Confined Space Enables Spontaneous Liquid Separation by Molecular Size: Selective Absorption of Alkanes into a Polyolefin Cast Film

Lithium plays an increasingly important role in scientific and industrial processes, and it is extremely important to extract lithium from a high Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio brine or to recover lithium from the leachate of spent lithium-ion batteries. Conventional wisdom shows that Li+ with low valence states has a much weaker adsorption (and absorption energy) with graphene than multivalent ions such as Mg2+. Here, we show the selective adsorption of Li+ in thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membranes over other metal ions such as Mg2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, or Fe2+. Interestingly, the adsorption strength of Li+ reaches up to 5 times the adsorption strength of Mg2+, and the mass ratio of a mixed Mg2+/Li+ solution at a very high value of 500 : 1 can be effectively reduced to 0.7 : 1 within only six experimental treatment cycles, demonstrating the excellent applicability of the rGO membranes in the Mg2+/Li+ separation. A theoretical analysis indicates that this unexpected selectivity is attributed to the competition between cation–π interaction and steric exclusion when hydrated cations enter the confined space of the rGO membranes.

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Emergence of practical fluorescence in a confined space of nanoporous silica: significantly enhanced quantum yields of a conjugated molecule

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d1cc05935a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kosei Hayashi ◽

Yasuto Fujimaki ◽

Kentaro Mishiba ◽

Hiroto Watanabe ◽

Hiroaki Imai

Keyword(s):

Carbonyl Group ◽

Molecular Size ◽

Quantum Yields ◽

Nanoporous Silica ◽

Confined Space ◽

Conjugated Molecule

The fluorescence of benzanthrone, which is a conjugated molecule bearing a carbonyl group, is activated by confinement in a pore with a diameter close to the molecular size. An intense...

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Characterization of Recombinant Human Coagulation Factor XFriuli

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1650267 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 75 (02) ◽

pp. 313-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D J Kim ◽

A Girolami ◽

H L James

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Domain ◽

Coagulation Factor ◽

Molecular Size ◽

Binding Pocket ◽

Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽

Bleeding Tendency ◽

Factor X ◽

Amino Terminal ◽

Normal Plasma ◽

Plasma Factor

SummaryNaturally occurring plasma factor XFriuli (pFXFr) is marginally activated by both the extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways and has impaired catalytic potential. These studies were initiated to obtain confirmation that this molecule is multi-functionally defective due to the substitution of Ser for Pro at position 343 in the catalytic domain. By the Nelson-Long site-directed mutagenesis procedure a construct of cDNA in pRc/CMV was derived for recombinant factor XFriuli (rFXFr) produced in human embryonic (293) kidney cells. The rFXFr was purified and shown to have a molecular size identical to that of normal plasma factor X (pFX) by gel electrophoretic, and amino-terminal sequencing revealed normal processing cleavages. Using recombinant normal plasma factor X (rFXN) as a reference, the post-translational y-carboxy-glutamic acid (Gla) and (β-hydroxy aspartic acid (β-OH-Asp) content of rFXFr was over 85% and close to 100%, respectively, of expected levels. The specific activities of rFXFr in activation and catalytic assays were the same as those of pFXFr. Molecular modeling suggested the involvement of a new H-bond between the side-chains of Ser-343 and Thr-318 as they occur in anti-parallel (3-pleated sheets near the substrate-binding pocket of pFXFr. These results support the conclusion that the observed mutation in pFXFr is responsible for its dysfunctional activation and catalytic potentials, and that it accounts for the moderate bleeding tendency in the homozygous individuals who possess this variant procoagulant.

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Suppressive Effect of Dextran on Platelet Adhesiveness

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1655597 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 16 (03/04) ◽

pp. 384-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

S Cronberg ◽

B Robertson ◽

Inga Marie Nilsson ◽

J.-E Niléhn

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Bleeding Time ◽

Slight Modification ◽

Molecular Size ◽

Suppressive Effect ◽

Factor Ix ◽

Factor V ◽

Platelet Adhesiveness ◽

History Of ◽

Mean Molecular Weight

Summary43 normal volunteers, 3 patients with thrombophlebitis, and 1 patient with a high platelet adhesiveness and a history of thrombophlebitis have received dextran and its action on the mechanism of haemostasis has been studied. Platelet adhesiveness has been investigated by a slight modification of Hellem’s methods for whole blood and plasma. Dextran with a mean molecular weight of 70,000 produced a markedly lowered platelet adhesiveness together with a moderate prolongation of the Ivy bleeding time. Factor VIII was decreased by about 50% and factor V, factor IX and fibrinogen were decreased slightly more than could be expected from haemodilution alone. No fibrinolysis occurred. Dextran of lower molecular size was less potent. The possible use of dextrans as a thrombosis prophylactic agent is discussed.

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