Iron Minerals Mediated Interfacial Hydrolysis of Chloramphenicol Antibiotic under Limited Moisture Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingding Wu ◽  
Shuhan Huang ◽  
Xuxiang Zhang ◽  
Hongqiang Ren ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Minerals ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Spring Wheat Yield Model for Limited Moisture Conditions 1

1978 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 940-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Rasmussen ◽  
R. J. Hanks
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Staphylococcal Growth and Enterotoxin Production-Factors for Control

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. TROLLER
Keyword(s):  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Enterotoxin Production ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Specific Food

Factors controlling growth and enterotoxin production in foods are many and varied. Under optimum conditions, generation times as low as 15 min and maximal cell populations of 109 per gram attained within 12 to 18 h have been reported. In naturally contaminated foods, these rates of growth are seldom encountered, because various environmental factors, in combination and individually, influence growth and enterotoxin formation. Resistance to limited moisture conditions is probably the most remarkable feature of the growth of this organism. Other factors controlling growth and toxin formation are the nutritional completeness of the medium, pH, temperature, inoculum size and type, and the effect of competing organisms. In addition, the potential for staphylococcal contamination from various sources must be considered when ascertaining the public health risk presented by this organism in a specific food. Ultimately, it is the sum of these factors which must concern the food hygienist and which determine the wholesomeness of foods in the marketplace.

scholarly journals Response of Herbicide-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Accessions to Drought Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Chandi ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
Jim Burton ◽  
Susana R. Milla-Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Palmer amaranth is a very problematic weed in several crops in the southern USA due to its competitive ability and resistance to herbicides representing different mechanisms of action. Variation in growth and subsequent interference of North Carolina Palmer amaranth accessions has not been examined. A greenhouse experiment determined response of 15 North Carolina Palmer amaranth accessions to drought stress beginning 15 days after seedling emergence (DAE) for a duration of 3, 5, 7, and 9 days. Following exposure to drought, plants were grown under optimal moisture conditions until harvest at 30 DAE. Five accessions each of glyphosate-resistant (GR), acetolactate synthase inhibitor-resistant (ALSR), and acetolactate synthase inhibitor-susceptible and glyphosate-susceptible (ALSS/GS) were compared. Variation in response to drought stress, based on height and dry weight reduction relative to nonstressed controls, was noted among accessions. Stress for 3 or more days affected height and dry weight. Height and dry weight of GR and ALSR accession groups were reduced less by drought than the ALSS/GS accession group. Results suggest a possible relationship between herbicide resistance and ability of Palmer amaranth to withstand drought stress and thus a possible competitive advantage for resistant accessions under limited moisture availability.

scholarly journals Efecto de la selección recurrente por sequía sobre el rendimiento y características agronómicas de líneas S1 de maíz (Zea mays L.) evaluadas en tres ambientes de Centro América, 1989

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
José Luis Zea ◽  
José Luis Quemé ◽  
Adán Aguiluz ◽  
Luis Brizuela ◽  
Hugo Córdova
Keyword(s):  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Breeding for adaptation to adverse environment should capitalize on additive genetic variance while simultaneously reducing genotype by environment interactions. In the present work, 400 S1 maize lines from a population resistent to drought from the Collaborative Regional Maize Breeding Project were evaluated under limited moisture conditions. These lines were evaluated in a lattice design of 20 x 20 with two replications per location in three different moisture environments. Selection pressure was 10%. Selection differentials for the selected fraction for recombination and experimental varieties were high. The selection differential was higher under limited moisture conditions confirming highly significant differences observed in the analysis of variance for lines. The experimental variety and the selected fraction had yield reductions with drought of 36%, in comparison to the population bulk which was reduced by 51 % with drought, demonstrating the efficacy of applied selection pressure. Within the variables studied, ears per plant correlated the highest with yield under limited moisture conditions. The anthesis-silking interval did not correlate as high with yield (interval of.8 to 5.9 days), possibly because the population had becn improved for this eharaetcristie. Estimatcd stability paramcters (β = 1 r = 0.9) identified the selected lines for synthctie varictics as stable cntries with a eonsistent response aeross the 3 moisture environments. Broad-sense heritability estimates (H2 = 0.43 and H2 = 0.64**) for yield and ears per plant under drought indieate that oneean expeet to obtain substantial selection progrcss by increasing the frequencies of favorable alleles which condition the hcritability of these characteristics.

