Anisotropic Distribution of Ammonium Sulfate Ions in Protein Crystallization

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 6004-6010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Kitahara ◽  
Satoshi Fudo ◽  
Tomoki Yoneda ◽  
Michiyoshi Nukaga ◽  
Tyuji Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Protein Crystallization ◽  
Sulfate Ions

Effect of Sulfate Ions on the Solubility of Human Enamel and Dentin

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka K. Paunio ◽  
Kauko K. Mäkinen
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Ion ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution

The effect of ammonium sulfate on the rate of dissolution of human enamel, dentin, and synthetic hydroxylapatite at different pH values was studied. Ammonium sulfate enhanced the dissolution of all the tested materials. The sulfate ion was responsible for the increase in the solubility of powdered dentin at all tested pH values between 4.2 and 7.4.

scholarly journals What is the effect of ammonium sulfate on the heart rate of Daphnia magnia?

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Xiang Ng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Solution ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Data Points

Ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4] is one of the most widely used nitrogen-based fertilizer in agriculture, and has been produced for over 150 years. However, limited research has been done to investigate the eco-toxic effects of ammonium sulfate, commonly present in surface runoff. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effects of varying ammonium sulfate concentrations on the normal physiology of Daphnia magna through a modified acute toxicity testing. Concentrations of ammonium sulfate solutions at 0M, 0.05M, 0.10M, 0.15M, 0.20M, 0.25M, and 0.30M were prepared and tested on 10 D. magna for each concentration of ammonium sulfate solution. The bioassay test was done by observing the effects of different concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution on the heart rate of D. magna. The percentage increase in average heart rate of D. magna after exposure to the respective concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution were calculated and a relationship between varying concentrations of ammonium sulfate concentration and the heart rate of D. magna was illustrated by plotting a graph using the respective data points obtained. Results indicated that increasing concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution resulted in an increase in the heart rate of D. magna per minute, up till 0.20M concentration. Increasing concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution beyond 0.20M resulted in a decrease in the heart rate of D. magna per minute. It was also discovered that specifically, the ammonium ions present when ammonium sulfate dissociates in water, is responsibility for toxicity, and not the sulfate ions. It is reasonable to conclude that ammonium sulfate poses significant eco-toxic effects as D. magna is a common primary consumer in many freshwater aquatic ecosystems, any change in its population quality or quantity can cause irreparable effects to the populations of other aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals What is the effect of ammonium sulfate on the heart rate of Daphnia magnia?

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Xiang Ng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Solution ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Data Points

Ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4] is one of the most widely used nitrogen-based fertilizer in agriculture, and has been produced for over 150 years. However, limited research has been done to investigate the eco-toxic effects of ammonium sulfate, commonly present in surface runoff. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effects of varying ammonium sulfate concentrations on the normal physiology of Daphnia magna through a modified acute toxicity testing. Concentrations of ammonium sulfate solutions at 0M, 0.05M, 0.10M, 0.15M, 0.20M, 0.25M, and 0.30M were prepared and tested on 10 D. magna for each concentration of ammonium sulfate solution. The bioassay test was done by observing the effects of different concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution on the heart rate of D. magna. The percentage increase in average heart rate of D. magna after exposure to the respective concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution were calculated and a relationship between varying concentrations of ammonium sulfate concentration and the heart rate of D. magna was illustrated by plotting a graph using the respective data points obtained. Results indicated that increasing concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution resulted in an increase in the heart rate of D. magna per minute, up till 0.20M concentration. Increasing concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution beyond 0.20M resulted in a decrease in the heart rate of D. magna per minute. It was also discovered that specifically, the ammonium ions present when ammonium sulfate dissociates in water, is responsibility for toxicity, and not the sulfate ions. It is reasonable to conclude that ammonium sulfate poses significant eco-toxic effects as D. magna is a common primary consumer in many freshwater aquatic ecosystems, any change in its population quality or quantity can cause irreparable effects to the populations of other aquatic organisms.

The Coagulation Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gonyea ◽  
R Herdman ◽  
R. A Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Species Specificity ◽  
Sensitive Assay ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Coagulation Abnormalities

SummaryAn anticoagulant occurring in 4 of 6 patients with SLE has been demonstrated by a sensitive assay utilizing an ammonium sulfate fraction of serum. The anticoagulant functions as an inhibitor of the activation of prothrombin. No species specificity was demonstrable. The inhibitor behaves clinically and chromatographically as an immunoglobulin, although an attempt to demonstrate directly the antibody nature of the inhibitor was not successful.A severe, apparently independent, decrease in the level of prothrombin was observed in the patient with hemorrhagic symptoms. In contrast to the anticoagulant activity, the low prothrombin has persisted during treatment.

The Effects of Carbonate-Bicarbonate Concentration on Empirical Corrosion Diagram of Mild Steel as a Material of Geological Disposal Package for High Level Nuclear Wastes

1996 ◽  
Vol 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guen Nakayama ◽  
Yuichi Fukaya ◽  
Masatsune Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Human Life ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Nuclear Wastes ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Groundwater Environment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Corrosion Diagram

ABSTRACTIn the scheme for geological disposal of high level radioactive nuclear wastes, the burial pit is to be isolated from the sphere of human life by a multiple-barrier system, which consists of an artificial barrier, composed of a canister, an overpack and a bentonite cushioning layer, and a natural barrier, which is essentially the bedrock. As the greatest as well as essentially the sole detriment to its integrity would be corrosion by groundwater. The groundwater comes to it seeping through the bentonite zone, thereby attaining conceivably the pH of transition from general corrosion to passivity, pHd, the behaviors of mild steel in such a groundwater environment have been examined. It has been shown that the pHd is lowered (enlargement of the passivity domain) with rising temperature and carbonate-bicarbonate concentration, while it is raised (enlargement of the general corrosion region) with increasing concentrations of chloride and sulfate ions.

Extraction and Partial Purification of Protease from Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Normah Ismail ◽  
Nur' Ain Mohamad Kharoe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Molecular Weight Distribution ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation

Unripe and ripe bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) were ground and the extracted juices were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation at the concentrations of 40 and 60% (w/v). The collected proteases were analysed for pH, temperature stability, storage stability, molecular weight distribution, protein concentration and protein content. Protein content of bilimbi fruit was 0.89 g. Protease activity of both the unripe and ripe fruit were optimum at pH 4 and 40°C when the juice were purified at 40 and 60% ammonium sulfate precipitation. A decreased in protease activity was observed during the seven days of storage at 4°C. Molecular weight distribution indicated that the proteases protein bands fall between IO to 220 kDa. Protein bands were observed at 25, 50 and 160 kDa in both the unripe and ripe bilimbi proteases purified with 40% ammonium sulfate, however, the bands were more intense in those from unripe bilimbi. No protein bands were seen in proteases purified with 60% ammonium sulfate. Protein concentration was higher for proteases extracted with 40% ammonium sulfate at both ripening stages. Thus, purification using 40% ammonium sulfate precipitation could be a successful method to partially purify proteases from bilimbi especially from the unripe stage. 

Effect of Methionine and Ammonium Sulfate upon Performance of Ruminants Fed High Corn Rations

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1186-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Bolsen ◽  
Walter Woods ◽  
Terry Klopfenstein
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate
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