Concurrent and Lagged Relations between Emotion Regulation and Affect in Adolescents’ Daily Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Silva ◽  
Teresa Freire ◽  
Susana Faria
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Trait Level

AbstractA better understanding of emotion regulation (ER) within daily life is a growing focus of research. This study evaluated the average use of two ER strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) and concurrent and lagged relationships between these two ER strategies and affect (positive and negative affect) in the daily lives of adolescents. We also investigated the role of the same strategies at the trait level on these within-person relationships. Thirty-three adolescents provided 1,258 reports of their daily life by using the Experience Sampling Method for one week. Regarding the relative use of ER strategies, cognitive reappraisal (M = 2.87, SD = 1.58) was used more often than expressive suppression (M = 2.42, SD = 1.21). While the use of both strategies was positively correlated when evaluated in daily life (p = .01), the same did not occur at the trait level (p = .37). Multilevel analysis found that ER strategies were concurrently related to affect (p < .01), with the exception of cognitive reappraisal-positive affect relationship (p = .11). However, cognitive reappraisal predicted higher positive affect at the subsequent sampling moment ( β = 0.07, p = .03). The concurrent associations between cognitive reappraisal and negative affect vary as function of the use of this strategy at the trait level (β = 0.05, p = .02). Our findings highlighted the complex associations between daily ER strategies and affect of a normative sample of adolescents.

Integrating personality, daily life events and emotion: Role of anxiety and positive affect in emotion regulation dynamics

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Congard ◽  
Bruno Dauvier ◽  
Pascal Antoine ◽  
Pierre-Yves Gilles
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Daily Life

scholarly journals The Role of Positive Affect in Aggression

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Chester
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Effective Interventions

Aggressive behavior hurts us all and is studied across psychology’s subdisciplines. Classical theories discuss the causes of aggression in the context of negative affect (e.g., frustration, pain). However, more recent research implicates positive affect as an important correlate and cause of aggression. Such aggressive pleasure likely evolved from ancient predatory tendencies that later yielded reproductive benefits, holds across reactive and proactive forms of aggression, and is used strategically as an item in many people’s emotion-regulation toolkit. Findings from psychological and neural sciences have converged to detail aggression’s hedonically pleasant qualities and the motivational and biological mechanisms through which they occur. This new approach generates novel hypotheses and might lead to effective interventions that mollify mankind’s aggressive tendencies.

scholarly journals Customer incivility and service sabotage in the hotel industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1737-1754
Author(s):  
Bao Cheng ◽  
Gongxing Guo ◽  
Jian Tian ◽  
Ahmed Shaalan
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Equity Theory ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Service Sabotage ◽  
Uncivil Behaviors

Purpose Using equity theory, this study aims to examine the role of customer incivility in effecting service sabotage among hotel employees by recognizing the mediating role of revenge motivation and the moderating effect of emotion regulation. Design/methodology/approach A multi-wave, multi-source questionnaire survey was conducted with 291 employee–supervisor dyads at chain hotels in Shenzhen, China. Previously developed and validated measures for customer incivility, revenge motivation, emotion regulation and service sabotage were adopted to test the hypotheses. Findings Customer incivility increased employees’ revenge motivation and service sabotage. Emotion regulation acted as a boundary condition for customer incivility’s direct effect on revenge motivation and its indirect effect on service sabotage through revenge motivation. Cognitive reappraisal mitigated the detrimental influence of customer incivility, whereas expressive suppression worsened its adverse effects. Practical implications Managers should monitor and deter the emergence of uncivil behaviors, provide psychological support for employees experiencing customer incivility and encourage these employees to use cognitive reappraisal rather than expressive suppression as an emotion regulation strategy. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, no prior research has investigated the customer incivility–service sabotage relationship in the hotel industry. This study sheds light on how customer incivility can motivate service sabotage among hotel employees. Furthermore, the authors used equity theory rather than the commonly adopted resources perspective to offer new insights into the customer incivility–service sabotage relationship.

scholarly journals Affective Benefits of Nature Contact: The Role of Rumination

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory N. Bratman ◽  
Gerald Young ◽  
Ashish Mehta ◽  
Ihno Lee Babineaux ◽  
Gretchen C. Daily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Nature Contact

