New Insights into the Proteolytic System ofStreptococcus thermophilus: Use of Isracidin To Characterize Cell-Associated Extracellular Peptidase Activities

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (34) ◽  
pp. 7522-7531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Hafeez ◽  
Céline Cakir-Kiefer ◽  
Jean-Michel Girardet ◽  
Xavier Lecomte ◽  
Cédric Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Extracellular Peptidase

Expression of the key enzyme gene of the proteolytic system inLacbobacillus bulgaricus

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuge Cao ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Juncai Hou ◽  
Yueou Du ◽  
Weiwei Han
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Enzyme Gene ◽  
Key Enzyme

Stem Bromelain Proteolytic Machinery: Study of the Effects of its Components on Fibrin (ogen) and Blood Coagulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1159-1170
Author(s):  
Mohamed Azarkan ◽  
Mariana Marta González ◽  
Rafaèle Calvo Esposito ◽  
María Eugenia Errasti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Cysteine Proteases ◽  
Antithrombotic Agent ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Fibrin Plate ◽  
Stem Bromelain

Background: Antiplatelet, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activities of stem bromelain (EC 3.4.22.4) are well described, but more studies are still required to clearly define its usefulness as an antithrombotic agent. Besides, although some effects of bromelain are linked to its proteolytic activity, few studies were performed taking into account this relationship. Objective: We aimed at comparing the effects of stem bromelain total extract (ET) and of its major proteolytic compounds on fibrinogen, fibrin, and blood coagulation considering the proteolytic activity. Methods: Proteolytic fractions chromatographically separated from ET (acidic bromelains, basic bromelains, and ananains) and their irreversibly inhibited counterparts were assayed. Effects on fibrinogen were electrophoretically and spectrophotometrically evaluated. Fibrinolytic activity was measured by the fibrin plate assay. The effect on blood coagulation was evaluated by the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) tests. Effects were compared with those of thrombin and plasmin. Results: Acidic bromelains and ananains showed thrombin-type activity and low fibrinolytic activity, with acidic bromelains being the least effective as anticoagulants and fibrinolytics; while basic bromelains, without thrombin-like activity, were the best anticoagulant and fibrinolytic proteases present in ET. Procoagulant action was detected for ET and its proteolytic compounds by the APTT test at low concentrations. The measured effects were dependent on proteolytic activity. Conclusion: Two sub-populations of cysteine proteases exhibiting different effects on fibrin (ogen) and blood coagulation are present in ET. Using well characterized stem bromelain regarding its proteolytic system is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the bromelain action.

scholarly journals Honey Bee Proteolytic System and Behavior Parameters under the Influence of an Electric Field at 50 Hz and Variable Intensities for a Long Exposure Time

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Paweł Migdał ◽  
Agnieszka Murawska ◽  
Aneta Strachecka ◽  
Paweł Bieńkowski ◽  
Adam Roman
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Behavioral Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alkaline Proteases ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Wing Movement ◽  
And Behavior

The effect of an artificial electromagnetic field on organisms is a subject of extensive public debate and growing numbers of studies. Our study aimed to show the effect of an electromagnetic field at 50 Hz and variable intensities on honey bee proteolytic systems and behavior parameters after 12 h of exposure. Newly emerged worker bees were put into cages and exposed to a 50 Hz E-field with an intensity of 5.0 kV/m, 11.5 kV/m, 23.0 kV/m, or 34.5 kV/m. After 12 h of exposure, hemolymph samples were taken for protease analysis, and the bees were recorded for behavioral analysis. Six behaviors were chosen for observation: walking, flying, self-grooming, contact between individuals, stillness, and wing movement. Bees in the control group demonstrated the highest number of all behavior occurrences, except flying, and had the lowest protease activity. Bees in the experimental groups showed a lower number of occurrences of walking, self-grooming, and contacts between individuals than the control bees and had significantly higher protease activity than the control bees (except that of alkaline proteases in the 23.0 kV/m group).

scholarly journals Cannabis Extract Has a Positive–Immunostimulating Effect through Proteolytic System and Metabolic Compounds of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Workers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2190
Author(s):  
Patrycja Skowronek ◽  
Łukasz Wójcik ◽  
Aneta Strachecka
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Administration Method ◽  
Cannabis Extract ◽  
Compound Concentration ◽  
Experimental Group

In the study, we assessed the effect of hemp extract on activities of resistance parameters and the metabolic compound concentration in adult workers’ hemolymph. Bees were divided into the following groups: (1) control group fed with mixture of sugar and water-glycerine solution, (2) experimental group with pure sugar syrup and inside with cotton strips soaked with hemp extract, (3) experimental group with a mixture of sugar syrup with hemp extract. Hemp extracts caused an increase in the protein concentrations and reduced the protease activities regardless of the administration method. The protease inhibitor activities were decreased only in the group that received hemp extract on the strips. The biomarker activities (ALP, ALT, AST) increased from the control group and workers feeding extract in syrup and decreased in workers supplemented with the extract on strips. In young, 2-day-old workers, the glucose concentration was higher in the groups feeding with the extract than in the control. Hemp extract influenced an increase in urea concentrations in workers’ hemolymph in comparison with the control. The hemp supplementation positively influences the immune system of workers, and the appropriate method of administration may be adapted to the health problems of bees.

