Hsp40 Affinity to Identify Proteins Destabilized by Cellular Toxicant Exposure

IntroductionOne possible reason for the rapid proliferation of waterpipe (WP) smoking is the pervasive use of flavoured WP tobacco. To begin to understand the impact of WP tobacco flavours, the current study examined the impact of a preferred WP tobacco flavour compared with a non-preferred tobacco flavoured control on user’s smoking behaviour, toxicant exposure and subjective smoking experience.MethodThirty-six current WP smokers completed two, 45-minute ad libitum smoking sessions (preferred flavour vs non-preferred tobacco flavour control) in a randomised cross-over design. Participants completed survey questionnaires assessing subjective smoking experience, exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) testing, and provided blood samples for monitoring plasma nicotine. WP smoking topography was measured continuously throughout the smoking session.ResultsWhile participants reported an enhanced subjective smoking experience including greater interest in continued use, greater pleasure derived from smoking, increased liking and enjoyment, and willingness to continue use after smoking their preferred WP tobacco flavour (p values <0.05), no significant differences were observed in nicotine and carbon monoxide boost between flavour preparations. Greater average puff volume (p=0.018) was observed during the non-preferred flavour session. While not significant, measures of flow rate, interpuff interval (IPI), and total number of puffs were trending towards significance (p values <0.10), with decreased IPI and greater total number of puffs during the preferred flavour session.DiscussionThe current study is the first to examine flavours in WP smoking by measuring preferred versus control preparations to understand the impact on subjective experience, smoking behaviour and toxicant exposure. The pattern of results suggests that even this relatively minor manipulation resulted in significant changes in subjective experience. These results indicate a possible need for regulations restricting flavours in WP tobacco as with combustible cigarettes.

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Conjugal TOL Transfer from Pseudomonas putida to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Effects of Restriction Proficiency, Toxicant Exposure, Cell Density Ratios, and Conjugation Detection Method on Observed Transfer Efficiencies

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.71.1.51-57.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Catalina Arango Pinedo ◽

Barth F. Smets

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

Strong Dependence ◽

Plasmid Transfer ◽

Mass Action ◽

Tol Plasmid ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Transfer Frequency ◽

Cell Densities

ABSTRACT The effects of restriction proficiency and premating exposure to toxicants on conjugal transfer of the TOL plasmid between Pseudomonas spp. was investigated by examinations of filter matings. A Pseudomonas putida KT2442-derived strain carrying a gfp-tagged variant of the TOL plasmid was used as a donor, and both restriction-deficient (PAO1162N) and -proficient (PAO2002N) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were used as recipients. The in situ enumeration of conjugation events allowed us to obtain frequency estimates that were unbiased by transconjugant growth or plasmid retransfer. We observed a strong dependence of the plasmid transfer frequency on the initial donor-to-recipient ratio of surface matings, which invalidated the use of mass action-based plasmid transfer kinetic estimators. Careful control of the initial parental cell densities permitted evaluations of the true effects of restriction proficiency and toxicant exposure on TOL transfer. At standard donor-to-recipient ratios (10−3 for PAO1162N and 2 Ã¯Â¿Â½ 101 for PAO2002N) and total cell densities (105 cells/mm2 for PAO1162N and 106 cells/mm2 for PAO2002N), plasmid transfer frequencies without toxicant exposure were approximately 10−7 (events/mm2)−1 for PAO1162N and 10−11 (events/mm2)−1 for PAO2002N based on in situ observations of conjugation events. The enumeration of transconjugants via selective plating yielded transfer frequencies that were up to 1 order of magnitude lower. Premating exposure to sodium dodecyl sulfate (1 to 10 mM) significantly increased the transfer frequency for the restriction-proficient strain PAO2002N (P < 0.05) but not for the restriction-deficient strain PAO1162N. On the other hand, premating exposure to ethanol, toluene, or phenol had no positive effect on the plasmid transfer frequency. Clearly, restriction proficiency provides a strong barrier to interspecific transfer of the TOL plasmid, and this barrier was only marginally attenuated by recipient exposure to toxicants within the ranges examined.

