Integrating Technoeconomic, Environmental, and Safety Criteria in Solvent Screening for Extraction Processes: The Case of Algae Lipid Extraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Zapata-Boada ◽  
María Gonzalez-Miquel ◽  
Megan Jobson ◽  
Rosa M. Cuéllar-Franca
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Processes

scholarly journals Hybrid liquid biphasic system for cell disruption and simultaneous lipid extraction from microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana CY-1 for biofuel production

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Yong Yew ◽  
Kit Wayne Chew ◽  
Marlinda Abdul Malek ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho ◽  
Wei-Hsin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Biphasic System ◽  
One Step ◽  
Extraction Processes

Abstract Background The extraction of lipids from microalgae requires a pretreatment process to break the cell wall and subsequent extraction processes to obtain the lipids for biofuels production. The multistep operation tends to incur high costs and are energy intensive due to longer process operations. This research work applies the combination of radicals from hydrogen peroxide with an organic solvent as a chemical pretreatment method for disrupting the cell wall of microalgae and simultaneously extracting lipids from the biomass in a one-step biphasic solution. Result Several parameters which can affect the biphasic system were analyzed: contact time, volume of solvent, volume ratio, type of organic solvent, biomass amount and concentration of solvents, to extract the highest amount of lipids from microalgae. The results were optimized and up to 83.5% of lipid recovery yield and 94.6% of enhancement was successfully achieved. The results obtain from GC-FID were similar to the analysis of triglyceride lipid standard. Conclusion The profound hybrid biphasic system shows great potential to radically disrupt the cell wall of microalgae and instantaneously extract lipids in a single-step approach. The lipids extracted were tested to for its comparability to biodiesel performance.

scholarly journals Lipid Extraction Maximization and Enzymatic Synthesis of Biodiesel from Microalgae

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6103 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. Rizwanul Fattah ◽  
M.Y. Noraini ◽  
M. Mofijur ◽  
A. S. Silitonga ◽  
Irfan Anjum Badruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Algal Oil ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Algae Oil

Microalgae has received overwhelming attention worldwide as a sustainable source for energy generation. However, the production of biofuel from microalgae biomass consists of several steps, of which lipid extraction is the most important one. Because of the nature of feedstock, extraction needs special attention. Three different methods were studied to extract algal oil from two different algae variant, Chlorella sp. and Spirulina sp. The highest percentage oil yield was obtained by ultrasonication (9.4% for Chlorella sp., 6.6% for Spirulina sp.) followed by the Soxhlet and solvent extraction processes. Ultrasonication and Soxhlet extraction processes were further optimized to maximize oil extraction as solvent extraction was not effective in extracting lipid. For ultrasonication, an amplitude of 90% recorded the highest percentage yield of oil for Spirulina sp. and a 70% amplitude recorded the highest percentage yield of oil for Chlorella sp. On the other hand, for Soxhlet extraction, a combination of chloroform, hexane, and methanol at a 1:1:1 ratio resulted in the highest yield of algal oil. Afterward, the crude algae oil from the ultrasonication process was transesterified for 5 h using an immobilized lipase (Novozyme 435) at 40 °C to convert triglycerides into fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol. Thus, ultrasonic-assisted lipid extraction was successful in producing biodiesel from both the species.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF THERMAL AND CHEMICAL MICROALGAE CELL DISRUPTION METHODS FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS PRODUCTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Angel González Delgado ◽  
Yeimmy Yolima Peralta Ruiz ◽  
Viatcheslav Kafarov
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Cell Disruption ◽  
Organosolv Pretreatment ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Thermal Cell ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Pretreated Biomass ◽  
Metabolite Extraction

Biomass of microalgae continues under study as promising candidate for novel biofuels and bioproducts, however, microalgae-based processes faces technical bottlenecks related to efficiency of metabolite  extraction and transformation. This paper shows the development and evaluation of thermal and chemical cell disruption methods for the extraction of oil from  Nannochloropsis  sp.  as  feedstock  for the  production of third generation biofuels and high value fatty acids, in order to achieve lipid extraction efficiency. The thermal cell disruption process chosen was autoclave, during operation times of 1 and 3 hours at 394.15 K and 103410 Pa. Chemical treatment was  based on acid  hydrolysis with  HCl in concentrations  of  0.1,  0.5, 1  and 3 mol L-1. Organosolv Pretreatment was also used with a reaction time of 4.1 hours at 394.15 K and  103410  Pa. Results showed that the thermal and Organosolv cell disruption process increases extraction yields for biomass without pretreatment, but these did not exceed any of the results obtained with acid hydrolysis. Solution 0.5 mol L-1 HCl proved to be the most suitable for cell disruption process.  In  addition it was determined that the water content in the pretreated biomass, decreases the efficiency of the extraction processes.

A Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin as an Embedding Material for Electron Microscopy of Membranes

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 328-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Robertson ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Electron Microscope Autoradiography ◽  
Resorcinol Formaldehyde ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Cell Organization

The extraction of lipids from tissues during fixation and embedding for electron microscopy is widely recognized as a source of possible artifact, especially at the membrane level of cell organization. Lipid extraction is also a major disadvantage in electron microscope autoradiography of radioactive lipids, as in studies of the uptake of radioactive fatty acids by intestinal slices. Retention of lipids by fixation with osmium tetroxide is generally limited to glycolipids, phospholipids and highly unsaturated neutral lipids. Saturated neutral lipids and sterols tend to be easily extracted by organic dehydrating reagents prior to embedding. Retention of the more saturated lipids in embedded tissue might be achieved by developing new cross-linking reagents, by the use of highly water soluble embedding materials or by working at very low temperatures.

scholarly journals Improved biorefinery pathways of marine diatoms using a water miscible ionic liquid and its colloidal solution: efficient lipid extraction and in situ synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots for bio-imaging applications

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (35) ◽  
pp. 21207-21215
Author(s):  
Paidi Murali Krishna ◽  
Veerababu Polisetti ◽  
Krishnaiah Damarla ◽  
Subir Kumar Mandal ◽  
Arvind Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Colloidal Solution ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Marine Diatoms ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
Partition Method ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon Dots

In this study, a water-miscible ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumacetate ([EMIM][Ac]), has been used for lipid extraction from marine diatoms Thalassiosira lundiana CSIR-CSMCRI 001 by following a non-polar solvent partition method.

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