Mounting evidence shows that nature contact is associated with affective benefits. However, the psychological mechanisms responsible for these effects are not well understood. In this study, we examined whether more time spent in nature was associated with higher levels of positive affect in general, and lower levels of negative affect and rumination in general. We also conducted a cross-sectional mediation analysis to examine whether rumination mediated the association of nature contact with affect. Participants (N = 617) reported their average time spent in nature each week, as well as their general levels of positive and negative affect, and the degree to which they typically engaged in rumination in daily life. We then used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. Our results support the hypothesis that nature contact is associated with general levels of affect, and that rumination mediates this association for negative affect, and marginally mediates this association for positive affect.

scholarly journals The Costs and Benefits of Mindfulness and Reappraisal in Daily Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Wenzel ◽  
Elisabeth Sophie Blanke ◽  
Zarah Rowland ◽  
Annette Brose
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Reappraisal and mindfulness represent two fundamentally different ways of dealing with one’s emotions: Whereas reappraisal aims at changing one’s thoughts and emotions, mindfulness is aimed at not changing, but appreciating them. Despite this difference, prior research has shown that both are similarly associated with short-term benefits and trait-level correlates. However, research on the spontaneous use of reappraisal and mindfulness in daily life found that mindfulness is more effective in decreasing negative affect than reappraisal. The spontaneous use of reappraisal may be less effective than mindfulness in daily life given that it is more cognitively taxing. Therefore, we assumed in the present research that the increased costs (i.e., feeling exhausted) of spontaneously endorsing reappraisal compared to mindfulness can explain why reappraisal is less effective in regulating negative affect than mindfulness. In two experience sampling studies (N = 125 and N = 179), we found evidence for different costs and benefits of reappraisal compared to mindfulness. Regarding short-term benefits, endorsing reappraisal was significantly associated with increases in positive affect, whereas endorsing the mindfulness component acceptance was significantly associated with decreases in negative affect. Regarding short-term costs, we found that endorsing reappraisal was more exhausting, and that reappraisal was selected less often than mindfulness in daily life. Finally, acceptance was associated more strongly with trait level indicators of well-being than reappraisal, which may be explained by the reduced costs of endorsing acceptance compared to reappraisal. Our results demonstrate the importance of assessing both the benefits and costs of emotion regulation in daily life.

The Spanish Version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA): A Psychometric Evaluation in Early Adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carmen Pastor ◽  
Raül López-Penadés ◽  
Eva Cifre ◽  
Diego Moliner-Urdiales
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Personal Adjustment ◽  
Regulation Strategies

AbstractThis paper presents the translation, adaptation and validation of a broadly used scale to measure emotion regulation strategies (i.e. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Children and Adolescents –ERQ-CA; Gullone & Taffe, 2012) in a sample of early adolescents. The 10-item scale was applied to a sample of 248 adolescents (128 boys) aged 13 to 14 years. Semi-confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two-factor structure: Cognitive Reappraisal and Expressive Suppression (SRMR = .05; RMSEA = .06; CFI = .96). These two factors demonstrate adequate internal consistency and evidence for convergent validity with other scales that refer to emotional intelligence, affect, and behavior. Thus, Cognitive Reappraisal scores were associated with higher self-perceived emotional abilities, positive affect and personal adjustment (ps < .05). Conversely, Expressive Suppression scores were associated with lower self-perceived emotional abilities, positive affect, and personal adjustment (ps < .01), with higher scores on negative affect, school and clinical maladjustment (ps < .01), as well as stress and depression symptoms (ps < .001). Overall, these findings suggest that the questionnaire may be a useful and reliable instrument for the assessment of emotion regulation strategies in early adolescents for future research in Spanish speaking countries.

