3D Printing of Highly Stretchable, Shape-Memory, and Self-Healing Elastomer toward Novel 4D Printing

Self-healing and 3D printing prefabricatable physically crosslinked hydrogels were prepared by copolymerization of butyl acrylate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid, followed by soaking in water.

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Smart polymers for cell therapy and precision medicine

Journal of Biomedical Science ◽

10.1186/s12929-019-0571-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hung-Jin Huang ◽

Yu-Liang Tsai ◽

Shih-Ho Lin ◽

Shan-hui Hsu

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Cell Therapy ◽

Shape Memory ◽

Precision Medicine ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Memory Performance ◽

Soft Materials ◽

Smart Polymers ◽

Self Healing ◽

Thermally Responsive

Abstract Soft materials have been developed very rapidly in the biomedical field over the past 10 years because of advances in medical devices, cell therapy, and 3D printing for precision medicine. Smart polymers are one category of soft materials that respond to environmental changes. One typical example is the thermally-responsive polymers, which are widely used as cell carriers and in 3D printing. Self-healing polymers are one type of smart polymers that have the capacity to recover the structure after repeated damages and are often injectable through needles. Shape memory polymers are another type with the ability to memorize their original shape. These smart polymers can be used as cell/drug/protein carriers. Their injectability and shape memory performance allow them to be applied in bioprinting, minimally invasive surgery, and precision medicine. This review will describe the general materials design, characterization, as well as the current progresses and challenges of these smart polymers.

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Fused Filament Fabrication 4D Printing of a Highly Extensible, Self-Healing, Shape Memory Elastomer Based on Thermoplastic Polymer Blends

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ◽

10.1021/acsami.0c18618 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bangan Peng ◽

Yunchong Yang ◽

Tianxiong Ju ◽

Kevin A. Cavicchi

Keyword(s):

Polymer Blends ◽

Shape Memory ◽

Self Healing ◽

Thermoplastic Polymer ◽

4D Printing ◽

Fused Filament Fabrication

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4D Printing of Complex Ceramic Structures via Controlling Zirconia Contents and Patterns

Volume 1: Additive Manufacturing; Advanced Materials Manufacturing; Biomanufacturing; Life Cycle Engineering; Manufacturing Equipment and Automation ◽

10.1115/msec2021-63642 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhicheng Rong ◽

Chang Liu ◽

Yingbin Hu

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Shape Memory ◽

Shape Change ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Full Potential ◽

Sintering Process ◽

4D Printing ◽

3D Printed ◽

Dynamic Components

Abstract In recent years, more and more attentions have been attracted on integrating three-dimensional (3D) printing with fields (such as magnetic field) or innovating new methods to reap the full potential of 3D printing in manufacturing high-quality parts and processing nano-scaled composites. Among all of newly innovated methods, four-dimensional (4D) printing has been proved to be an effective way of creating dynamic components from simple structures. Common feeding materials in 4D printing include shape memory hydrogels, shape memory polymers, and shape memory alloys. However, few attempts have been made on 4D printing of ceramic materials to shape ceramics into intricate structures, owing to ceramics’ inherent brittleness nature. Facing this problem, this investigation aims at filling the gap between 4D printing and fabrication of complex ceramic structures. Inspired by swelling-and-shrinking-induced self-folding, a 4D printing method is innovated to add an additional shape change of ceramic structures by controlling ZrO2 contents and patterns. Experimental results evidenced that by deliberately controlling ZrO2 contents and patterns, 3D-printed ceramic parts would undergo bending and twisting during the sintering process. To demonstrate the capabilities of this method, more complex structures (such as a flower-like structure) were fabricated. In addition, functional parts with magnetic behaviors were 4D-printed by incorporating iron into the PDMS-ZrO2 ink.

