scholarly journals The Key Role of Side Chain Linkage in Structure Formation and Mixed Conduction of Ethylene Glycol Substituted Polythiophenes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 13029-13039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Schmode ◽  
Achilleas Savva ◽  
Robert Kahl ◽  
David Ohayon ◽  
Florian Meichsner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Mixed Conduction

Characteristics Of The Structure Formation Of Gypsum Binder Modified With Zinc Hydrosilicates

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The authors' methodic for assessing the role of chemical and physic-chemical factors during the structure formation of gypsum stone is presented in the article. The methodic is also makes it possible to reveal the synergistic effect and to determine the ranges of variation of controls factors that ensure maximum values of such effect. The effect of a micro-sized modifier based on zinc hydro-silicates on the structure formation of building gypsum is analyzed and corresponding dependencies are found. It is shown that effects of influence of modifier on the properties of gypsum compositions are determined by chemical properties of modifier. Among the mentioned properties are sorption characteristics (which depend on the amount of silicic acid and its state) and physicochemical properties - the ability to act as a substrate during crystal formation. The proposed method can also be extended to other binding substances and materials. This article contributes to the understanding of the processes that occur during the structure formation of composites, which will make it possible to control the structure formation in the future, obtaining materials with a given set of properties.

Role of Perfluorophenyl Group in the Side Chain of Small-Molecule n-Type Organic Semiconductors in Stress Stability of Single-Crystal Transistors

2021 ◽  
pp. 2095-2101
Author(s):  
Shohei Kumagai ◽  
Craig P. Yu ◽  
Shunsuke Nakano ◽  
Tatsuro Annaka ◽  
Masato Mitani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Organic Semiconductors ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Side Chain

scholarly journals The role of poly(ethylene glycol) brush architecture in complement activation on targeted microbubble surfaces

Biomaterials ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (27) ◽  
pp. 6579-6587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherry C. Chen ◽  
Mark A. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Poly Ethylene

scholarly journals “Newton’s cradle” proton relay with amide–imidic acid tautomerization in inverting cellulase visualized by neutron crystallography

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. e1500263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Nakamura ◽  
Takuya Ishida ◽  
Katsuhiro Kusaka ◽  
Taro Yamada ◽  
Shinya Fushinobu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Peptide Bonds ◽  
Proton Relay ◽  
Newton’S Cradle ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrolysis of carbohydrates is a major bioreaction in nature, catalyzed by glycoside hydrolases (GHs). We used neutron diffraction and high-resolution x-ray diffraction analyses to investigate the hydrogen bond network in inverting cellulase PcCel45A, which is an endoglucanase belonging to subfamily C of GH family 45, isolated from the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Examination of the enzyme and enzyme-ligand structures indicates a key role of multiple tautomerizations of asparagine residues and peptide bonds, which are finally connected to the other catalytic residue via typical side-chain hydrogen bonds, in forming the “Newton’s cradle”–like proton relay pathway of the catalytic cycle. Amide–imidic acid tautomerization of asparagine has not been taken into account in recent molecular dynamics simulations of not only cellulases but also general enzyme catalysis, and it may be necessary to reconsider our interpretation of many enzymatic reactions.

scholarly journals The Role of Arg13 in Protein Phosphatase M tPphA from Thermosynechococcus elongatus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyong Su ◽  
Karl Forchhammer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Arginine Residue ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Catalytic Center ◽  
Nitrophenyl Phosphate ◽  
Reduced Activity ◽  
Amino Acid Variants

A highly conserved arginine residue is close to the catalytic center of PPM/PP2C-type protein phosphatases. Different crystal structures of PPM/PP2C homologues revealed that the guanidinium side chain of this arginine residue can adopt variable conformations and may bind ligands, suggesting an important role of this residue during catalysis. In this paper, we randomly mutated Arginine 13 of tPphA, a PPM/PP2C-type phosphatase from Thermosynechococcus elongatus, and obtained 18 different amino acid variants. The generated variants were tested towards p-nitrophenyl phosphate and various phosphopeptides. Towards p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate, twelve variants showed 3–7 times higher Km values than wild-type tPphA and four variants (R13D, R13F, R13L, and R13W) completely lost activity. Strikingly, these variants were still able to dephosphorylate phosphopeptides, although with strongly reduced activity. The specific inability of some Arg-13 variants to hydrolyze p-nitrophenyl phosphate highlights the importance of additional substrate interactions apart from the substrate phosphate for catalysis. The properties of the R13 variants indicate that this residue assists in substrate binding.

The role of hydrogen bonding in alginate/poly(acrylamide-co-dimethylacrylamide) and alginate/poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-based tough hybrid hydrogels

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (71) ◽  
pp. 57678-57685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Wei Low ◽  
Pei Lin Chee ◽  
Dan Kai ◽  
Xian Jun Loh
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Hybrid Hydrogels ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Glycol Methyl Ether ◽  
Poly Acrylamide

Hybrid hydrogels, with an elastic modulus and compressive toughness of 350 kPa and 70 J m−3, was synthesized and reported here.

scholarly journals Role of step edges on the structure formation of α-6T on Ag(441)

2018 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Wagner ◽  
Daniel Roman Fritz ◽  
Zdena Rudolfová ◽  
Peter Zeppenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Structure Formation ◽  
Step Edges
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