A Bio-Based Hydrogel Derived from Moldy Steamed Bread as Urea-Formaldehyde Loading for Slow-Release and Water-Retention Fertilizers

In this study, quality of Man-tou, the Chinese traditional steamed bread during storage was studied. Values for water retention capacity, total water solubles, soluble starch, and soluble amylose and amylopectin of Man-tou decreased with storage time. Results showed that hardness, chewiness and gumminess of Man-tou increased, while, springiness cohesiveness and resilience decreased along with prolonged storage time (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation results showed that all sensory rating of Man-tou, including softness, stickiness, cohesiveness, elasticity, taste and total score, dropped drastically within 24 h of storage time (p<0.05). Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to determine crystalline structure of amylopectin in Man-tou, and the value for enthalpy of crystallization was found increased with storage time. Amylopectin crystallization was significantly associated to Man-tou firming (p<0.01).

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Foliar Application of Nitrogen Affects Metabolism and Productivity of Soybean

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v13n10p31 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Walquíria F. Teixeira ◽

Evandro B. Fagan ◽

Antônio P. M. Machado ◽

Daniel Fortune ◽

Fernando R. Moreira

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Metabolism ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Slow Release ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Consequent Reduction ◽

Soybean Plants

Soybean is one of the world’s most economically important crops and several factors can affect the productivity of this culture. Among these factors is the supply of needed nitrogen, especially in the reproductive stage, as it acts in photosynthetic activity and in grain filling. In view of this, the objective of our work was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of nitrogen in different reproductive stages in soybean culture. Two sources of nitrogen were used: conventional urea and urea-formaldehyde/triazone, both applied in reproductive stages R2, R3, R4, or R5, as well as a control treatment without foliar application of nitrogen. Plants submitted to foliar application of urea-formaldehyde/triazone showed an increase in nitrogen metabolism (percentage of nitrogen derived from the atmosphere [Ndfa] and nitrate reductase activity [NR]), an increase in peroxidase (POD), and the consequent reduction in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in all stages of application of this treatment. When urea-formaldehyde/triazone was applied in R4, it resulted in a 7% increase in yield. The application of conventional urea in reproductive stages R4 and R5 increased nitrogen metabolism and resulted in an increase in yield by 4%. However, conventional urea reduced yield when applied in stages R2 and R3. The use of low doses of foliar nitrogen in stages R4 and R5, increased nitrogen metabolism in soybean plants. The timing of the application has a direct impact on the results with the slow-release nitrogen (urea formaldehyde /triazone) showing better results when applied in stage R4 and better results for conventional urea in R5.

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Kinetika Slow Release Pupuk Urea Berlapis Chitosan Termodifikasi

EKUILIBRIUM Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.20961/equilibrium.v1i2.40422 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

YC Danarto ◽

Anggita Nugrahey ◽

Sela Murni Noviani

Keyword(s):

Water Retention ◽

Slow Release ◽

Zero Order ◽

Release Profile ◽

Nitrogen Release ◽

Diffusion Kinetic ◽

Urea Fertilizer ◽

First Order ◽

Modified Chitosan ◽

Urea Content

<p>During this time, the use of urea is not efficient, because about 40-70% of nitrogen in the fertilizer is not absorbed by plants. In order to increase the effectivity of nitrogen release in urea fertilizer, it needs to be coated with modified chitosan as slow releasing agent to form a hydrogel material by forming a cross linking with glutaraldehyde cross-linker.The aims of this research is to study the mechanism and the appropriate kinetic model of nitrogen release in slow releasing fertilizer of modified chitosan. This research was conducted by analyzing the ability of bio-hydrogel by calculating the percentage of swelling ratio and water retention of hydrogel and the nitrogen release in slow releasing fertilizer both in the soil and water. The experiments were conducted by varying the amount of urea used which 30 gram, 40 gram, 50 gram, 60 gram and 70 gram of urea fertilizer. The The release profile is then plotted on several models of diffusion kinetic such as zero order, first order, higuchi and korsmeyer peppas. The appropriate model of diffusion kinetic is chosen by the largest correction factor (R2).The results showed that nitrogen release of the slow releasing fertilizer in the soil with 50% urea content and the water followed korsmeyer peppas model with fickian mechanism. Nitrogen release in the soil with urea content of 30%, 40%, 60%, and 70% followed the korsmeyer peppas model with nonfickian mechanism.</p>

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Effect of Different Monomers on Water Retention Properties of Slow Release Fertilizer Hydrogel

Procedia Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.573 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 148 ◽

pp. 201-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Nurul Ekmi Rabat ◽

Shahrir Hashim ◽

Rohah Abdul Majid

Keyword(s):

Water Retention ◽

Slow Release ◽

Slow Release Fertilizer ◽

Water Retention Properties

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Application of Slow-Release Fertilizer with the Function of Water-Absorption and Water-Retention in Position Engineering Camouflage

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.1100 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 117-119 ◽

pp. 1100-1102

Author(s):

Shao Hong Li ◽

Yue Guo Shen ◽

Zhong Feng Shi

Keyword(s):

Water Absorption ◽

Water Retention ◽

Slow Release ◽

Rock Slopes ◽

Slow Release Fertilizer ◽

The Earth ◽

Earth Slopes

The construction of position engineering causes a lot of naked earth slopes and rock slopes. Because the earth and rock lack of water absorption and water retention, traditional vegetation camouflage can not make it. The slow-release fertilizer with the function of water-absorption and water-retention make up it and which will be applied widely in vegetation camouflage of position engineering.

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Effects of Foliar Application of Urea and Urea-Formaldehyde/Triazone on Soybean and Corn Crops

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10101549 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1549

Author(s):

Bruno Maia Abdo Rahmen Cassim ◽

Antonio Pedro Martins Machado ◽

Daniel Fortune ◽

Fernando Rodrigues Moreira ◽

Éder Júnior De Oliveira Zampar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Release ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Urea Solution ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Nitrogen Release ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of urea and urea-formaldehyde, triazone-based fertilizers on soybean and corn crops. Four experiments were carried out, two on soybeans, one on first season corn, and the other on second season corn. The experiments were conducted using a randomized block design, with 5 treatments studied: T1—control without application of foliar nitrogen (N); T2—foliar application of conventional urea solution and three treatments with Hexion foliar fertilizers based on urea-formaldehyde and triazone (N-Hexion®), with varying levels of N and slow-release components; T3—Hexion 1; T4—Hexion 2; and T5—Hexion 3. The foliar application of conventional urea showed no statistically significant difference in relation to the control for the yield components and grain yield for the soybean crops in seasons 2018–2019 and 2019–2020. Urea-formaldehyde/triazone treatments showed a significant increase in yield for soybeans in the 2018–2019 season compared to the control and to conventional urea. Nitrogen fertilizers with high percentages of slow-release compounds promote nitrogen release more slowly, which led to no significant increase in yield for Hexion 1. No statistical differences were observed in the corn yield for the first and second crop.

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