The Indirect Relationship Between Rumination, Shame And Depression: A Mediation Analysis for Those Experiencing Relationship Difficulties

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rice ◽  
Barry Fallon
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Intimate Partner Relationships ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractDifficulties in intimate partner relationships are known to have detrimental effects on mental health. The association between relationship difficulties and depression is particularly strong for individuals with a tendency for rumination. While the link between rumination and depression has long been established, the indirect effects of shame and emotion regulation on this relationship remain less clear. The present study reports on longitudinal data of 65 participants (36 males) who had experienced recent relationship difficulties with their partner. Respondents provided Time 1 data for rumination (brooding and reflection), shame (personal feelings of shame) and relationship difficulties. Approximately 15 weeks later, Time 2 data was collected for emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression), relationship difficulties and depression. Mediation analyses with bias-corrected bootstrapping indicated that shame fully mediated the relationship between brooding and depression, and partially mediated the relationship between reflection and depression. The indirect effects remained significant with covariates (relationship difficulties at Time 1, and cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression at Time 2). Results suggest that self-evaluations related to shame contribute to the relationship between rumination and depression, independent of affect regulation. Implications for the role of shame in relationship difficulties are discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Emotion Regulation as a Buffer against Workplace Stress among Nurses during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Fariha Hayat ◽  
Dr Neelam Ehsan ◽  
Dr Adam Khan ◽  
Dr Amna Khan Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Female Nurses ◽  
The Relationship

The present study examined the relationship between workplace stress and job satisfaction among nurses along with exploring the moderating role of emotional regulation during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample of 120 (n=60 male, n=60 female) nurses were approached from different public and private hospitals of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The Workplace Stress Scale, The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used to assess workplace stress, job satisfaction, and emotion regulation abilities among nurses. Pearson product-moment correlation and Linear regression analysis were carried out to measure the relationship of workplace stress with job satisfaction and the moderating effect of emotion regulation, respectively. Findings of the study revealed that workplace stress is negatively associated with job satisfaction among nurses. Moreover, moderation analysis indicated that cognitive reappraisal significantly moderated the relationship between workplace stress and job satisfaction. Other key findings of the study indicated that female nurses were higher on workplace stress and used cognitive reappraisal as compared to male nurses who used expressive suppression. Moreover, married nurses were higher on workplace stress as compared to unmarried nurses. Public sector nurses were higher on job satisfaction. The findings of the study suggest that there is a strong need to reduce workplace stress by developing healthy emotion regulation strategies to increase the level of job satisfaction among nurses, especially during this pandemic environment.

scholarly journals The Role of Positive Affect in Aggression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Skylan Chester
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Effective Interventions

Aggressive behavior hurts us all and is studied across psychology’s sub-disciplines. Classical theories discuss the causes of aggression in the context of negative affect (e.g., frustration, pain). However, more recent research implicates positive affect as an important correlate and cause of aggression. Such aggressive pleasure likely evolved from ancient predatory tendencies that later yielded reproductive benefits, holds across reactive and proactive forms of aggression, and is used strategically as an item in many people’s emotion-regulation toolkit. Findings from psychological and neural sciences have converged to detail aggression's hedonically pleasant qualities and the motivational and biological mechanisms through which they occur. This new approach generates novel hypotheses and might lead to effective interventions that mollify mankind’s aggressive tendencies.

Examining Facets of Mindfulness in the Relationship Between Invalidating Childhood Environments and Emotion Regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412093315
Author(s):  
Elise A. Warner ◽  
Thomas Hernandez ◽  
Jennifer C. Veilleux
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Cognitive Reframing ◽  
Mindfulness Facets ◽  
The Relationship

Research has shown that growing up in an environment in which emotions are invalidated (i.e., ignored or responded to negatively) by parents is associated with later difficulties regulating emotions. Meanwhile, dispositional mindfulness has been shown to engender a greater capacity for emotion regulation, through use of adaptive strategies like cognitive reframing and minimizing use of maladaptive strategies like expressive suppression. The current study aimed to explore the role of invalidating childhood environments on use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression as emotion regulation skills and to investigate the role of mindfulness in this relationship. Participants were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk ( n = 1094, Mage = 58.3% women) and completed self-report measures assessing perceptions of maternal invalidation, mindfulness, and emotion regulation. Results demonstrated that the mindfulness facets of describing, non-judging, and non-reactivity partially mediated the relationship between perception of maternal invalidation and expressive suppression. Awareness and non-reactivity were found to mediate the relationship between perception of maternal invalidation and cognitive reappraisal. Clinical implications are discussed.

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