Characterization of the proteolytic system present in Vasconcellea quercifolia latex

Planta ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 236 (5) ◽  
pp. 1471-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Torres ◽  
Sebastián Alejandro Trejo ◽  
Walter David Obregón ◽  
Francesc Xavier Avilés ◽  
Laura María Isabel López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic System

Activation of the ATP-ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of cachectic rats bearing a hepatoma

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (5) ◽  
pp. E996-E1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Baracos ◽  
C. DeVivo ◽  
D. H. Hoyle ◽  
A. L. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Northern Hybridization ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
No Weight Loss ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Proteasome Pathway ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Rats implanted with Yoshida ascites hepatoma (YAH) show a rapid and selective loss of muscle protein due mainly to a marked increase (63-95%) in the rate of protein degradation (compared with rates in muscles of pair-fed controls). To define which proteolytic pathways contribute to this increase, epitrochlearis muscles from YAH-bearing and control rats were incubated under conditions that modify different proteolytic systems. Overall proteolysis in either group of rats was not affected by removal of Ca2+ or by blocking the Ca(2+)-dependent proteolytic system. Inhibition of lysosomal function with methylamine reduced proteolysis (-12%) in muscles from YAH-bearing rats, but not in muscles of pair-fed rats. When ATP production was also inhibited, the remaining accelerated proteolysis in muscles of tumor-bearing rats fell to control levels. Muscles of YAH-bearing rats showed increased levels of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins and a 27-kDa proteasome subunit in Western blot analysis. Levels of mRNA encoding components of proteolytic systems were quantitated using Northern hybridization analysis. Although their total RNA content decreased 20-38%, pale muscles of YAH-bearing rats showed increased levels of ubiquitin mRNA (590-880%) and mRNA for multiple subunits of the proteasome (100-215%). Liver, kidney, heart, and brain showed no weight loss and no change in these mRNA species. Muscles of YAH-bearing rats also showed small increases (30-40%) in mRNA for cathepsins B and D, but not for calpain I or heat shock protein 70. Our findings suggest that accelerated muscle proteolysis and muscle wasting in tumor-bearing rats result primarily from activation of the ATP-dependent pathway involving ubiquitin and the proteasome.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Psychiatry: Paraclinical Diagnostics of Asthenic Syndrome in Schizophrenia Based on the Determination of Leukocyte-Inhibitory Index

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
A. N. Simonov ◽  
T. P. Klyushnik ◽  
S. A. Zozulya
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Delta Method ◽  
Proteolytic System ◽  
Leukocyte Elastase ◽  
Objective Criterion ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Symptom Complex

A leukocyte-inhibitory index (LII) is the ratio of the proteolytic enzyme leukocyte elastase (LE) to its inhibitor, an α1- proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI). LII characterizes the activity of the proteolytic system and can be considered as a potential objective criterion that determines both the course and the outcome of the disease. The changes of LII in schizophrenia patients with clinically diagnosed asthenia (schizoasthenia) and patients with schizophrenia without clinical signs of this syndrome were revealed. The objective: to study the possibility of the 95% confidence intervals for a comparative assessment of LII in patients with schizoasthenia and patients with schizophrenia without clinical signs of asthenic syndrome to obtain correct statistical conclusions. Patients and methods: Overall, 95 patients aged 20–55 years with paroxysmal-progressive (F20.x1) and paranoid (F20.00) schizophrenia were examined: 61 patients in the total sample were clinically diagnosed with asthenic symptom-complex. The enzymatic activity of LE and the functional activity of α1-PI were determined in blood serum. LII was calculated according to the formula. The confidence intervals were built using 4 different methods: Fieller’s theorem, delta method, regression methods and bootstrap method. Results: the statistical analysis indicates that the 95% confidence intervals of these indicators for the examined patient groups do not overlap. Therefore, these indicators relate to different populations, which mean the examined groups are characterized by different variants of the ratio of the proteolytic system components. Conclusion: the assessment of LII can serve as an objective statistically correct criterion for presence or absence of asthenic disorder in patients with schizophrenia in addition to clinical examination.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document