evaluate the nutrient plunder capacity of plants for the first time. The results indicate that Orychophragmus violaceus had higher (p < 0.01) NPC and IC and lower (p < 0.01) IR, IXc, IXL and IZ as compared to Brassica napus L., which supports a superior ion affinity and that it could be better adapted to low-nutrient environments. UAF and NPC of plants exhibited good correlations with crude protein, crude ash and water content, and precisely revealed the plunder capacity and adaptive strategies of plants to nutrients. The present work highlights that O. violaceus had superior NPC and ion affinity compared with B. napus, and provided a novel, rapid, reliable method based on the plant’s electrophysiological information for real-time determination of the nutrient plunder capacity of plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document