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Feasibility Assessment of Wearable Respiratory Monitors for Ambulatory Inhalation Topography

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062990 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2990

Author(s):

Shehan Jayasekera ◽

Edward Hensel ◽

Risa Robinson

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Breathing Frequency ◽

Exposure Risk ◽

Analysis Software ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Motion Data ◽

Feasibility Assessment ◽

Cardiopulmonary Performance ◽

Exposure Risk Assessment

Background: Natural environment inhalation topography provides useful information for toxicant exposure, risk assessment and cardiopulmonary performance. Commercially available wearable respiratory monitors (WRMs), which are currently used to measure a variety of physiological parameters such as heart rate and breathing frequency, can be leveraged to obtain inhalation topography, yet little work has been done. This paper assesses the feasibility of adapting these WRMs for measuring inhalation topography. Methods: Commercially available WRMs were compiled and assessed for the ability to report chest motion, data analysis software features, ambulatory observation capabilities, participant acceptability, purchasing constraints and affordability. Results: The following WRMs were found: LifeShirt, Equivital EQ02 LifeMonitor, Smartex WWS, Hexoskin Smart Garment, Zephyr BioHarness, Nox T3&A1, BioRadio, SleepSense Inductance Band, and ezRIP & zRIP Durabelt. None of the WRMs satisfied all six assessment criteria in a manner enabling them to be used for inhalation topography without modification and development. Conclusions: The results indicate that there are WRMs with core technologies and characteristics that can be built upon for ambulatory inhalation topography measurement in the NE.

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Biomarkers of Toxicant Exposure and Inflammation Among Women of Reproductive Age Who Use Electronic or Conventional Cigarettes

Journal of Women s Health ◽

10.1089/jwh.2019.8075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 539-550

Author(s):

Mario F. Perez ◽

Erin L. Mead ◽

Nkiruka C. Atuegwu ◽

Eric M. Mortensen ◽

Maciej Goniewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Toxicant Exposure

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Effects of toxicant exposure on reproductive success of female English sole (Parophrys vetulus) from Puget Sound, Washington

Aquatic Toxicology ◽

10.1016/0166-445x(88)90142-7 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 11 (3-4) ◽

pp. 435-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L.L. Johnson ◽

E. Casillas ◽

D. Misitano ◽

B.B. McCain ◽

M.S. Myers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Puget Sound ◽

English Sole ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Parophrys Vetulus

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Cigarette ignition propensity, smoking behavior, and toxicant exposure: A natural experiment in Canada

Tobacco Induced Diseases ◽

10.1186/1617-9625-9-13 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kristie M June ◽

David Hammond ◽

Andreas Sjödin ◽

Zheng Li ◽

Lovisa Romanoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Experiment ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Ignition Propensity

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Establishing a role for environmental toxicant exposure induced epigenetic remodeling in malignant transformation

Seminars in Cancer Biology ◽

10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.11.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 86-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kristen M. Humphrey ◽

Sumali Pandey ◽

Jeffery Martin ◽

Tamara Hagoel ◽

Anne Grand’Maison ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Transformation ◽

Environmental Toxicant ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Epigenetic Remodeling

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Assessing Vesicular Monoamine Transport and Toxicity Using Fluorescent False Neurotransmitters

10.26434/chemrxiv.12880070.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Carlie A. Hoffman ◽

Meghan Bucher ◽

Joshua M. Bradner ◽

Lauren Jones ◽

Kenny Igarza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

High Throughput ◽

Hek293 Cells ◽

Vesicular Monoamine Transporter ◽

Environmental Toxicant ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 ◽

Monoamine Transport ◽

Plate Assay ◽

Vesicular Uptake

This manuscript outlines a high-throughput 96-well plate assay to measure the vesicular uptake of the false fluorescent neurotransmitter FFN206 by the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in near real-time and following pharmacological and environmental toxicant exposure in HEK293 cells.

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Nucleic Acid, Protein Content, and Growth of Larval Fish Sublethally Exposed to Various Toxicants

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f84-014 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 141-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Mace G. Barron ◽

Ira R. Adelman

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acid ◽

Protein Content ◽

Larval Fish ◽

Life Stage ◽

Pimephales Promelas ◽

Early Life Stage ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Growth Measurement ◽

Log Linear ◽

Macromolecular Content

Larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed for 96 h to several concentrations of benzophenone, ethyl acetate, hexavalent chromium, hydrogen cyanide, or p-cresol. The range of "safe" concentrations determined from 96-h macromolecular content (RNA, DNA, and protein) and growth was within or very near the range of "safe" concentrations determined by concomitant longer term exposure (28- to 32-d early life stage toxicity test). RNA, DNA, and protein content per larva and RNA/DNA ratio were sensitive to toxicant stress and followed a log-linear dose response. Larval RNA content appeared to be the 96-h measurement most responsive to toxicant exposure. A disruption of nucleic acid and protein metabolism apparently occurred within 96 h of sublethal toxicant exposure and resulted in (1) decreased rates of mitosis, (2) reduced protein synthesis, and (3) reduced growth. Measurement of growth and macromolecular content after a 96-h larval exposure provided a physiologically relevant measurement of toxicity that was predictive of longer term sublethal toxicity.

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