Comparison of Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius o-Succinylbenzoate Synthase to Its Promiscuous N-Succinylamino Acid Racemase/o-Succinylbenzoate Synthase Relatives

ABSTRACTHopanoids and sterols are members of a large group of cyclic triterpenoic compounds that have important functions in many prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. They are biochemically synthesized from linear precursors (squalene, 2,3-oxidosqualene) in only one enzymatic step that is catalyzed by squalene-hopene cyclase (SHC) or oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC). SHCs and OSCs are related in amino acid sequences and probably are derived from a common ancestor. The SHC reaction requires the formation of five ring structures, 13 covalent bonds, and nine stereo centers and therefore is one of the most complex one-step enzymatic reactions. We summarize the knowledge of the properties of triterpene cyclases and details of the reaction mechanism ofAlicyclobacillus acidocaldariusSHC. Properties of other SHCs are included.

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Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius Thermophilic Esterase EST2's Activity in Milk and Cheese Models

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.72.5.3191-3197.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 3191-3197 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Luigi Mandrich ◽

Giuseppe Manco ◽

Mosï¿½ Rossi ◽

Esther Floris ◽

Tanja Jansen-van den Bosch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽

Hydrolytic Activity ◽

Spectrophotometric Assay ◽

Fatty Acid Esters ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Ester Synthesis ◽

Thermophilic Enzyme ◽

Thermophilic Esterase ◽

Alicyclobacillus Acidocaldarius ◽

Acid Esters

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to investigate the behavior of thermophilic esterase EST2 from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius in milk and cheese models. The pure enzyme was used to compare the EST2 hydrolytic activity to the activity of endogenous esterase EstA from Lactococcus lactis. The results indicate that EST2 exhibits 30-fold-higher esterase activity than EstA. As EstA has thioesterase activity, EST2 was assayed for this activity under the optimal conditions determined for EstA (namely, 30ï¿½C and pH 7.5). Although it is a thermophilic enzyme, EST2 exhibited eightfold-higher thioesterase activity than EstA with S-methyl thiobutanoate. The abilities of EST2 and EstA to synthesize short-chain fatty acid esters were compared. Two methods were developed to do this. In the first method a spectrophotometric assay was used to monitor the synthesis of esters by the pure enzymes using p-nitrophenol as the alcohol substrate. The synthetic activities were also evaluated under conditions that mimicked those present in milk and/or cheese. The second method involved evaluation of the synthetic abilities of the enzymes when they were directly added to a model cheese matrix. Substantial ester synthesis by EST2 was observed under both conditions. Finally, esterase and thioesterase activities were evaluated in milk using the purified EST2 enzyme and in the model cheese matrix using a strain of L. lactis NZ9000 harboring the EST2 gene and thus overproducing EST2. Both the esterase and thioesterase activities measured in milk and in the cheese matrix were much greater than the activities of the controls.

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Ig-like Domain in Endoglucanase Cel9A from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius Makes Dependent the Enzyme Stability on Calcium

Molecular Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12033-018-0105-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (9) ◽

pp. 698-711 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Pazhang ◽

Fereshteh S. Younesi ◽

Faramarz Mehrnejad ◽

Saeed Najavand ◽

Alireza Tarinejad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Stability ◽

Alicyclobacillus Acidocaldarius ◽

Endoglucanase Cel9a

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Crystal Structures of Putative Flavin Dependent Monooxygenase from Alicyclobacillus Acidocaldarius

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst9110548 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 548 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Moon ◽

Shin ◽

Choe

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structures ◽

Structural Similarity ◽

Binding Pocket ◽

Bound State ◽

Flavin Mononucleotide ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Substrate Binding Pocket ◽

High Structural Similarity ◽

Alicyclobacillus Acidocaldarius ◽

Group D

Flavin dependent monooxygenases catalyze various reactions to play a key role in biological processes, such as catabolism, detoxification, and biosynthesis. Group D flavin dependent monooxygenases are enzymes with an Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD) fold and use Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) as a cofactor. In this research, crystal structures of Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius protein formerly annotated as an ACAD were determined in Apo and FAD bound state. Although our structure showed high structural similarity to other ACADs, close comparison of substrate binding pocket and phylogenetic analysis showed that this protein is more closely related to other bacterial group D flavin dependent monooxygenases, such as DszC (sulfoxidase) and DnmZ and Kijd3 (nitrososynthases).

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Concurrent metabolism of pentose and hexose sugars by the polyextremophile Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius

Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s10295-017-1968-2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (10) ◽

pp. 1443-1458 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Brady D. Lee ◽

William A. Apel ◽

Linda C. DeVeaux ◽

Peter P. Sheridan

Keyword(s):

Hexose Sugars ◽

Alicyclobacillus Acidocaldarius

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Alicyclobacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov., a thermophilic, cellulolytic bacterium isolated from steamed Japanese cedar chips from a lumbermill

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijs.0.061440-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (Pt_7) ◽

pp. 2257-2263 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Masataka Kusube ◽

Asami Sugihara ◽

Yoshito Moriwaki ◽

Takahiro Ueoka ◽

Yasuhiro Shimane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

Japanese Cedar ◽

Thermophilic Bacterium ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Cellulolytic Bacterium ◽

16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

Alicyclobacillus Acidocaldarius ◽

Bacterium Strain

A thermophilic bacterium, strain SueokaT, was isolated from steamed Japanese cedar chips from a lumber mill in Gobo, Japan. The strain was able to grow on carboxymethyl cellulose at 60 °C, was Gram-stain-negative, and grew between 40.0 and 67.5 °C (optimum at 55 °C) and between pH 3.5 and 6.5 (optimum at pH 4.8). Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed 91.9 , 90.9 , and 90.8 % similarity to Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus T , Alicyclobacillus pomorum T , and Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius T , respectively. The major quinone was MK-7 and the predominant cellular fatty acids were ω-cyclohexane C19 : 0 and ω-cyclohexane C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 60.8 mol%. Based on the results of this study, strain SueokaT is a novel species of the genus Alicyclobacillus , and the namehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.5071 Alicyclobacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov. (type strain SueokaT = JCM 18487T = KCTC 33007T) is proposed.

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