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A Review on Development of Soft Gripper Using 4D Printing

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING ◽

10.35121/ijapie202007348 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

Ashutosh Singh ◽

◽

Ravi Butola ◽

Jitendra Bhaskar ◽

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Shape Memory ◽

Advanced Materials ◽

Soft Robotics ◽

4D Printing ◽

Silicone Elastomers ◽

System Architectures ◽

Shape Memory Materials ◽

End Effectors ◽

Future Work

Improvements in soft robotics, materials, and flexible gripper technology made it possible for the soft grippers to advance rapidly. A brief analysis of soft robotic grippers featuring various material collections, physical rules, and system architectures is provided here. Soft gripping is divided into three technologies, enabling gripping with: a) actuation, b) material used, and c) Use of 3D printing in fabricating grippers. An informative analysis is provided of every form. Similar to stiff grippers, flexible and elastic end-effectors may also grab or control a broader variety of objects. The inherent versatility of the materials is increasingly being used to study advanced materials and soft structures, particularly silicone elastomers, shape-memory materials, active polymers, and gels, in the development of compact, simple, and more versatile grippers. For future work, enhanced structures, techniques, and senses play a prominent part.

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4D printing reconfigurable, deployable and mechanically tunable metamaterials

Materials Horizons ◽

10.1039/c9mh00302a ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 1244-1250 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Chen Yang ◽

Manish Boorugu ◽

Andrew Dopp ◽

Jie Ren ◽

Raymond Martin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Shape Memory ◽

Shape Memory Polymer ◽

4D Printing ◽

Mechanical Metamaterials

Digital 3D printing with a shape memory polymer is utilized to create mechanical metamaterials exhibiting dramatic and reversible changes in stiffness, geometry, and functions.

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A highly stretchable and intrinsically self-healing strain sensor produced by 3D printing

Virtual and Physical Prototyping ◽

10.1080/17452759.2020.1823570 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (sup1) ◽

pp. 520-531

Author(s):

Binbin Guo ◽

Xinzhu Ji ◽

Xiaoteng Chen ◽

Gang Li ◽

Yongguang Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Strain Sensor ◽

Self Healing ◽

Highly Stretchable

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Reconfigurable Compliant Cellular Material With Programmable Compliant Cellular Structure

Volume 9: Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Fluids ◽

10.1115/imece2015-52572 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Ye Kang ◽

Kwangwon Kim ◽

Jaehyung Ju

Keyword(s):

Thermal Expansion ◽

3D Printing ◽

Shape Memory ◽

Thermal Expansion Coefficient ◽

Expansion Coefficient ◽

Smart Materials ◽

Cellular Materials ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Cellular Structures ◽

4D Printing

Cellular materials have two important properties: structures and mechanisms. This property enables one to design structures with proper stiffness and flexibility. Recent advance in 3D printing technologies enable engineers to manufacture complex cellular structures. In addition, use of smart materials, e.g., shape memory polymers (SMPs), for 3D printing enables us to construct mesostructures actively responsive to environmental stimuli with a programmable function, which may be termed ‘4D Printing’ referring to additional dimension on time-dependent shape change after 3D printing. The objective of this study is to design and synthesize active reconfigurable cellular materials, which enables the advance of technology on intelligent reconfigurable cellular structures with 4D printing. A two-layer hinge of a CPS functions through a programmed thermal expansion mismatch between two layers and shape memory effect of an SMP. Starting with thermo-mechanical constitutive modeling of a compliant porous hinge consisting of laminated elastomer composites, macroscopic behaviors of a reconfigurable compliant porous structure (CPS) will be constructed using the strain energy method. A finite element (FE) based simulation equipped with a user subroutine will be implemented with ABAQUS/Standard to simulate time-dependent thermo mechanical behaviors of a CPS. The designed CPS with polymers shows an extremely high negative Poisson’s ratio (∼ −120) and negative thermal expansion coefficient (−2,530 × 10−6/C). When programmed with an appropriate thermo-mechanical procedure, the hinge of the CPS bends either in positive and negative sign, which enables to tailor the CPS into desired intermediate and final configurations, ending up with achieving a reconfigurable CPS. This paper demonstrates that actively reconfigurable compliant cellular materials (CCMs) with CPSes can be used for next-generation materials design in terms of tailoring mechanical properties such as modulus, strength, yield strain, Poisson’s ratios and thermal expansion coefficient together with programmable characteristics.

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