Moisture conservation and zinc fertilization impacts on quality, profitability and moisture use indices of chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) under limited moisture conditions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Choudhary ◽  
K. S. Rana ◽  
R. S. Bana ◽  
K. Prajapat
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Total Uptake ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions

A field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the effect of moisture conservation and zinc fertilization on quality, nutrient uptake, profitability and moisture use indices of chickpea in pearlmillet-chickpea cropping sequence under limited moisture conditions. Moisture conservation and zinc fertilization brought considerable improvement in quality, nutrient uptake, profitability and moisture use indices of chickpea during both the years of study. Chickpea planted under flat bed with 5.0 t/ha crop residue recorded significantly higher protein yield and total uptake of N, P and K during both the years of study as compared to flat bed without crop residue and flat bed with 2.5 t/ha crop residue. However, in terms of protein content during 2012-13 and soil profile temperature during both the years all the treatments received crop residue remained at par with each other and proved significantly superior over flat bed without crop residue. Planting of chickpea under narrow bed and furrow fetched significantly higher net returns (55,871 and 55,263/ha) and production efficiency (372.5 and 337.0/ha/day) and moisture use efficiency (12.34 and 11.05 kg/ha-mm) during both the years of study over flat bed without crop residue and flat bed with 2.5 t/ha crop residue. Whereas, this treatment recorded significantly higher B:C ratio over flat bed with 5.0 t/ha crop residue. Under zinc fertilization, direct application of 5.0 kg Zn/ha significantly improved the protein content in grain during 2013-14 and protein yield, total uptake of N and P, net returns and production efficiency during both the years of investigation over lower levels. But application of 5.0 and 2.5 kg Zn/ha being at par with each other proved significantly better over control in terms of protein content during 2012-13 and total uptake of P, B:C ratio and moisture use efficiency of chickpea during both the years. Residual effect of zinc fertilization was also found to be significant on chickpea. The significant improvement in quality, nutrient uptake, profitability and moisture use efficiency were observed only up to 2.5 kg Zn/ha.

Productivity and water use of organic wheat–chickpea intercropping system under limited moisture conditions in Northwest India

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Balwinder Singh ◽  
C.S. Aulakh ◽  
S.S. Walia
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Northwest India ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions

AbstractIntercropping of legumes in cereals and manuring are important measures to sustain soil fertility and enhance crop productivity in general and under organic and limited moisture conditions in particular. This study evaluated different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) + chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) row ratios as intercrops under organic and limited moisture conditions in Northwest India with an aim to find out the suitable row ratio to get higher system productivity under these conditions. Chickpea, being a legume, produces nitrogen compounds that help the plant to grow itself and also makes them available to the companion wheat plants and thus helps in wheat nutrition, which otherwise becomes limited due to less mineralization of nitrogen under organic and cold weather conditions. The primary aim of the study was to get better productivity of wheat crop as this is an assured crop of this region. The intercropping system was evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications at Ludhiana, Punjab in Northwest India during 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. Effective tillers m−1 row length, number of grains spike−1 and 1000-grain weight of wheat were higher in wheat + chickpea (2:1) intercropping system as compared with sole wheat. This intercropping system produced significantly higher wheat grain yield, wheat equivalent yield and land equivalent ratio than sole wheat. Wheat + chickpea (2:1) and wheat + chickpea (3:1) intercropping systems gave higher water-use efficiency than sole wheat. However, chickpea gave higher yield attributes and seed yield as sole crop than that in different intercropping systems. Wheat + chickpea (2:1) and wheat + chickpea (3:1) intercropping systems produced mean wheat grain yields of 5.11 and 4.79 Mg ha−1, respectively, along with additional mean chickpea seed yields of 0.28 and 0.24 Mg ha−1, respectively.

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